Primary Effects
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Tephra
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Pyroclastic flows
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Lava flows
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Volcanic gases
When do volcanic events become a
hazard?
Secondary effects

Lahars

Flooding

Tsunamis

Volcanic landslides

Climate change
Geog 3: Impact of Volcanic
Activity.
Volcanic prediction methods

Sheet 4

Remote sensing
Key terms

Seismicity
Volcanic explosivity Index (VEI)

Geophysical
Decade volcano

Hydrology

Gas

Ground deformation.
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Case Studies – need lots of detail
including

Date / Time/location
Size & nature of hazard
People /economy affected
Immediate impacts
Long term impacts
How was the hazard managed?
The future for the area.