Name:
Date:
Mod:
Guided Notes: Tokugawa Shoguns
Vocab to know
•
_________________________: hereditary military dictators of Japan from 1192 to 1867. Shoguns
were appointed by the emperor. The emperor has power similar the queen of England today whereas
the Shogun has power similar to the Prime Minister.
•
_________________________: were the powerful territorial lords who ruled most of the country from
their vast, hereditary land holdings. Subordinate only to the shogun, daimyo were the most powerful
feudal rulers from the 10th century to the middle 19th century in Japan.
•
_________________________: a feudal Japanese military government which existed between 1600
and 1868
•
_________________________: a system for structuring society around lords who lend out their land to
peasants in exchange for food and labor.
Before the Shoguns
•
After 100 years of fighting, a series of three men established themselves as overlords of Japan
•
Credited with __________________________ the feudal system in Japan.
Oba Nobunaga
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
Tokugawa Ieysau
Oda Nobunaga
•
Captured the city of Kyoto through a series of conquests and alliances.
•
This ended the Ashikaga shogunate and __________________ years of war.
•
Before defeating all his rivals, however, he was wounded and eventually committed suicide.
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
•
Ruled after the death of Oda.
•
Consolidated power by
•
•
defeating major daimyo in battle
•
forcing others to pledge loyalty
•
Taking away lands and therefore taking away power.
Attempted to invade _______________________, but failed and died.
Tokugawa Ieysau
•
Reigned after Yoshi.
•
Moved the capital to Tokyo.
•
Established the Tokugawa Shogunate.
Tokugawa Rule
•
was a feudal Japanese ___________________________ government
•
The heads of government were the shoguns and each was a member of the Tokugawa clan.
•
Within each domain, the ________________________ governed as an almost absolute ruler.
•
Local peasants paid taxes to support the daimyo and the samurai that served him.
Social Structure
•
Very rigid, no __________________________.
•
The class you’re born into is the class you stay.
.s
.
.
Maintaining Control
•
Tokugawa kept the daimyos in check to stay in power:
•
___________________________ alliances.
•
Forced to spend every other year in Tokyo.
•
Turned warriors into courtiers.
•
Tokyo was expensive keeping daimyo ___________________________ in check.
•
Strong central government gave ________________ years of stability to Japan.
•
And like China, Japan wanted to end contact with Europeans. Became isolationists.
But why?
The Portuguese…again
•
•
Traders brought with them muskets and _________________________________.
•
Samurai disliked muskets b/c it didn’t need skill
•
Jesuits were seen as a threat to rulers due to allegiance to the ______________________.
The response?
•
Kick the Portuguese out
•
________________________ international trade
•
Prohibit traveling abroad.
__________________________ geography allowed Japan to stay isolated.
End of Isolationism
The Americans want in
•
In 1853, President Millard Fillmore sent Commodore Matthew Perry to Japan to negotiate a treaty that
would guarantee the safety of U.S. sailors and open ______________________ for trade.
•
Led to the Treaty of Kanagawa.
•
•
Opened ______________ ports
•
Were allowed to est. consulates
Soon after, other Europeans countries signed similar treaties.
The End of the Shoguns
•
Opening up to the West led to major disagreements and eventually ___________________________
War.
•
The Tokugawa Shogunate came to an official end in ____________________, with the resignation of
the 15th Tokugawa Shogun.
•
Began the "restoration" of imperial rule.
•
Despite this, the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate brought Japan the longest period of peace
and stability in its history, lasting over 200 years.