What are Viruses? Answer Key
1.
A virus exhibits all of the characteristics of life.
a True
b False
2.
What is the protein coat called that covers the genetic material of a virus?
a a cell wall
b a cell membrane
c a capsid
d a dermal layer
3.
What kind of genetic material is found in different types of viruses?
a DNA only
b RNA only
c Both DNA and RNA
d Nucleosomes
4.
What is the enzyme called that allows viral genetic material to incorporate itself
with the host's genetic material?
a DNA polymerase
b integrase
c cellulase
d RNA transcriptase
5.
HIV is the virus that causes the AIDS disease. It is a special kind of virus because it
replicates itself in a backwards fashion compared to other viruses. Why kind of virus
is HIV considered because of this behavior?
a HIV is a retrovirus.
b HIV is a hanta virus.
c HIV is a temporovirus.
d HIV is a latent virus
6.
How does a virus replicate itself by using the lytic cycle?
During the lytic cycle, the phage first injects its DNA into the
cytoplasm of the host cell. Then, the DNA directs the synthesis of new
phages. The cell then lyses and releases the new viruses into the
environment. These phages then find and infect additional bacterial cells.
7.
How does a virus replicate itself using the lysogenic cycle?
During the lysogenic cycle, the phage injects its DNA into the
cytoplasm of the host cell. The phage DNA then integrates itself into the
genetic code of the host chromosomes. When the cell divides, the viral
DNA is copied. Here, it lays dormant until conditions call for it to activate
and create new phases. When the cell lyses, the phages are released into
the environment to infect additional host cells.
8.
What is a prion?
a A prion is a cure for an infectious disease.
b A prion is a protein that directly causes a disease.
c A prion is a piece of DNA that is used to create more viruses.
d A prion is a covering that surrounds the genetic material of a virus.
9.
A vaccination is an inoculation that causes the immune system to build up resistance
to a disease.
10.
Which of these is required for a bacteriophage to infect a bacterial cell?
a There needs to be a tolerable temperature in the environment.
b The bacterial cell needs to have the proper receptor proteins on its
surface.
c The bacteriophage needs to have been created within the previous 24 hours.
There needs to be adequate energy stored within the bacteriophage for it to inject
its genetic material.