Research:
1) (a) Alternate motion sensors & energy-saving lights
(b) Dimmer the lights when these places are not in use.
(a) & (b) are for places like corridors, toilets & staircase exits.
How do motion sensor work??
There are many different ways to create a motion sensor. For example:
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It is common for stores to have a beam of light crossing the room near the door, and a photosensor on the
other side of the room. When a customer breaks the beam, the photosensor detects the change in the
amount of light and rings a bell.
Many grocery stores have automatic door openers that use a very simple form of radar to detect when
someone passes near the door. The box above the door sends out a burst of microwave radio energy and
waits for the reflected energy to bounce back. When a person moves into the field of microwave energy, it
changes the amount of reflected energy or the time it takes for the reflection to arrive, and the box opens the
door. Since these devices use radar, they often set off radar detectors.
The same thing can be done with ultrasonic sound waves, bouncing them off a target and waiting for the
echo.
All of these are active sensors. They inject energy (light, microwaves orsound) into the environment in order to detect
a change of some sort.
Motion sensor lights, like the lights on this building, detect infrared energy.
The "motion sensing" feature on most lights (and security systems) is a passive system that detects infrared energy.
These sensors are therefore known as PIR (passive infrared) detectors or pyroelectric sensors. In order to make a
sensor that can detect a human being, you need to make the sensor sensitive to the temperature of a human body.
Humans, having a skin temperature of about 93 degrees F, radiat infrared energy with a wavelength between 9 and
10 micrometers. Therefore, the sensors are typically sensitive in the range of 8 to 12 micrometers.
The devices themselves are simple electronic components not unlike a photosensor. The infrared light
bumps electrons off a substrate, and these electrons can be detected and amplified into a signal.
You have probably noticed that your light is sensitive to motion, but not to a person who is standing still.
That's because the electronics package attached to the sensor is looking for a fairly rapid change in the
amount of infrared energy it is seeing. When a person walks by, the amount of infrared energy in the field of
view changes rapidly and is easily detected. You do not want the sensor detecting slower changes, like the
sidewalk cooling off at night.
Your motion sensing light has a wide field of view because of the lens covering the sensor. Infrared energy
is a form of light, so you can focus and bend it with plastic lenses. But it's not like there is a 2-D array of
sensors in there. There is a single (or sometimes two) sensors inside looking for changes in infrared energy.
If you have a burglar alarm with motion sensors, you may have noticed that the motion sensors cannot
"see" you when you are outside looking through a window. That is because glass is not very transparent to
infrared energy. This, by the way, is the basis of a greenhouse. Light passes through the glass into the
greenhouse and heats things up inside the greenhouse. The glass is then opaque to the infrared energy
these heated things are emitting, so the heat is trapped inside the greenhouse. It makes sense that a
motion detector sensitive to infrared energy cannot see through glass windows.
** Something Extra: Solar Halogen Motion Light
 Specifications:
The Solar Halogen Motion Light turns on automatically when it detects movement, so guests won't have to
walk up to a dark home. Best of all, it's powered by the sun, so you can place one anywhere around your
house, and you won't need to run an unsightly power cord to the light.
Set the solar panel up on your roof or a high, sunlit wall. The sun will charge the internal solar batteries that
power the motion-sensor light, which can be mounted up to 15 feet away, thanks to the included cord that
connects it to the solar panel. When it detects movement, this solar-powered motion-sensor light will turn on
instantly, staying on for the length of time you specify.
 Some customer’s feedback:
Ariel, Chandler, AZ: "it works and it's bright enough"
Jerry, Hay River, NT: "I personally haven't used the lights but bought them as Christmas Presents.
Imagine how useful Solar Motion Sensor Lights would be if you were camping, or out at the cabin
with no power. I think they would be a great Christmas gift!”
 Website: http://www.smarthome.com/740123.html
2) Energy Saving Appliance for the pantry.
** Brand as example: Energy STAR
ENERGY STAR qualified refrigerators require about half as much energy as models manufactured before
1993. ENERGY STAR qualified refrigerators provide energy savings without sacrificing the features you
want.
Earning the ENERGY STAR
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ENERGY STAR qualified refrigerator models use high efficiency compressors, improved insulation, and
more precise temperature and defrost mechanisms to improve energy efficiency.
ENERGY STAR qualified refrigerator models use at least 20% less energy than required by current federal
standards and 40% less energy than the conventional models sold in 2001.
Many ENERGY STAR qualified refrigerator models include automatic ice-maker and through-the-door ice
dispensers. Qualified models are also available with top, bottom, and side-by-side freezers.
ENERGY STAR qualified freezer models use at least 10% less energy than required by current federal
standards. Qualified freezer models are available in three configurations:
o upright freezers with automatic defrost
o upright freezers with manual defrost
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o chest freezers with manual defrost only
ENERGY STAR compact refrigerators and freezers use at least 20% less energy than required by current
federal standards. Compacts are models with volumes less than 7.75 cubic feet.
Saving energy prevents pollution. In most households, the refrigerator is the single biggest energy
consuming kitchen appliance. Replacing a refrigerator bought in 1990 with a new ENERGY STAR qualified
model would save enough energy to light the average household for nearly four months.
You may also be interested to know that you can reduce the amount of energy your refrigerator or freezer
uses, whether with a standard or an ENERGY STAR qualified model:
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Position your refrigerator away from a heat source such as an oven, a dishwasher, or direct sunlight from a
window.
To allow air to circulate around the condenser coils, leave a space between the wall or cabinets and the
refrigerator or freezer and keep the coils clean.
Make sure the door seals are airtight.
Keep your refrigerator between 35 and 38 degrees Fahrenheit and your freezer at 0 degrees Fahrenheit.
Minimize the amount of time the refrigerator door is open.
Recycle older or second refrigerators.
3) Educate the employees on energy & water saving methods
Evidence:
8 June 2008
Research from Worcester Bosch Group has found the majority of people expect the Government to keep us informed
on energy saving issues.
The research shows 70 per cent of us want more education when it comes to things like saving energy,
with 85 per cent expecting the Government to keep us informed.
The study also showed the most popular methods of going green' were recycling, using energy efficient
light bulbs and loft insulation.
Fifty-three per cent of people also turned their washing machines to 30 degrees, while a quarter of us use
more public transport.
Neil Schofield, head of sustainable development at Worcester said: "Whilst we are looking to the
Government to keep us informed, I think it is important to remember there are many businesses in the UK
who have concern for the environment at the heart of their business values."
4) Saving Water & Light campaign
 Give the person/department who save the most electricity a prize (eg.Cash; Electronics)
 Put the screansaver picture on methods to save electricity.
5) To give the people in the company a certain limit of electricity, if it is too much, the employees will pay for
the extras from their own pocket. (goes either by a whole group or a single employee)
6) Use a toilet dam for water that goes through the overflowing tube.
How does the toilet works: http://www.howstuffworks.com/toilet3.htm (so that people are able to see which
part & how are they saved)
Products that can be used: http://amconservationgroup.com/catalog.aspx?catid=148
7) Use a “green” PC
More information:
Dell has this week taken another step towards realising its dream of becoming the world's 'greenest' IT firm
with the launch of its first desktop computer that is fully compliant with the latest Energy Star efficiency
standard.
The company said the Inspiron 531 is is compliant with the new Energy Star 4.0 specifications and as such
has an 80 percent efficient power supply and comes pre-configured to go into low power sleep mode after
just 15 minutes of inactivity.
Karen Plotkin, director of consumer desktop marketing, said the new model would appeal to both
environmentally and cost-conscious consumers, allowing them "reduce their carbon footprint while also
reducing their electric bills".
The company added that even the computer's manual comes in forest friendly paperless format while
customers who purchase the machine are also being invited to further offset their emissions by joining
Dell's "Plant a tree for me" program
Also some outer parts of the PC uses natural materials.
8) Zero-Watt computer,
Information:
It is a No-Power use when is stand-by. Computer monitors in standby mode will soon save far more
energy. Fujitsu Siemens Computers has developed the world’s first monitor that requires no electricity at all
in idle mode. The innovation is based on a new switch in the monitor that shuts it down entirely when the
computer signal is absent and turns it on again when the signal reappears. With this switch, the display
saves several euros per year in power costs. Beginning in the summer of 2008, this “zero-watt monitor” will
be sold for the price of a conventional monitor.
Fujitsu Siemens Website: http://www.fujitsu-siemens.com/
9) Stop the air-con at the certain time (eg. 7p.m.)
 Timer
10) Control the flow of the tap water using a resistor.
** Some other ideas: http://www.freepatentsonline.com/REF5125623.html
11) Solar Panels.
Some products: http://www.greenhome.com/products/yard_and_garden/solar_power/
12) Change the spotlight in the lobby to an energy saving one. Also the PLC light bulbs which is also in the
lobby.
Ecobulb is one of the best energy saing bulbs in Australia
Customer testimonials: http://www.ecobulb.com/nz/Media_Consumers.htm
Technical Specifications:
Rated Wattage:
15W Ecobulb
Replaces:
20W Ecobulb
15W Mini-Downlight
60W and 75W ordinary 100W ordinary bulbs
bulbs
50W Halogen
Light Output:
950 lumens
(most energy savers =
600-800)
1,350 lumens
(most energy savers =
900-1,200)
900 lumens
(without reflector)
Correlated Colour
Temperature:
2,700K
2,700K
2,700K
Average service life:
10,000hr (10x longer)
(most energy savers
= 5-6x longer)
10,000hr (10x longer)
(most energy savers =
5-6x longer)
10,000hr bulb (10x
longer)
30,000hr ballast
Power Factor:
0.93 (most energy
savers 0.55)
0.93 (most energy
savers 0.55)
0.93 (most energy savers
0.55)
Total Harmonic
Distortion:
30% (most energy
savers 130%)
30% (most energy
savers 130%)
30% (most energy savers
130%)
Length:
112mm
118mm
99mm
Diameter:
50mm
64mm
89mm (Outer)
51mm (Inner)
Suitable for high
switching areas:
Yes
Yes
Yes
Fits bayonet and
screw fittings:
Yes
Yes
Quick release
Suitable for
downlights:
Yes
Yes
Yes
Suitable for dimmers: No
No
No
Mercury Content
1.1mg
1.4mg
1.0mg
Recyclable Paper
Packaging
Yes
Yes
Yes
Every bulb operated
for 2hrs before
shipping
Yes
Yes
Yes
Guarantee
2 years
2 years
2 years
13) Exit signs if are on throughout the day, use energy saving ones.
More Information:
Exit signs operate 24 hours per day. Older ones can consume over 350 kilowatt-hours (kwh) and cost
$28.00 each to operate annually and require frequent maintenance due to their short bulb life.
Environmentally friendly Light-Emitting Diode (LED) exit lighting save money and help protect the
environment through energy efficiency. Exit signs using LED's typically use over 10 times less energy than
those with incandescent bulbs and cost less than $4.00 annually to operate. An added benefit: LED's can
last up to 10 years with no bulb change-outs. An incandescent bulb may need to be replaced up to 30 times
to equal the lamp life of one LED bulb. We offer LED Retrofit Kits that convert incandescent exit signs into
long life, energy and money saving ones and new LED Exit Fixtures. Payback time for converting
incandescent exit sign fixtures to LED can be as little as six months.
Fixture, LED-Features/Benefits:
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All units damp location listed, UL and ETL listed
UL94 V-O injection molded construction
Dual exit plates are a standard feature
90 minutes run time on all battery back-up units
120 or 277 VAC operation
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LED lamp life of 25 years
Comes with a mounting canopy for ceiling or wall mount applications
Reduced maintenance cost
Short pay back period
Energy Efficient
2 Watts per pair/fixture (Red), 4 Watts (Green)
Annual carbon dioxide (CO2) pollution reduction 500 lbs.
13) Using the olden days kind of tap. So that it has a fixed time limit. Or shorten the time limit of the
automatic tap.