Integrated Biology
Pedigree Lab
Name: _________________
A pedigree is a visual map or diagram that shows the ancestry that occurs within a
family of organisms. Pedigrees are used with horses, cats, dogs, other livestock, and
even humans to show the genetic history of a group of individuals. In humans,
pedigrees can be used to trace genetic conditions through families. Once a genetic
condition has been identified, the pedigree could shed some light on the pattern of
inheritance in the family and the likelihood of further generations acquiring the
genetic condition.
1.
Observe the pedigree chart and familiarize yourself with the symbols
used to construct pedigrees.
2.
Complete the prelab worksheet and obtain your instructor’s approval
before moving on. Instructor’s initials: _______
3.
Complete the pedigree for hemophilia and complete questions 1 and 2 of
the analysis.
4.
Complete the pedigree for brachydactly and complete questions 3, 4, 5
and 6 of the analysis.
5.
Complete the pedigree for the song “I’m my own grandpa”
Analysis:
1.
What is hemophilia? How does it affect the individual’s body?
2.
Look at the pedigree for hemophilia, which you have completed. What
patterns do you notice in the way in which it is inherited? What term is
given to diseases that are inherited in this manner?
3.
Is brachydactly inherited in the same manner as hemophilia? How do
you know?
4.
What are the symptoms of brachydactyly?
5.
Why do you suppose it is isolated in very distinct areas of a population?
6.
What do you suppose are the advantages to using pedigrees for the
geneticist?
Hemophilia:
Queen Victoria, who was undoubtedly a carrier for hemophilia, married Prince
Albert. They had nine children. They were as follows:
1.
Princess Victoria married Frederick II, Emperor of Germany. Their
offspring constituted the German royal house, plus marriages into the
royal families of Greece and Rumania. No one in this line showed
evidence of hemophilia.
2.
King Edward VII of Great Britain continued the British royal house, and
offspring married into the Norwegian royal family. No one in this line
showed evidence of hemophilia.
3.
Princess Alice married Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse. They had three
children. The first was Princess Irene who married Prince Henry of
Prussia, and they in turn had three boys, two of whom were
hemophiliacs. The second was Prince Frederick who was a hemophiliac
and did not marry. The third was Alexandra who married Nicholas II,
Tsar of Russia. They in turn had five children, four girls and a boy. The
boy had hemophilia.
4.
The next child of Queen Victoria was Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, whose
progeny intermarried with the royal houses of Greece and Yugoslavia.
No one of this line showed evidence of hemophilia.
5.
Princess Helena bore children who did not marry into royal houses.
6.
Princess Louise had no children.
7.
The children of Arthur, Duke of Connaught, intermarried with the royal
houses of Sweden and Denmark. No one of this line showed evidence of
hemophilia.
8.
Leopold, Duke of Albany, was a hemophiliac who married Princess
Helena of Waldeck. They had one daughter, Princess Alice, who married
the Earl of Athlone, and they in turn had three children, one girl and two
boys, and one of the boys was a hemophiliac.
9.
Princess Beatrice married Prince Henry of Battenberg. They had four
children. The first was Queen Ena who married Alfonse XIII, King of
Spain. They had seven children, two girls and five boys, and two of the
boys suffered from hemophilia. The second was Lord Leopold
Mountblatten who was a hemophiliac. The third was Lord Maurice
Mountblatten who also was a hemophiliac. The fourth was the Marquess
of Carisbrooke who was normal for hemophilia.
Brachydactyly:
In Pennsylvania, during the 1850’s, a very short man married a normal-sized
woman. The Pennsylvania couple had seven children. They were as follows:
1.
Lizzie was described by her descendants as being very, very short. She
married Harry, and they had two children, very short Wilson and very,
very short Mabel, as they were called within the family. Wilson married
Clara, and they in turn had two children, tiny Webster and very, very
short Grace. Tiny Webster married a reasonably tall woman, and they
had normal-sized Barbara and really little Webster. Grace married
Charles, and they had two boys, normal-sized Albert, and very short
William. Normal-sized Albert married and had two normal-sized
daughters. Very short William married and had a normal-sized daughter
and a very short boy.
2.
The second child, Carrie, was very, very short. She married Will, and
they had a normal-sized daughter, Elizabeth, and also two normal-sized
boys, Bob and George. Elizabeth married and had two girls and a boy,
all of who were normal, as were their offspring. Bob married and had
two normal-sized daughters. George married and had a boy and a girl,
both of whom were normal-sized.
3.
Jonas was very short. He married Beulah, and they had very, very short
Ethel. Ethel married and had Punky, who also was very short.
4.
The fourth child, Effie, was very, very short. She married Harry, but
they had not children.
5.
Uncle Brother, as he was known within the family, was a normal-sized
man. He married Grace, and they had no children.
6.
Sallie was very, very short. She married George, and they had one child,
George who was very short. George married and had two normal-sized
daughters. They also married and had normal-sized offspring.
7.
Mamie was a normal-sized woman who never married.
“I’m My Own Grandpa”
Written by Dwight Latham & Moe Jaffe, ca 1947
Many, many years ago when I was twenty-three, I got married
to a widow who was pretty as could be. This widow had a
grown-up daughter who had hair of red. My father fell in love
with her, and soon the two were wed.
This made my dad my son-in-law and changed my very life.
My daughter was my mother, for she was my father's wife.
To complicate the matters worse, although it brought me joy
I soon became the father of a bouncing baby boy.
My little baby then became a brother-in-law to dad, and so
became my uncle, though it made me mad. For if he was my
uncle, then that also made him brother to the widow's grownup daughter who, of course, was my stepmother.
Father's wife then had a son, who kept them on the run, and he
became my grandson, for he was my daughter's son. My wife
is now my mother's mother and it makes me blue. Because,
although she is my wife, she’s my grandmother too.
If my wife is my grandmother, then I am her grandchild.
And every time I think of it, it simply drives me wild. For
now I have become the strangest case you ever saw. As the
husband of my grandmother, I am my own grandpa!
CHORUS:
I'm my own grandpa! I'm my own grandpa!
It sounds funny, I know, but it really is so!
Oh, I'm my own grandpa!