Ellie Jensen
Physical or Chemical Lab
September 19 and 20
Purpose: The purpose of doing this experiment was to see what kind of change different
liquids and substances would make when put together.
Materials: 6 test tubes, acetic acid, tap water, pipette, safety glasses, hair tie, universal
indicator, sugar (C12H22O11), Calcium Chloride (CaCl2), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3),
soap, test tube holder, scale, 100 mL graduated cylinder, piece of paper
Safety Concerns: Do not smell, only waft, use eye protection, keep your hair pulled back,
don’t taste the chemicals, don’t drop test tubes, make sure test tubes are clean before
inserting your experiment.
Procedure:
Step 1: Fill a 100 mL graduated cylinder with 15 mL of water.
Step 2: Dump the water into a test tube.
Step 3: Set a piece of paper on a scale and then zero the scale. Then measure 1.48 grams
of C12H22O11.
Step 4: Over a sink funnel the paper so that the C12H22O11 foes into the 15 mL of water
that is in the test tube and make your observations.
Step 5: Repeat 1 and 2.
Step 6: Now instead of using C12H22O11 in step 3 and 4 use NaHCO3 and do those two
steps.
Step 7: Repeat step 5.
Step 8: Now instead of using NaHCO11 in step 6 use CaCl2 and make observations.
Step 9: Repeat step 1 through 4 but replace the water with universal indicator.
Step 10: Repeat step 1 and 2.
Step 11: Repeat step 3 and 4 but instead of using C12H22O11 us NaHCO3.
Step 12: Repeat steps 9, 10, and 8.
Step 13: Repeat step 9 but replace universal indicator with acetic acid
Step 14: Repeat step 1 through 4 but instead of water and C12H22O11 use acetic acid and
NaH22O11.
Step 15: Repeat steps 1 through 4 of using acetic acid and CaCl.
Independent Variable: The different solids that we added to the liquids.
Dependent Variable: How the combination of the liquid and solid reacted.
Control: Amount of liquid.
Types of test tubes.
Amount of chemicals put into the test tube.
Results:
Universal
Indicator
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Acetic Acid
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no odor
particles
dissolved
clear
no foam
color
darkened
Physical
smells like
vinegar
particles
rising
foam
dissolved
Chemical
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temp dropped
foggy
particles rising
no odor
no foam
chemicals stayed
at the bottom
color lightened
Chemical
smells like vinegar
bubbled up
overflowed when
combined
foamed up
air pressure builds
Chemical
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C12H22O11
Water
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no odor
same temp
before and
after
experiment
after it has
been shook
the sugar
falls to the
bottom
seems to be
dissolved
nothing
moves in
the test tube
Physical
NaHCO3
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no odor
when chemical is
first dropped into
tube ir is chunked
together at bottom
after shaken looks
misty and foggy
particles seem to be
rising
same temperature
Physical
smells like
vinegar
chemicals didn’t
dissolve
chemicals stayed
at bottom
got warmer
foam at top
Chemical
smells like
vinegar
warm when
reacted
foggy
misty
particles are
rising
Chemical
CaCl2
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smells like dust
when reacted
with water
temperature rose
it got foggy when
shook
foam at top
misty
Chemical
Errors: On one of the experiments I forgot to put down my glasses. May have spilled something that we
didn’t see spill out. May have messed up on measuring out of graduated cylinder.