PROJECT PROFILE OF VERMI COMPOST
1. INTRODUCTION
The indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers,
pesticides in the crop production have created serious
problems of soil health, water quality & hazard to
human being, for few toxic chemical residues from
food, fruits & vegetables has come in the light in the
food chain.
What is organic farming
Organic farming is a holistic approach to
sustainable production that can made use of organic
manures, compost, bio fertiliser & various organic that
replace the chemicals fertilizers & pesticides used
heavily in modern farming.
Principles of organic farming
To maintain the soil fertility
Plant protection organically
Nutrient recycling
Nutrient addition within the system
Conservation tillage &
Protective irrigation
Why organic
Decline in nutrient use efficiency
Decline in total food productivity
57% degradation of natural resources
Increasing population
2.
MARKET POTENTIAL
It is well known the importance of earthworms in
agriculture. Earthworms play an important role in
improving the soil properties physically, chemically and
biologically, which are necessary for obtaining better
crop yields.
The earthworms’ farming is not a new technology
as it has a long history, however, it was not adopted
scientifically. But not it becomes very essential to adopt
earthworm farming scientifically for economic point of
view as well as for stability & sustainability in agricultural
production. Under improper intensive farming &
technologies the use of chemical fertilizers and
pesticides in the soil is increasing. The soil becomes
dead and unproductive as a result the production
level goes on decreasing. Organic farming in the form
of Vermi compost obtained from the earthworms is one
way to overcome the problems of low productivity. The
earthworms enhance the decomposition rate of
organic waste and improve the biological activities in
the soil.
Due to number of advantages as discuss above
the farmer has prefer to use of Vermi compost as a
substitutes of chemical fertilizers. It has good market
potential due to increased popularity in recent years
among the farmers to use as fertilizers.
3. PRODUCT AND ITS USEAGE
Role of compost in sustainable agriculture Physical
effects
Improving soil structure, texture & tilth. Sandy
soils become more compact & clayey soil
becomes more open. Water holding capacity
of the soil increases.
Chemical effects
Compost adds major plant nutrients like
nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium &
magnesium
In organic combination in available forms to
soil.
It also provides important micro-nutrients like
iron, sulphur, manganese, copper molybdenum
etc. essential for plant growths in small mount.
Humid
substances
increases
phosphorus
availability as it has a very high action
exchange capacity, helping in reducing
leaching losses by promoting greater water
retention.
Controlling soil erosion. Aggregation is quite
retention.
Controlling soil erosion. Aggregation is quite
improved.
Biological effects
Compost contains bacteria, actinomycetes, &
fungi hence this introduces not only millions of
micro organisms in soil but also stimulate them.
The incorporation of organics promotes microorganism to produce polysaccharides that
helps in building better soil structure.
N-fixing & P-Solubilization is also enhanced due
to better microbial activities in organic matter
amended soil.
4. PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING :
Soil is to be excavated in the 10000 sq ft. sheds
up to a depth of about one foot for preparing
the beds which contain organic waste, Vermi
Castings and cow dung. The length and width
of the beds is 100 ft. and 6 ft. respectively. Some
paddy straw should be spread evenly at the
bottom of the excavations. Vermi castings are
placed over this straw and the shredded waste
material and cow dung slurry are charged in
order to feed the earthworms. Charging of
waste and cow dung slurry should be
continued till the heap of material is one foot
above the ground level. The entire bed should
be sprinkled with water daily to keep the heaps
moist. The heaps are covered with gunny bags
to
keep
them
completely
dark.
The
temperature should be maintained at less than
28 deg. c. in two months time the entire waste
would be digested by the earthworms and
converted into dark brown compost rich in
organic nutritive matter. After drying this
Cross section of Vermi-compost Unit
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
From Bottom to upper layer
First layer – Small stones, broken bricks and sanc
Second Layer – Course organic matter such as
banana fiber, coconut fiber and sugarcane
trashes etc.
Third Layer – Animal dung (15-20 days old)
Fourth layer – Earthworms. This layer quickly
merges into third layer so do not have any
special appearance.
Fifth Layer – Animal dung mixed with shredded
biomass (20-30 days old)
Pack in Gunny bags.
5. PROCESS FOR VERMI-COMPOSTING :Step 1 : Wet the ground on which wastes are to be
placed by sprinkling of water.
Step 2 : The Vermi-bed is consists of small stones,
broken bricks to the thickness of 3” to 4”. This is
covered by 3” to 4” thick 2nd layer of coarse
material such as coconut fibres, sugarcane
trashes, grasses, of dry banana leaves cut in
to small pieces with sprinkling of fresh animal
dung. Both of the above layers form a bed for
worms. This bed serves as home for
earthworms and also supplies reserve food for
them during unavailability of food.
Step 3 : The 3rd layer of 3-4 inches height, consists of
animal dung (i.e. 15 to 20 days old) sprinkled
excessive heat being generated in the 3rd
and upper layer by providing aeration. This 3rd
layer being digested by worm also serves as
food material for worms.
Step 4 : The earthworms then lightly placed on the 3rd
layer in uniformly distributed fashion on the
surface. About ½ Kg per bed of size 10ft. *4ft*
2.5ft.
Step 5 : The earthworms from 4th layer would quickly
get down into the 3rd layer since they do not
liked to be exposed to atmospheric light and
heat. Within a minute of placement the 3 rd
and 4th layer get merged. The 5th layer consists
of 20-25-30 days old decomposed mixture of
animal dung and shredded material is sieved
and sold. Biomass obtained from the
decomposition pits to fill up the entire pit.
Step 6 : On the top of the all layer cow dung and a
long gunny bas cloth 4th wide is spread to
cover the entire heap.
Step 7 : The above heap is sprinkled with water as and
when required to keep the bed moisture of
40-50%
Harvesting and Yield
The final product is harvested when black
coloured (like tea powder) vermin-castings
appeared on the heap. The average yield is
50-60% per pit. i.e. about 1.00 to 1.20 MT per
pit of volume 100 cub. Ft The average cycle is
of 60-65 days. Here the yield is considered as
1.10MT./Pit/Year.
6. QUALITY SPECIFICATION
As per the Govt. Specification
7. PRODUCTION CAPACITY PER ANNUM
Plant capacity 250 MT
Capacity utilisation 70 %
Annual sales 175 MT
Value : Rs. 612500/8. MOTIVE POWER
3 phase
9. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
S.No. Description
Quantity
1.
Fixed Capital
2.
Working Capital
for 2 months
Total Cost
Value Rs.
230000
60200
290200
10. MEANS OF FINANCE
1. Promoter’s Contribution (25% of total cost) Rs.72,550/2. Bank loan (total cost)-(Promoter’s Contribution) Rs.
2,17650/11. FINANCIAL ASPECTS
1. FIXED CAPITAL
I. Land & Buildings : Free hold Land. Hance we are not
taking value of Land.
10000 Sq. ft. free land & 4 temporary sheds each
100’x6’ with thatch roof Rs. 37,500/- x 4 = 1,500,000/Ii Machinery & Equipment
S.No. Description
Quantity
Value Rs.
1
Power driven chaff
1
25000
cutter
2
Weighing Machine
1
5000
Platform type
3
Water Pump and
L.s
35000
pipes for water
sprinkling
4
Tools & Implements
L.s
10000
5
Pre-operative
5000
Expenses
Total
80000
II. WORKING CAPITAL
I.) Staff & Labour per month
S.No.
1
2
3
Description
Manager cum
Supervisor
Skilled Worker
Helper
No.
1
@Rs.
5000
2
2
3750
3250
Total
Value Rs.
5000
7500
6500
19000
ii.)Raw Material (p.m)
S.No. Description
1
Bio-degradable
waste provided by
vegetable and fruit
market yard and
municipal market
2
Vermi Castings
3
Cow dung Manure
Quantity
108 Mt.
Value Rs.
Free
85 Kg.
25 Mt.
Total
850
5000
5850
iii. FIXED COST PER YEAR
S.No.
Description
1
Depreciation
2
Interest
3
40% of Salaries & wages
4
40% of other expenses
(Utilities + OE)
Total
Value Rs.
7500
26118
94080
25200
152898
iV. PROFIT ANALYSIS
Net Profit : Sale-total cost = 612500-394818 =217682
% of Return on Investment : Profit / Investment) x
100=217682/290200 =75.01 %
Break-Even Point Analysis : FC / (FC + Profit) x 100 =
152898/152898+217682] 100 = 41.26%
V. MACHINERY SUPPLIERS
Locally available
Contact for more details :- www.krishi.bih.nic.in
1. Dr. Rajesh Kr. Sharma- 9431077052
Dy. Director, Vermi Compost
Mithapur Agriculture Farm, Patna.
2.
Dr. R.N. Sinha
Director, BAMETI
94304241755 / 9934734126
Bihar Agricultural Management & Extension Training
Institute (BAMETI), Near Potato Institute,
Opposite Women’s Polytechnic, P.O.- B.V. College
Phulwari Sharif, Patna. Ph- 0612-227039
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