Mid-Term Review – Fall
________ / 50 Classwork
Name_________________________________________________________Date________________Period__________
Scientific Method Review – use the graph to answer the following questions.
1. What is the dependent variable?
_________________________
2. What is the independent variable?
_________________________
3. What problem (question) might the scientists have been investigating?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
4. What conclusion can be drawn from this graph? __________________
___________________________________________________________
5. What is your explanation from this data? What is the explanation called?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Measurements
6. What system of measurements do scientists use?
7.
m = ____________________
Kg = ___________________
mL = ___________________
m3 = ___________________
s = ___________________
___________________________________
and measures __________________________
and measures __________________________
and measures __________________________
and measures __________________________
and measures __________________________
8. Divisions of Earth Science:





Branch
_____Astronomy_________
_______________________
What does the branch study?
__________Space and stars______________________
_____________________________________________
_________________________
_________________________________________________
_______________________
______________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
Minerals
9. What characteristics (properties) do we use to study minerals? List and describe each.
Property
Description
10. What mineral property is the least reliable when identifying minerals? Why? ________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
11. Match the luster to the rock:
 _______ Gold
 _______ Quartz Crystal
 _______ Coal
a. dull
b. metallic
c. Vitreous (Glassy)
Igneous Rocks
12. An intrusive igneous rock has cooled _________________ (fast/slow) and has _______________ (large/small) crystal
grain size. An extrusive igneous rock has cooled ___________________ (fast/slow) and has _______________________
(large/small) crystal grain size.
Sedimentary Rocks
13. Explain the differences between clastic and chemical sedimentary rocks: ____________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
14. What roles do water play in the formation of sedimentary rocks? __________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
15. What settles at the bottom of water first: heavy or light sediments?
________________________________
16. List the steps of forming a sedimentary rock in order and describe each step (think of the flow-map)
Name of step
Description of Step
(Lithification step 1) =
(Lithification step 2) =
Sedimentary Environments
17. Give one environment that can produce conglomerate:
_______________________________________
18. Give two environments that can produce sandstone:
_______________________________________
19. Give two environments that can produce siltstone:
_______________________________________
20. Where does limestone come from? __________________________________________________________________
21. Explain what porosity is: ___________________________________________________________________________
22. Draw a river meander. Label the following: where deposition occurs, where erosion occurs, the point bar, and cut
bank.
23. Define the following:
 Cross Bedding: _______________________________________________________________________________
 Graded Bedding: _____________________________________________________________________________
Metamorphic Rocks
24. Define the following:
 Contact Metamorphism: _______________________________________________________________________
 Regional Metamorphism: ______________________________________________________________________
25. Fill in the blanks with the correct parent and metamorphic rocks:
Parent Rock
Metamorphic Rock
 Shale
=
_______________________________
 ________________
=
Gneiss
 Limestone
=
_______________________________
26. List four examples of common rocks found in each category:
Type of Rock
4 examples
Igneous
Granite ,
Sedimentary
Sandstone ,
Metamorphic
Marble ,
Erosion
27. What size sediments can wind move? Water?
28. List two types of land forms that wind creates:
29. List two types of land forms that water creates:
_____________________
_______________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Weathering
30. For each cause listed, state whether it is a caused by physical or chemical weathering. Then, explain how it affects
weathering.
Cause
Physical, Chemical or Both Explanation
Temperature
Pressure
Water
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Acid Rain
You are not done, there is more on the back! 
Rock Cycle – 15 points
Draw and label the rock cycle. Be sure to define the following terms (and include them in your rock cycle) also include
the three types of rocks
 Weathering: _________________________________________________________________________________
 Erosion: ____________________________________________________________________________________
 Sediments: __________________________________________________________________________________
 Deposition: __________________________________________________________________________________
 Lithification: _________________________________________________________________________________
 Metamorphism: ______________________________________________________________________________
 Melting: ____________________________________________________________________________________
 Magma: ____________________________________________________________________________________
 Crystallization: _______________________________________________________________________________
 Uplift and Exposure: __________________________________________________________________________
The Rock Cycle
This line represents the ground