SCIENCE EOG TOP 10 REVIEW BOOKLET
How Your Book Should Look!
1) Decorative Cover
2) Answers for Unit 1: Earth’s History
3) Answers for Unit 2: Hydrosphere
4) Answers for Unit 3: Chemistry
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Labeled Periodic Table of Elements (get from teacher)
5) Answers for Unit 4: Cell Biology
6) Answers for Unit 5: Ecology
Directions:
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This is an extremely important review project and it will count as a major project grade!
Use the “See 3 Before Me” Method…as in use your notes, the textbook, and even your peers before you tell the
teacher you can’t find the answer!
You will complete EVERY question on the review guide! Do them in order, and number them!
You will work on your booklet in class & at home, so bring it back and forth!
Due Date: The Day of the Science EOG…May 23rd
Proposed Distribution of Questions:
Matter: Properties and Change - 14–16%
Energy Conservation and Transfer - 10–12%
Earth Systems, Structures, and Processes - 13–15%
Earth History - 11–13%
Structure and Function of Living Organisms - 19–23%
Ecosystems - 9–11%
Evolution and Genetics - 11–13%
Molecular Biology - 8–10%
Unit 1: Earth’s History: Sections A & B in the Textbook
1) Draw a diagram to show the Law of Superposition that includes both layers and fossils:
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Label the layers from youngest to oldest
Explain, using the fossils, both absolute & relative age
2) Draw a labeled picture of the 4 main layers of Earth:
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Explain what caused the Earth’s interior to be separated into 4 main layers.
3) How do ice cores, tree rings & index fossils provide valuable information about the past?
4) Write 3 bullet points that state evidence that Pangaea once existed and the continents have since drifted to their present
location.
5) Analyze the diagram above:
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Identify the letter that represents each of the following features:
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Intrusion:
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Unconformity:
- Fault:
Explain what affect these physical features would have on interpreting the events of the Geologic Time Scale.
6) Write the following sentences in your book, but fill in the blanks:
The lithosphere is broken into many pieces of rock called ______________ ___________ that fit together like giant pieces of a
___________________. The lithosphere is really the _______________ & solid upper portion of the _______________ together.
The tectonic plates move because of _________________ _________________circling in the liquid portion of the mantle below
the lithosphere called the _________________________. The movement causes a lot of natural disasters such as
_____________________________ or __________________ _____________________ to occur. There are several types of plate
movement. A _________________ boundary occurs when 2 plates move away from each other. A _________________
boundary occurs when 2 plates scrape past each other. A __________________ boundary occurs when 2 plates collide, and
sometimes at these boundaries one plate can sink beneath the other which is known as ______________________.
7) Draw a 4-square diagram with the definition and an example for each of the 4 Principles of Natural Selection (Think about
Finding Nemo)
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Overproduction, Variation, Adaptation, Selection
8) Describe how each of the following is Evidence for Evolution:
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Fossils, Comparative Anatomy (homologous, analogous, vestigial), embryology, genetic similarity (DNA)
9) Re-write the following statement that describes the root cause of evolution: genetic variation leads to adaptation: genes
mutate causing variations  those with the best variations of traits are selected to survive  populations evolve
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How are geologic evolution and biological evolution linked?
10) Create a T-chart that gives examples of renewable & non-renewable resources
Unit 2: Hydrosphere: Section C in the textbook
1) Draw a pie chart to show what percentage of Earth is saltwater and what percentage of Earth is freshwater.
 Where is MOST of the freshwater on Earth found?
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Draw a diagram of the water cycle and include the following things labeled: precipitation, condensation,
transpiration, evaporation, run-off, accumulation, percolation, groundwater, water table, aquifer, spring, well.
2) Draw and label something that is permeable and something that is impermeable.
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Why is permeable rock necessary for an aquifer to form?
3) Make a vocabulary table for the following properties of water: cohesion, adhesion, polarity, buoyancy, universal solvent,
salinity.
Word
Definition
Picture or Example
4) Create a Venn Diagram for point source pollution and non-point source pollution.
 Give at least 2 examples of each type of water pollution within the Venn Diagram.
5) Draw the 3 life zones in the ocean and include:
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Write or draw examples of life forms found there
How do upwelling and downwelling affect ocean life in these zones?
6) Copy the following sentences into your booklet and fill in the blanks:
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An _______________ is when salt water from the ocean mixes with __________________ from a river.
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The 3 main gases found dissolved in the ocean are _________, _________ & ________.
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Sunlight only penetrates so far through the water, so some organisms use the process of
_____________________ rather than photosynthesis to make energy.
7) What 3 things happen the deeper you go into the ocean?
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How do we use technology to overcome these challenges?
What have we gained by using technology to explore the ocean?
8) Explain the process of eutrophication – what causes it, what happens during the process & what is the outcome?
9) Describe the steps our wastewater goes through to be cleaned.
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Wastewater treatment was established as a part of the Clean Water Act in the 1970’s. Doing our part to take care
of Earth is known as ________________________.
10) Match the following water quality indicators with the correct definition AND copy the indicators and their definitions into
your book:
_____ 1. Temperature
a. The amount of dissolved oxygen in the water
_____ 2. Turbidity
b. An element that can be found in the water that is toxic to humans when they eat
contaminated fish
_____ 3. Bio-indicators
c. Tells you how acidic the water is
_____ 4. pH
d. If the water is too hot or too cold, it will harm or kill the living things in the water
_____ 5. Nutrients
e. This indicator is usually good but if there is too much in the water it can become toxic
_____ 6. Dissolved Oxygen
f. The measure of how cloudy the water is due to stuff in it
_____ 7. Mercury
_____ 8. Coliform
g. These are specific animals that live in the water that can indicate if the water is healthy or
not
h. Indicates the presence of fecal matter (poop)
Unit 3: Chemistry: Section D in the Textbook
1) Define what an atom is. Then draw an atom and label its parts and the charge for each of those parts.
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Proton
Electron
Neutron
2) What is the difference between an element, compound & mixture? Give an example of each.
3) Draw the element box for Oxygen as it appears on the Periodic Table. Label and explain what information each of the following
gives you: Atomic Number, Atomic Mass, and Element Symbol
4) Get a copy of the Periodic Table from your teacher, and then complete the following:
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Color or label the 3 main sections: Metals, Metalloids, and Non-metals and create a key for the colors you use
Label each of the following groups at the top of the column that they are in: Alkali metals, Alkaline Metals, Transition
metals, Halogens, Noble gases
If elements are in the same group (column) what does that tell you about them?
5) Write a short explanation about the “cheater” way to find the # of valence electrons an element has, and what valence
electrons have to do with elements bonding?
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Compare and contrast an ionic bond and a covalent bond
6) Remember: The Law of Conservation of Matter/Mass is the key to balancing chemical equations. More simply stated, “What
goes in, must come out.”
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How will you know when an EOG question is testing your knowledge of this law? Give an example of how this question
might be worded.
7) Each element on the Periodic Table has it’s own unique set of properties. Copy the following chart into your notes and then fill
in the blank columns.
Property
Physical or Chemical
Definition
Specific Heat
Density
Malleability
Solubility
Electrical Conductivity
Chemical Reactivity
Flammability
Boiling Point
Melting Point
8) How do you know when a chemical reaction (chemical change) has occurred? List the 5 pieces of evidence we used in class as
confirmation that a chemical change had happened over a physical change.
9) Chemical reactions occur at different rates. What affect do the following have on the rate of a reaction?
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Concentration of the reactants:
Temperature:
Surface area of solids:
Catalyst:
Inhibitor:
10) Some chemicals are natural and some are synthetic, what is the difference?
Unit 4: Life Sciences – Cell Biology: Section E in textbook
1) List the 4 characteristics of living things.
2) What is the difference between a unicellular and multicellular organism? What about the difference between a
eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell? Which usually goes with which?
3) Complete the chart with each of the 9 organelles (nucleus, cell membrane, vacuole, lysosome, mitochondria, cytoplasm,
endoplasmic reticulum, golgi body, ribosome).
Name of Organelle
Example: Nucleus
Function of Organelle
Controls the cell and contains
its genetic material (DNA)
4) Advanced cellular processes can be referred to as STERNGRR – identify the process each letter represents as well as an
example of each of these processes
5) Use the gummy bear demonstration to explain what osmosis, diffusion, equilibrium & concentration are.
6) What is a pathogen?
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Copy and complete the chart on the top of the next page for the 4 types of pathogens.
Pathogen:
Characteristics:
Diseases it causes:
(at least 2 examples!)
Treatment
Fungi
Virus
Bacteria
Parasite
7) What does it mean when pathogens are referred to as contagions? What about mutagens?
8) What is the difference between a vector and a carrier?
9) What is the difference between an epidemic & pandemic?
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Can you give an example of each from any point in history?
10) List 3 examples and 3 careers associated with the field of biotechnology.
Unit 5: Life Sciences – Ecology: Section B in textbook
Choose a specific ecosystem to focus on (example: rainforest, ocean, etc) and answer all of the following questions with that
ecosystem in mind:
1) Draw an energy pyramid:
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Label or list producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary consumers.
Label where the most energy vs. the least energy is found based on the “Rule of 10”
2) Provide examples of the following within your ecosystem:
Biotic factorAbiotic factorAutotrophHeterotrophPopulationNiche of a specific organismDensity-dependent limiting factorDensity-independent limiting factorPredator/prey relationshipCooperationCompetitionParasitismMutualismCommensalismExample of a connection between an aquatic & terrestrial food chain3) How does energy move through an ecosystem vs. how matter moves through an ecosystem?
4) Draw and label the steps of the nitrogen cycle.
5) Draw and label the steps of the carbon cycle.