ANSWER KEY Nucleic Acid and DNA Replication Outline Notes
• Deoxyribonucleic Acid
– CONTROL cells activities
– Contains organism’s TRAITS
– Contains MESSAGES to produce PROTEINS
PHOSPHATE
NITROGEN CONTAINING BASE
DEOXYRIBOSE SUGAR
• The ladder is twisted forming a
_________DOUBLE HELIX______________
• ADENINE bonds with THYMINE
• CYTOSINE bonds with GUANINE

RNA
PHOSPHATE
NITROGEN
CONTAINING BASE
RIBOSE
SUGAR
ADENINE
GUANINE
URACIL
CYTOSINE

DNA Replication
During MITOSIS- chromosomes (DNA) are copied (replicated)
• Every cell gets a COMPLETE SET of chromosomes
• REPLICATION- process in which DNA is copied
Steps to DNA Replication
• Steps to DNA replication
– 1. Chemical bonds split between base pairs using the enzyme HELICASE DNA is
UNZIPPED
– 2. Free NUCLEOTIDES pair up with complementary base on DNA strands. Each original strand is called a TEMPLATE (PARENT STRAND).
– 3 SUGARS and PHOSPHATES bond between free nucleotides. Enzyme DNA polymerase binds the two strands together.
– 4. Result is 2 identical molecules of DNA. Each new molecule consists of _ONE OLD ONE and one NEW COMPLEMENTARY ONE

What is the purpose of DNA?
A) manufactures proteins
B) reduces activation energy
C) stores hereditary information
D) to aid in facilitated diffusion
During DNA replication, what would be the complementary strand to the original
DNA segment of GCTAAT?
A) CGATTA
B) GGATTA
C) GGAUUA
D) GGUTTU
Which statement below BEST summarizes the role of the DNA molecule in cells?
A) guides cell division
B) protects cells from infection
C) provides the instructions for making proteins
D) regulates the chemical processes that provide the cell with energy

In the illustration, adenine always pairs with
A) alanine.
B) cytosine.
C) guanine.
D) thymine.