Figure 2.1: Map of ISFS and ISS station locations deployed during the PCAPS field
campaign of the 2010-2011 winter period. Station locations are plotted over the land use type
distribution of the Salt Lake Valley within the valley sub-domain indicated in Fig. 1.1 (see
Fig. 2.6 for pixel color legend). ISFS stations are numbered 1-7 and oriented from north to
south (red dots). ISS stations are centrally located within the valley (black dots). The location
of time-height plots, featured in Chapter 3, is the pixel closest to the two ISS stations (black
star).
Figure 2.2: Map of WRF domain 1 (boundary of image), with domains 2 and 3 shown within.
Domain 1 has a resolution of 12 km, domain 2 4 km, and domain 3 1.33 km. Domain 3
encompasses all but the southeast portion of Utah, to capture CAP events in the Salt Lake
Valley, Cache Valley, and Uinta Basin.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Figure 2.3: Maps of land use classification within the Salt Lake Basin at 1.33 km resolution,
corresponding to USGS (a), NLCD 2006 (b), NLCD 2011 (c), and modified NLCD 2011 (d).
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Figure 2.4: Maps of land use classification within the Salt Lake Valley at 1.33 km resolution,
corresponding to USGS (a), NLCD 2006 (b), NLCD 2011 (c), and modified NLCD 2011(d).
Figure 2.5: MODIS satellite imagery from the Terra platform on 1 January 2011 centered
over the Great Salt Lake and Salt Lake Valley.
Figure 2.6: Map of NLCD 2011 land use classification within the Salt Lake Basin at 1.33 km
resolution. Pictured are the Great Salt Lake (dark blue) and the Salt Lake Valley urban
corridor (lighter blue hues to southeast of map). The southeast arm of the lake is Farmington
Bay, the northeast is Willard Bay, and the southwest is Stansbury Bay.
Figure 2.7: Map of modified NLCD 2011 land use classification within the Salt Lake Basin
at 1.33 km resolution with overlaid terrain contours (solid white lines at 125 m intervals). The
Syracuse, UT Department of Air Quality site lies to the east of the Great Salt Lake, to the
northeast of Antelope Island (red dot).
Figure 2.8: Idealized snow depth fit for valley (red), mountain (yellow), and peak (purple)
elevations. Observations are represented by blue dots.
Figure 2.9: Three by three grid point display (16 km2 area) of land use type encompassing
each ISFS location indicated in Fig. 2.1.
(a)
(b)
Figure 2.10: (a) Areas treated as water by USGS and non-water by BASE. (b) Difference in snow depth
(m) at first model hour between BASE and USGS.