CHAPTER 5.3b-5.4 READING GUIDE:
Name: ____________________________
The Sleep and Waking Cycle (continued)/The World of Dreams
Problems in the Night: Sleep Disorders (page 198)
1a) Summarize insomnia’s characteristics:
Figure 5.12: What does the
graph illustrate about the
relationship between
insomnia and the four
problems? _____________
______________________
______________________
______________________
1b) Summarize its prevalence:
1c) Summarize its causes:
Figure 5.13: Why is it
dangerous to use sleep
medication regularly?
___________________
___________________
1d) Summarize its treatment:
2a) Summarize the characteristics of sleep apnea:
2b) Summarize its treatment:
Figure 5.14: What type of
sleep do you experience
night terrors and sleepwalking? _______________
______ When do nightmares
occur? _________________
3a) Summarize the characteristics of nightmares:
3b) What might persistent nightmares reflect? How can this be treated? Otherwise?
4a) Summarize the characteristics of night terrors:
4b) Do they have any significance? What does this mean in terms of treatment?
5. Summarize somnambulism (including what is and isn’t a cause):
Reality Check: What is
the reality about
waking sleepwalkers?
___________________
___________________
___________________
The World of Dreams
1. What have recent finding shown regarding dreams and REM sleep?
What is the difference though?
2. Describe the content of most dreams. Who do we typically dream
about?
Reality Check: Why is this dream
myth a misconception?
__________________________
__________________________
Figure 5.15: How many of the 25
dream themes can you remember
vividly? _________ Which is the
scariest? ____________________
3. How does Freud’s idea of day residue reflect the fact that we dream about our own lives? What does day
residue, along with the incorporation into our dreams of external stimuli show us?
4. How do Western and non-Western cultures view dreams differently? What accounts for variations in dream
content?
5. Why did Freud believe that the wish-fulfilling content that he proclaimed was the principal purpose of
dreams was not always obvious? If it is easy to understand the surface-level manifest content of a dream, why
did he think it was difficult to decipher the latent content?
6. What are the main ideas behind Rosalind Cartwright’s cognitive, problem-solving view? What do critics say
about it?
7. What are the main ideas behind J. Allan Hobson’s activation-synthesis model?
How is this model different from those of Freud and Cartwright? What do
critics say about it?
Figure 5.16: What is one
word you can think of to
associate with each of the
three theories of dreaming
discussed?
Freud’s: ______________
Cartwright’s: __________
Hobson’s: _____________