Cells and Energy Study Guide
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1. Which of the following statements is true for all cells?
a. They use solar energy.
b. They use photosynthesis.
c. They use chemical energy.
d. They use chemosynthesis.
2. Which phrase best describes the function of the ATP molecule?
a. uses energy
b. carries energy
c. absorbs energy
d. converts energy
3. Where does the chemical energy to produce ATP come from?
a. the conversion of ATP to ADP
b. the use of chemicals from the environment to build sugars
c. the addition of a phosphate group to ATP
d. the breakdown of carbon-based molecules such as glucose into smaller molecules
4. Energy is released from an ATP molecule for cellular processes when it
a. has a phosphate group removed.
b. stores an extra phosphate group.
c. converts a phosphate group to ADP.
d. produces a sugar molecule.
5. Which of the following statements best describes the process of photosynthesis?
a. Plants use oxygen to make simple sugars.
b. Chlorophyll builds sugars in the matrix.
c. Light breaks down water molecules and releases carbon dioxide.
d. Chloroplasts absorb sunlight and store chemical energy as food.
6. What is the term for an organism that makes its own source of chemical energy?
a. decomposer
b. producer
c. chloroplast
d. protist
7. The main light-absorbing pigments found in plant leaves are called
a. mitochondria
b. thylakoids
c. chlorophyll.
d. grana.
8. The function of the light-dependent reactions is to
a. build sugars.
b. capture and transfer energy.
c. release carbon dioxide.
d. form water molecules.
9. The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis need
a. carbon dioxide.
b. oxygen.
c. water.
d. cellulose.
10. Which of the following types of organisms uses cellular respiration for their cellular energy needs?
a. eukaryotes
b. plants only
c. animals only
d. prokaryotes
____ 11. Which process breaks down sugars to make ATP when oxygen is present?
____ 12.
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a. anaerobic respiration
b. cellular respiration
c. glycolysis
d. photosynthesis
The part of cellular respiration in which glucose is broken down is called
a. photosynthesis.
b. aerobic respiration.
c. electron transport.
d. glycolysis.
Two products of the Krebs cycle are
a.
and
.
b. ATP and
.
c. ATP and
.
d. ADP and
.
What provides the electron transport chain in cellular respiration with the energy it needs to function?
a. ATP synthase
b. glycolysis
c. chlorophyll
d. Krebs cycle
Which phrase best describes the main role of fermentation?
a. converts glucose into pyruvate and NADH
b. produces lactic acid to counteract an oxygen deficit
c. allows glycolysis to continue making a small amount of ATP
d. allowing anaerobic production of ADP
Which phrase about fermentation is correct?
a. takes place without oxygen
b. uses electron transport chain
c. only occurs in bacteria
d. is an aerobic process
Which end product of fermentation causes the burning feeling in muscles that are working hard?
a. carbon dioxide
b. pyruvate
c. alcohol
d. lactic acid
Why does a runner breathe hard for a few minutes after finishing a race?
a. The runner's cells need oxygen to make lactic acid.
b. The runner's cells continue the fermentation process.
c. The runner's cells are making up for an oxygen deficit
d. The runner's cells cannot perform glycolysis.
Which end product of alcoholic fermentation is important in the baking industry?
a. lactic acid
b. carbon dioxide
c. ATP molecules
d. alcohol
What molecule carries a high amount of chemical energy that cells use for their functions?
____ 21. Which molecules found in the food we eat is most commonly broken down to make ATP?
____ 22. Chemosynthesis is a process through which some organisms use energy from chemicals in their environment
to build sugars in the absence of
a. ATP.
b. water.
c. glucose.
D. sunlight
____ 23. The water molecules labeled A in Figure 4.1 are going to the thylakoids to take part in which process?
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a. light-dependent reactions
b. Krebs cycle
c. Calvin cycle
d. light-independent reactions
Which of the following is a reactant in photosynthesis?
a.
b.
c.
d. COOH
Where in plant cells are the energy-absorbing molecules for photosynthesis located?
a. stroma
b. thylakoids
c. ATP synthase
d. mitochondria
What happens to the sugars that are made during photosynthesis?
a. They move directly into an electron transport chain.
b. They go back into the Calvin cycle.
c. They can be used for cellular respiration.
d. They make ATP by bonding together.
Which process is best represented by the following chemical equation?
sugars + oxygen carbon dioxide + water
a. cellular respiration
b. photosynthesis
c. glycolysis
d. fermentation
Which of the following is best shown by Figure 4.2 below?
a. glycolysis
b. diffusion
c. the Krebs cycle
d. electron transport chain
____ 29. An electron transport chain that produces ATP is part of both the cellular respiration process and
a. glycolysis.
b. fermentation.
c. photosynthesis.
d. the Krebs cycle.
____ 30. Which of the following reactions provides the chemical energy for most cell functions?
a. ATP - P ADP
b. ATP + P ADP
c. ADP - P ATP
d. ADP + P ATP
____ 31. Which process would bacteria living near a heat vent on the ocean floor use to build carbon-based molecules,
such as sugars?
a. light-independent reactions
b. cellular respiration
c. fermentation
d. chemosynthesis
____ 32. Which of the following best describes the molecules labeled B in Figure 4.1?
a. carbon monoxide entering the light-independent reactions
b. water entering the thylakoid membrane
c. carbon dioxide entering the Calvin cycle
d. oxygen entering an electron transport chain
____ 33. Which chemical equation best represents the process of photosynthesis?
____ 34. Which of the following is the site of the photosystems in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
a. stroma
b. thylakoid membrane
c. ATP synthase
d. mitochondrial matrix
____ 35. The aerobic stages of cellular respiration take place in the
a. cell membrane.
b. mitochondria.
c. cytoplasm.
d. grana.
____ 36. Which process allows glycolysis to continue in the absence of oxygen?
a. chemosynthesis
b. photosystem I
c. cellular respiration
d. fermentation
____ 37. When pyruvate is a reactant in cellular respiration it means that
a. oxygen is present.
b. all ATP is made in the cytoplasm.
c. only fermentation is taking place.
d. glycolysis has stopped.
____ 38. During aerobic cellular respiration, in which of the following locations do ATP molecules form?
a. cytoplasm only
c. mitochondrial matrix and outer membrane
b. Mitochondrial matrix
d. cytoplasm, mitochondrial matrix, and
outer mitochondrial membrane
____ 39. Which of the following colors of visible light is in the correct order of increasing wavelengths (low to high)?
a. red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet
c. red, orange, yellow, green, indigo, violet
b. violet, green, blue, yellow, orange, red
d. violet, blue, green, yellow, orange, red
____ 40. Which pathway shows cellular respiration?
a. glucose->pyruvic acid->carbon dioxide + c. glucose->pyruvic acid->carbon dioxide
water + 36 ATP
+ethyl alcohol + 2 ATP
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a.
b.
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b. glucose->pyruvic acid->lactic acid +2
d. glucose->pyruvic acid->carbon dioxide +
ATP
36 ADP
41. Photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to
a. chloroplasts
c. mitochondria
b. cytoplasm
d. nuclei
42. The products of photosynthesis are the
a. products of cellular respiration.
c. products of glycolysis.
b. reactants of cellular respiration.
d. reactants of fermentation.
43. Which process generates most of the ATP produced during cellular respiration?
a. Electron Transport Chain
c. Glycolysis
b. Fermentation
d. Krebs Cycle
44. Thylakoid membranes within chloroplasts contain chlorophyll. The Calvin Cycle occurs in the stroma of the
chloroplasts. How are the processes occuring within the Calvin Cycle and the thylakoid membrane
connected?
The Calvin Cycle uses high-energy molecules formed c. The processes in the thylakoid membrane use highin the thylakoid membrane to convert CO2 into sugar.
energy molecules formed during the Calvin Cycle to
convert CO2 into sugar molecules.
The Calvin Cycle uses sugar molecules formed within d. The processes in the thylakoid membrane use sugar
the thylakoid membrane to generate high-energy
molecules formed during the Calvin Cycle to generate
molecules.
high-energy molecules.
45. Which color(s) is/are best reflected in plants?
a. green
c. blue
b. red
d. both red and blue
46. Where do the light independent reactions occur?
a. stroma
c. matrix
b. thylakoid
d. inner mitochondrial membrane
47. Which of the following is an autotroph?
a. mushroom
c. leopard
b. dog
d. tree
48. The starting molecule for glycolysis is _______.
a. ADP
c. citric acid
b. pyruvic acid
d. glucose
49. Which of the following is not a stage of cellular respiration?
a. Calvin Cycle
c. glycolysis
b. Kreb’s Cycle
d. electron transport chain
50. A student grew algae in the presence of a poison that stops the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis.
As a result, which molecules will the light-dependent reactions stop producing?
a. ADP and NADP+
c. ATP and NADP+
b. ADP and NADPH
d. ATP and NADPH