Business plan
Career skills development program project
Project and places
- City of El-Manzala Egypt
- City of Port Said Egypt
-City of Mansura Egypt
-City of Damietta Egypt
- City of Alexandria Egypt
- city of El MahallahEgypt
Details on cities
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EL manzala city
75210people (country rank: 60th) (2006 estimate)
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Project long term plan
Our plan is to cover city by city in order to cover all Egyptian cities during the next 4 years,
Then we can move to cover all main cities in the areas which are listed below:
-North Africa
-East Africa
-West Africa
-Middle Africa
-South Africa
The objective behind this project is to develop public skills and career services in our area and
provide the public with:
-Education public services
-Training skills program
-Micro business program
-Village skills development program
-Farmer skills development training program
-Student education skills program
-Adult education skills program
-Provide them with public skills and career services
-Education skills advice centre
-Education skills development Program
-Development skills career services program
-Development skills for low literacy people
-Exchange young skills program
-IT-English development skills program
-On line learning skills course program
-Training skills career development course program
-Improve the quality of the teachers –professional
-Give solution for skills market need
Make them feel different by changing their life, by providing the skills career services at their
places at any time and to give them their human right.
Some details for Egyptian development skills program
Unemployed people
Unemployment has been one of the major problems of Egypt for over a few decades. The problem
of unemployment in Egypt has increased significantly since the 1960s.
Total unemployment in Egypt, in 1960 was less than 200,000. By 1976, total unemployment rose
to 850,000 and by 1986 this figure was more than two million. Unemployment has had severe
effects on the Egyptian economy.
It has also had negative mental and physical impacts on the Egyptian society.
Job opportunities have grown at a slower rate in Egypt compared to the growth rate of
population. Moreover in rural Egypt, there are some areas with excess labor force while some
regions have a scarcity of labor.
The youth of Egypt are most severely affected by the unemployment problem. Egyptian graduates
have to wait for more than five years on an average to get employed by the labor force
administration. Hence, unemployment is highest among the young graduates in Egypt.
The rates of unemployment in Egypt in recent years have been –
2003 – 9.9%
2004 – 10.9%
2005 – 9.5%
2006 – 10.3 %
Some of the major causes of unemployment in Egypt are –
Overpopulation
Lack of proper education and training
Effect of economic policies
Government policies
Personal reasons
Egypt: An Unemployed Population Cohort
Since Egypt has been the first item in most newspapers and on most television newscasts for the
past week, I thought it was long past time to take a look at the country from an economic
perspective since it appears that many of the issues that have created the uprising are economic,
most particularly, youth unemployment.
What we read in the mainstream media tends to skim the surface of the youth unemployment
problem so I thought I'd take a deeper look at one of the largest issues facing Egypt's future.
One of the great problems facing Egypt has been a very high birthrate, particularly in the 1970s.
According to CAPMAS, Egypt is estimated to have 79.74 million people and UNICEF statistics from
2008 show that there were 31.527 million Egyptians under the age of 18, roughly 38 percent of the
population. Egypt's population growth rate has slowed from an annual rate of 2.4 percent in the
period from 1970 to 1990 to 1.9 percent from 1990 to 2008.
In 2008, the fertility rate was 2.86 births per woman, well down from 6.23 births per woman in
1967 and 4.56 in 1990. Interestingly enough, contraception was used by 60 percent of women.
Here is a graph showing the rapid growth in Egypt’s population over the last century:
Here is a graph showing the drop in birthrate over the past 45 years:
Here is a chart and graph showing how life expectancy at birth has risen over the past 50 years by
gender:
This rising birthrate is creating (and will continue to create) rising stress in the country's
employment picture. Here is a population pyramid for Egypt for the years 1986, 1996 and 2006
showing a rapidly growing population in the 1980s. It is these young people that are now forming
the “unemployed cohort” as many of them have already reached (or will soon reach) their working
years:
From CAPMAS, here is Egypt's overall unemployment rate by gender over the period from 2006 to
2009 inclusive:
Notice that the country'sover all unemployment rate of 9.4 percent in 2009 was not that far off
what was experienced (and is being experienced) in the United States.
One issue that is heavily impacting the overall employment picture in Egypt is demography. The
large number of young Egyptians is creating higher unemployment levels among those of working
age: over 90 percent of unemployed Egyptians are young people between the ages of 15 and 29.
Unemployment in Egypt is largely a product of large numbers of young people entering the job
market over a short period of time, preventing the economy from absorbing them. Many young
people end up with low wage jobs which prevent them from starting families and purchasing
homes. This is leading to a situation where many young Egyptians feel excluded from their own
society. Seventy percentof young Egyptians that are unemployed state that they are unemployed
simply because work is not available to them.
Here's a graph showing how labour force participation for non-student youth between the ages of
15 and 29 varies by educational level and gender from the Population Council Survey of Young
People in Egypt:
It is interesting to note that among all youth, only 13.4 percent of females participate in the labour
force compared to 61.4 percent of males, even when female Egyptians finish schooling.
Even among those women that have finished school, on average, only 17.6 percent participate in
the labour force compared to 86.3 percent of non-student males. Here's a graph showing how
employment varies by gender and age:
Prior to marriage, 25.1 percent of never-married non-student females participate in the labour
force; this drops to 11.9 percent among married women. In comparison, 84.1 percent of never
married non-student men participate in the work force; this rises to 95.3 percent once they are
married as shown in this graph:
The total youth unemployment rate is 15.8 percent but when discouraged workers are added, the
total youth unemployment rate reaches 21.5 percent. The male youth unemployment rates are
12.5 percent and 16.4 percent respectively; women's youth unemployment rates are 31.7 percent
and 42.7 percent respectively.
Note that female unemployment generally rises with age, reaching averages of between 30 and
40 percent after the age of 19, dropping only because many of the women marry and drop out of
the work force entirely.
Rather unexpectedly, unemployment among Egypt’s youth generally rises with educational level.
This is likely due to difficulties in the labour market because of a skills mismatch where employers
are not interested in hiring post-secondary graduates because their chosen field of study does not
match the employers requirements. Males with a post-secondary institutional education (not
university) have a 19 percent unemployment rate and females at the same educational level have
a 41.3 percent unemployment rate as shown in this graph:
This phenomenon is contrary to what is experienced in most Western nations where those with a
higher level of education generally have a lower rate of unemployment.
As an aside, according to UNICEF, 7 percent of children between the ages of 5 and 14 years were
involved in child labour meaning that children between the ages of 12 and 14 did at least 14 hours
of economic work per week was undertaken by 7 percent of the cohort and 17 percent of children
between the ages of 5 and 14 were married.
When one sees employment statistics like these, it is no wonder that there is a sense of anger and
hopelessness among young Egyptians. I wonder how Western youth, most particularly those who
have invested in post-secondary education, would behave toward those who are in control of our
governments if their economic futures were as bleak.
While Egypt had set up the objective of attaining full employment, this objective remained far
from fulfillment at the turn of the new century. The problem of unemployment worsened further
and is now one of the major causes of concern. One of the major factors of the unemployment
problem is that the labor force has grown at a faster rate than the demand for labor and this trend
is likely to continue in the coming years too. Between 1988 and 1998, the labor force in Egypt grew
at an annual average of 523,000 workers while employment increased at an annual average of
435,000. Between 2001 and 2010, labor supply is expected to grow at 2.6%. New job seekers will
increase to an annual average of 638,000. Hence the unemployment problem is expected to
increase significantly in the coming years.
Agriculture counts for the maximum employment in Egypt. 42% of the employed population in
Egypt is involved in agriculture. However there is very little demand for employment in this sector.
Moreover agriculture’s contribution to employment in Egypt has also declined over the years.
In Egypt, unemployment has also been the result of under performance of labor markets. This is
also the reason for decline in labor income in Egypt. Unemployment among literates is much
higher (almost ten times) than that among illiterates in Egypt. According to reports of ALO (Arab
Labor Organization), higher unemployment among the educated is a trend of the entire Arab
world.
In 2007, Egypt had an average unemployment rate of 8.3% as per the estimates of the national
economic research center of Egypt.
The government, the private institutions and the labor force need to co-operate in order to solve
the problem of unemployment in Egypt. Some of the important measures of solving the problem
of unemployment are –
Effective economic policies
Proper government policies
Migration
Need for Food Imports
Egypt’s population has been growing rapidly (estimated at 2% per year by the CIA World Fact Book
– about 3.0 children per woman), but the population is concentrated in a narrow strip along the
Nile River. (Graph from Population Databrowser.)
Key Challenges related to the Environmental Management Sector inEgypt
� Absence of integrated vision/approach
� Lack of financial and technical capabilities(that hinder theimplementation of various policy
documents recommendations).
� Training programs are internal and highly reliant on the availability offunds
� Lack of clear implementation mechanisms (e.g. NEAP)
� Law enforcement
�Certain limitations in the mandates given to environmentalinstitutions who have no role in the
policy and strategy formulationprocess or mechanisms (including education and skills policies)
� Lack of comprehensive monitoring system
Key Challenges related to the Skills Development and
Education Sector in Egypt
�Among all coordination mechanisms the absence of representation of EEAAwas observed and
this clearly reduces the potential that these mechanisms would address skills development in
relation to environment and sustainability issues
�The education and skills development system in Egypt, historically, has been unable to respond
to labor market needs
�On the operational level there are multiple, and sometimes overlapping responsibilities among
different organizations
� Ministries, agencies and institutions concerned with education and training do not take part in
the process of developing environmental policies.
�There seems to be a lack of awareness and comprehension on the part of the education and
training systems of the need to respond to the anticipated demand for green jobs, now and in the
future.
Key Observation/ Challenges related to the “Skills for Green Jobs In Egypt”
� All these coordination mechanisms are the absence of representation of the Ministry of State for
Environmental Affairs (MoSEA or EEAA)
�The linkage between environmental policymaking and educationand training policymaking is
non-existent.
� Lack of an agreed-upon national framework for coordination and formal communication channel
among various relevant
Organisations
� Skills development as response to environmental degradation, although recognised on the level
of environmental organisations, has neither been shared with the education and training systems,
nor interpreted into actions
Skills Needs Identification
�Through practical experiences at the level of the implementing agency or program and on
individual basis.
�Usually addressed through in-house, short term, on-the-jobtraining for very limited number of
beneficiaries.
�Some of the identified needs for specific sectors are addressed through different fronts (e.g.
SWM is addressed by EEAA, MoLD, Ministry of Health, donors, NGOs).
� On individual cases, there has been initiatives from theHigher Education to respond to an
emerging skills need (e.g. organic farming).
Introducing the Egypt Human Development Report 2010
Egypt’s young people _ those between the ages of 18 and 29 – represent about one quarter of
Egypt’s population. The tasks that face them at this crucial juncture in their lives, and their
accomplishments, as the next generation that will head families, communities, the government
and the work force, will affect the welfare of the nation as a whole.
The purpose of the Egypt Human Development Report 2010 has therefore been to identify and
assess the most pressing issues affecting youth in Egypt today, to formulate a vision for young
people to participate in Egypt’s development process.
The Report benefitted from five very recent and very detailed surveys to identify differences
across social categories and geographic regions, as well as gender based sources of exclusion.
Young people in Egypt were also actively involved in preparing and contributing to the Report,
with comments solicited from a youth conference held at Cairo University in March 2010 and
hosting over 1500 attendees from across Egypt.
A team of young Egyptians conducted numerous focus groups with their peers and subsequently
contributed a full chapter to the report themselves. Many chapters also provide young peoples’
views and proposals through direct quotations.
And, for the first time, an original Youth Well-Being Index was also designed and applied, and is
featured in a full chapter.
This captures all elements that can regularly and systematically measure 10 dimensions and 54
indicators that cover those features that are crucial for youth well-being and a good life, and can
be used time and again over the years to provide feedback that would continually inform
government youth policies.
For each of the many topics addressed throughout the 16 chapters of the Report, some issues are
challenging for all youth, such as employment, whereas others are specific to categories of youth,
such as the poor and include environmental threats and low to no education. In this respect, the
Report highlights both expected and unexpected outcomes.
Project details
Project duration: 1 to 15 years
Project cost: 75,000 to 400,000 first 5years
Project volunteer number: 50 to 1500 fist 3 years
Volunteer types:
-Qualified Technical provisional (All different provisional)
-Qualified career skills training development program
-Qualified career skills development plan program
-Qualified career skills solution program
-Qualified lecture career skills development program (all programs)
-Qualified Doctors
-Qualified engineering
-Any other higher education qualification
-Teacher program student
-Business student
-Technical skills development student program
- Management student
-Technical provisional student program
- Call any other student
Volunteer’s group duration:
volunteer’s fee
2 week
150 euro
1 month
300 euro
3 months
900 euro
6 months
1800 euro
1 year
3600euro
Each volunteer gives support to the project after fee is below:
2 week
50 euro
1 month
100 euro
3 months
300 euro
6 months
600 euro
1 year
1200 euro
The volunteer’s fee includes only:
- Accommodation
-Food
-Local transport
-Local holiday trips every month - 1 to 3 days
-Full training provided
-Work experience – International certificate from our centre
-Arabic language course
*The life style and quality life are simple there but you will gain more life and career experience
and you will make a big change to the people there.
-Your accommodation will be near to the centre and you will share the accommodation with other
volunteers to earn more experience.
-We will do our very best to share the task with you and make your voluntary aid very help full for
you and for our community.
-Our major objective is to make the project successful, to make people feel happy and to come
with a big change to the peoples’ life there.
The Project will make basic steps to other future development projects
The Projects that connect to our future project are below:
-Education development program
-English-IT development program
-Career skills development program
-Training development program
-Business micro development program
-Build small factory- small business
-Exchange career skills development program
-Research career solution program
We need all your support and to provide us with:
- Funds
-Partnership
-Volunteers
-Cooperation
-Advice
-Hope
Al wahada organisation
PMP Walid TEFAL
Tefalinternational@yahoo.com
00353876666750