A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
DECLARATION
We declare that this report is own work except for quotations and summaries which have been
duly acknowledged.
17.11.2011
Date
Names: MUHAMMAD SAFIE BIN MAHADI Signature...........................
Names: NUR ADILA FATIN BT MOHD KHIR Signature...........................
Names: DIDI SAFINA BT ABDUL RAHIM
Signature..........................
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A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Firstly, we would like to give our highest gratitude to Almighty God for giving us good
health, strength and perseverance to complete this academic report according to the schedule. We
are truly appreciating the opportunity given to complete this project.
We wish to express our eternal gratitude and sincere appreciation to our UHL 2332
Academic Report Writing Lecturer, DR. Nik Aloesnita Binti Nik Mohd Alwi, for her invaluable
guidance, empowering support and profound advice throughout the preparation and realisation of
this academic report over this semester.
Our big thanks also goes to our colleagues from all faculties who were respondents for this
study, for their full support and co-operation to make this study possible.
Not to forget, we would like to thank to all of our parents and friends for their continued
support and guidance in finishing this project.
Finally, thank you very much to all that had involved directly or even indirectly in our
projects. By making this project to come to an end, we had learned so many experiences that
someday we can use or implement them in our future life either for our further studies or in the
job industries.
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A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
CONTENTS
Page
DECLARATION
1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Introduction
6
1.2
Background of study
6-7
1.3
Objectives of the study
8
1.4
Research questions
8
1.5
Definition of terms
9
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1
Introduction
10
2.2
Literature review
10
2.2.1
Factors of Transportation problem
10
2.2.2
Effects of Transportation problem
11-12
2.2.3
Solutions of Transportation problem
12-13
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1
Introduction
14
3.2
Participants
14
3.3
Data Collection
14
3.3.1
Questionnaire
14
3.4
Data analysis
15
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CHAPTER IV
FINDINGS &DISCUSSION
4.1
Introduction
4.2
Analysis and discussion of data- Findings
4.3
conclusion
CHAPTER V
16
16-22
23
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1
Introduction
24
5.2
Summary of findings
24
5.3
Limitations of the study
25-26
5.4
Recommendations for further research
25-26
REFERENCES
27-28
APPENDICES
A
Sample of a questionnaire
29-35
B
Coding Sheet
36-38
C
Graphs
38-51
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure No:
Page
1
Problems arise by having transport in UMP
15
2
Problems arise by not having transport in UMP
17
3
UMP student should own transport
18
4
Owning a transport in UMP will help to overcome the transportation
19
problem in UMP
5
Facing problem by not having any transport in UMP
20
6
Ways UMP can do to reduce transportation problem
21
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A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
This introduction will describe about the background information of our study that is
transportation problems among Universiti Malaysia Pahang(UMP) students. Besides that we also
discuss about the objective of our study and the questions that we researched about. These all are
commonly surveyed about the topics like the factors, solutions and effects of transportations
problems. At the end of introduction part, there will be the definition of some important terms in
our study
1.2 Background of study
Based on Merriam Webster dictionary, transportation means an act, process, or instance
of transporting or being transported. University campuses are very distinct communities. They are
places where people of different backgrounds, incomes, lifestyles and attitudes do come together
to live, study, work, and recreate. University build societies that are at once transitory and lasting,
and have an ideal human scale (Ojeda and Yudell, 1997). The traditional campus adheres to the
basic principles of the neotraditional town, since it concentrates a variety of functions within reach
of pedestrians stated by (Dulken, 1992) and (Turner, 1995). Campuses are usually self-contained
neighborhoods where classrooms, offices, apartments, students centers, child care facilities,
performance halls, art galleries, gymnasiums, swimming pools, sports arenas and shopping places
are all in close proximity. They have their own streets, squares and open spaces, where people can
stroll and get together.
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A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
Based on the Undergraduate Prospectus 2010/2011, Universiti Malaysia Pahang provides
hostel for most of the students from the first year to the final year students. However, two of the
hostels are situated far from the academic buildings and other facilities around the campus. This
arise problems to those who did not own any transport. They had to walk more than 1 km daily
due to far distance from student hostels to lecture buildings and other facilities around the campus.
They also need to face unpredictable weather conditions. The hectic daily schedule made the
students have to walk back and forth to different block for the entire day.
1.3 Problem Statement
Universiti Malaysia Pahang is well known for its facilities provided for the students. Compared to
other public university like UITM Shah Alam, there are eight colleges in the main campus although
there are 78,260 students in the college . The other colleges are outside the main campus but still, not
all the students are available for the campus. Compared to UMP, UMP provides hostel for most of
the students from the first year to the final year students. However, two of the residence complexes
are situated far from the academic buildings and other facilities around the campus. This issue will
lead to transportation problems among the UMP students who did not own any transport. Besides,
since UMP do not provide covered pedestrian walk ,students intend to come late to class especially
during rainy days. Therefore, undergraduates of Universiti Malaysia Pahang tend to face difficulties
in attending class and reaching other facilities around the campus due to the transportation problems.
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1.4 Objectives of study
The objectives of this study are:
1
to identify the transportation problems faced by UMP students.
2
to investigate if students should own a transport in UMP.
1.5 Research questions
The main research questions of this research are:
1
what are the transportation problems that is faced by UMP students?
2
should students own a transport in UMP?
1.6 Significance of study:
Until now, there is no written report that there are problems regarding the distance of
students residents with the academic building and other facilities. So, this study might be
important to help those students facing a transportation problem. If this problem persists, it may
affect the quality of UMP students. Due to far distance from hostel to lecture buildings students
might have problems to achieve punctuality and thus affect one’s soft skill.
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1.7 Definitions of key terms:
1.Transportation
:
An act, process, or instance of transporting or being transported.
2. Community
:
A process of people acting collectively with others who share some
common concern, whether on the basis of a place where they live, of
interests or interest groups that are similar, or of relationships that have
some cohesion or continuity
3. College/University:
Places where people of different backgrounds, incomes, lifestyles
and attitudes do come together to live, study, work, and recreate
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CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Introduction
In chapter two, we will search and choose the related and relevant literature to our research
questions. After that, we will summarize the literature and find the evidences which can answer
our research objectives and research questions. Based on the literature that we had found, we will
formulate questions that need further research.
2.2 Literature review
2.2.1 Factors of transportation problems
Researchers have found many factors which cause transportation problems mainly on
campus area. According to Newman & Kentworthy, (1999) automobiles not only are the focus of
transportation systems but they very often push the planning decision making processes. It is
extensively accepted that trends in motorization on college campuses equate those experienced by
society at large. In the last decade, campus planners have struggled to provide access and mobility
without destroying campus qualities as distinct communities. Poinsatte & Toor, (2001) states that
due to federal requirements concerning air quality, increasing congestion, lack of land for parking,
the high cost of constructing parking structures, pressures to reduce traffic's impact on
surrounding neighbourhoods, and constraints on financial resources, many universities are
exploring a range of environmentally appealing solutions to alleviate congestion and improve
safety for all campus user.
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2.2.2 Effects of transportation problems
The effects of transportation problems can be separated to two different categories which
are individual and environmental. Tolley (1996), argues that the major environmental impacts of
transportation on college campuses include disturbance to teaching, loss of natural environment
and greenery, despoliation of the visual environment by parking provision, and health effects on
staff and students. Universities also impact neighbouring communities in many ways, such as
parking, traffic, service access and off-campus housing. While communities deal with these
impacts through the implementation of neighbourhood residential parking permits and prohibition
of non-resident parking during school hours, colleges also are minimizing their own impacts in
order to become more sustainable communities.
According to Balsas (2001), car-based transportation has many hidden costs, especially in
term of fuel and car maintenance. It is expensive and inefficient over short distances and is a
major contributor to global warming. The major problem with vehicle, however, is the amount of
parking it requires as mention by Shoup (1997) & Dober (2000). Planning laws require parking
minimums, which very often make it expensive to build. On college campuses parking is a
common problem with different slants. Keniry (1995), states that a “University is a group of
administrators, faculty and students held together by a common grievance over parking”. On
campus, walking is affected by safety concerns at intersections, when pedestrians must cross
roadways used by motor traffic and bicycles, or walk along improperly build or maintained
corridors. Examples range from protection from the weather and good illumination, to visual
appearance and amenities. The need to provide parking lots in close proximity to buildings also
contributes to unfriendly land use development and long walking distance between locations,
which can increase the fear of assault, especially after dark or when there are few others around.
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Regarding bicycling, many college campuses lack proper and adequate bicycle facilities,
including bicycle paths and lanes, intersection treatments, signage and parking. Many times
bicycling on campus can be dangerous. As suggested by Dober (2000), accidents can occur
because of speeding, mixing types of traffic, poor right-of-way design, and college-age youth's
propensity to ride outside the routes designated for bicycles and to ignore traffic rules and
regulations. The lack of secure bicycle parking increases the possibilities for bicycle theft, which
at the same time acts as a major deterrent to bicycle use.
In a conclusion, we found out that transportation problems can lead to serious problem not
only for the students or staff but also cause problems to the environment. Therefore, the university
and students should come up with fair plan to handle this problem so that all people will get more
benefit and less problems.
2.2.3 Solutions of Transportation Problems
College campuses are also major traffic generators, which require extensive parking
areas. Tolley (1996) argues that the major environmental impacts of transportation on college
campuses include disturbance to teaching, loss of natural environment and greenery, despoliation
of the visual environment by parking provision, and health effects on staff and students. On
campus grounds sustainable transportation planning can be seen as providing incentives for
walking, bicycling, taking mass transit, ridesharing, discouraging the use of single-occupancy cars
by passing on the full costs of parking to drivers, and linking transportation planning to land-use
planning. According to Weerts (1998), careful attention should also be paid to the redesign of
intersections and crossings to more safely accommodate bicyclists and pedestrians.
Walking is affected by safety concerns at intersections, when pedestrians must cross
roadways used by motor traffic and bicycles, or walk along improperly built or maintained
corridors. Comfort is a characteristic that can encourage more walking. Examples range from
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protection from the weather and good illumination, to visual appearance and amenities (litter
containers, benches, etc.). Despite the Americans with disabilities act (ADA) of 1990, which
requires transportation systems to offer equal access to disabled people, the disabled still have
problems with stairs, narrow passageways, long distances, slippery surfaces and poor-illuminated
areas. The need to provide parking lots in close proximity to buildings also contributes to
unfriendly land use development and long walking distance between locations, which can increase
the fear of assault, especially after dark or when there are few others around.
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CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
To collect the data for our research about transportation problems among UMP students ,
we used the details about the method, technique or instrument. There are few parts in this section
which are participants, data collection method and data analysis.
3.2 Participants
For this part in this section, we get the information from the participants. They are UMP
student, which are around 18-24 years old. The respondents were randomly selected from varies
faculties and courses and grouped according to their years of study .20 of the respondents were
male students and another 20 students were female. All of them answered the questionnaire and 4
people are chosen to be interviewed.
3.3 Data collection
We agreed to use 2 methods for this part of study which is interview and questionnaire. To
identify the type of difficulties that is faced by UMP students to attend class and to investigate the
effects of not having any transport in UMP.
3.3.1 Questionnaire
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The respondents have to answer 14 question which is divided in 2 parts; 7 question in parts A
and another 7 question in part B. The result of the questionnaire will be analysed.
3.4 Data analysis
By referring to the data collection that have been analysed from the questionnaire and surveys,
we can conclude the result of the report.
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CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS & DISCUSSION
4.1 Introduction
After we have gathered all the data from our survey and inserted the data in the coding
book, we will analyze the data in term of percentages. After that, we discuss the data from our
survey based on the similarities or differences of the data and the evidences from the literature
review.
4.2 Analysis of data and discussion of findings
4.2.1 Types of transportation problem among UMP students
The problems arise by having
transport in UMP
traffic, 20%
maintenance,
13%
Parking, 54%
others
, 13%
Figure shows the problems arise by having transport in UMP
The pie chart above describes the problems arise by having transport in UMP . The pie
chart shows four problems which are traffic, parking, maintenance and others.
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From the pie chart, more than half of the respondents (54%) agree that parking is the
biggest problem by having transport in UMP.20 % think that traffic is also one of the problem by
having transport followed by others which is 13 %. Meanwhile, only 3% agree that maintenance is
one of the problem by having transport in UMP.
The analysis is similar to Poinsatte and Torre (2011) that stated mobility problems at
campus concerning lack of land for parking, increasing congestion, busy traffic and constraints on
maintenance. This finding is supported by Tolley (1996) which stated college campuses are also
major traffic generators, which require extensive parking spaces.
From the analysis, we can conclude that people nowadays agreed that parking is the main
problem which arises by having transport in college.
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Figure shows problems arise by not having any transport in UMP
The pie chart shows the problems arise by not having any transport in UMP which are far
distance from student’s residents to lecture buildings and other facilities around the campus,
hectic daily schedule attending class, punctuality in attending class and other.
From the pie chart, 46% students agrees they are having difficulties by not owning
transport because of far distance from student’s residents to lecture buildings and other facilities
around the campus. 36% students agree punctuality in attending class is one of the problems too
followed by hectic daily schedule attending class and others by both 8%.
This analysis is similar to Dagget and Gutkowskistate 64% of students lived within one
mile of campus ,and 84% lived within five miles on one study of 23 research universities . If
appropriate bicycle infrastructure is being provided, bicycles are very competitive for trips of this
length.
In conclusion, most of the students agree the main problem arise by not having transport in
UMP because of the far distance from student residents to lecture buildings and other facilities.
4.2.2 Should students own transport?
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UMP student should own transport
8%
yes
no
92%
Figure shows respondents opinion whether it is necessary or not for students to bring their own
transport.
The pie chart above refer to whether is it necessary or not for students to bring their own
transport in UMP.
As shown by the pie chart, 92% of the respondent thought that UMP students should have
their own transport in the campus. Only minority of 8% thought that UMP students does not have
to own individual transport.
This finding is similar with the previous study conducted by Newman and Kenworthy,
1999 which state that automobiles not only are the focus of transportation systems but they very
often push the planning decision making processes.
In a nutshell, the result obviously show that UMP students should have their own transport
in campus.
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Owning a transport in UMP will help to
overcome the transportation problem in UMP
No,
8%
Yes,
92%
Figure shows respondents opinion if by owning transport will help to overcome the transportation
problem in UMP
The pie chart above illustrates the respondents opinion if by owning transport will help to
overcome transportation problem in UMP.
According to the pie chart, majority of the respondents which is 92% agree that owning
transport will help to overcome the transportation problem in UMP. Only 8% of 24 respondents
who own transport in UMP agree that having transport will not help to overcome the
transportation problem in UMP.
By owning transport in UMP, most of the transportation problem in UMP will be reduced.
For example, transport will help to move us to places which are far quickly. Besides, transports
like car provide us protection during bad weather and condition. The finding is supported by
Wilkinson (1997) whom recognizes bicycling have evolved from being the ‘forgotten modes’ to
emblems of a high quality of life.
In short, most of the respondents agree owning transport will help to reduce transportation
problem in UMP.
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Facing problems by not having any transport
in UMP
19%
81%
Yes
No
Figure shows respondents opinion if they are having problem by not having transport.
The pie chart above illustrates the respondents opinion if by not owning transport will help
to overcome transportation problem in UMP.
From the graph, 81% of the respondents agreed that they are facing problems by not
having any transport in UMP while the rest 19% choose to disagree because they are not facing
problems by not having any transport in UMP.
According to, Newman and Kentworthy (1999) an automobile not only are the focus of
transportation systems but they very often push the planning decision making processes. It is
extensively accepted that trends in motorization on college campuses equate those experienced by
society at large.Transport is one of the medium that give student an advantage to move from one
place to another,by not having it in the campus they will having more problems.
In a conclusion, more students agree that they are having problems by not having any
transport in UMP.
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4.2.3 Solutions for transportation problems
Ways UMP can do to reduce
transportation problem
5%
allow students bring
vehicle
27%
48%
20%
provide more parking
space
provide better walkways
for students
do nothing
Figure shows several ways that can be done to reduce transportation problem in UMP
The pie chart above illustrates ways that can be taken by UMP’s management to reduce
transportation problems faced by the students.
The pie chart shows that almost half of the respondent which are 48% agree that UMP
should provide better walkways for students since not all students are allowed to bring their own
transport. 27% of the respondent thought that UMP should allow all students to bring thie own
transport and 20% thought that more parking space should be provided. Only 5% of respondent
thought that UMP should do nothing since they do not face any transportation problems.
The pie chart result can be supported by Balsas and Carlos J.L. 2002 study which state that
on campus, walking is affected by safety concerns at intersections, when pedestrians must cross
roadways used by motor traffic and bicycles, or walk along improperly built or maintained
corridors. Comfort is a characteristic that can encourage more walking.
In conclusion, UMP’s management can provide better walkways for students to reduce
problems faced by the students.
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4.3 Conclusion
Based on the findings, we can therefore assume that parking is the biggest problem faced
by students whom own transport while far distance between students residence to lecture
buildings and other facilities around the campus is the main problems faced by students whom do
not own any transport. We also come to an agreement that students should own transport in UMP.
Transportation problems in UMP can be reduced by providing better walkways for student.
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CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Introduction
In this chapter, we will provide the summary of our result and the concluding remarks
based on the analysis of our data. Besides that, we also need to provide the limitations and the
suggestions for further studies based on our research outcome.
5.2 Summary of the study
Based on the findings and study that we have done, we have found out that most of the
students in UMP agrees that they are having transportation problems.
From the result, assume that parking is the biggest problem faced by students whom own
transport in UMP next to traffic and maintenance while far distance between students residence to
lecture buildings and other facilities around the campus is the main problems faced by students
whom do not own any transport other than hectic daily schedule .
We also come to an agreement that students should own transport in UMP. Most of the
students agree that by having transport , transportation problems can be reduced.
Transportation problems in UMP can be reduced by providing better walkways for student.
Besides that, UMP management should also provide shuttle bus for the students to move to and
from their students residence and classes.
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In a nutshell, we managed to answer all the research questions. Finally, transportation
problems in UMP is a serious problem that we cannot take lightly.
5.3 Limitations of the study
The following are the limitations of our study:
1) insufficient time for find a related articles or journals.
2) difficulty to find articles that related to transportation problems in college.
3) the data collected from the survey can be improved.
5.4 Suggestion for further study
The following are the suggestion for the further study:
1) improve the strategic on time management.
2) future research should be conduct more broad, not in certain places .
3) the participant of the survey should include the people that work in study place.
5.5 Concluding remarks
Our research is about the transportation problems faced by UMP’s students. We have
referred to several articles and journals of previous study related to our research. Based on our
research, the two objectives are to identify the transportation problems faced by UMP students
and to investigate if UMP students should own a transport in UMP. We have provided
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questionnaires to the respondent. Our respondents had help us a lot by providing their opinion and
suggestion regarding the research.
From the research we have found out that UMP do have transportation problems, both
students who own transport and do not have faced problems related to transportation in UMP, we
found that among the main transportation problems are the distance between the academic block
and the students hostels and the parking space provided by UMP. We also found out that majority
of the respondent thought that UMP’s students should own a transport.
Overall, both research question had been answered for this research. Therefore, we had
successfully achieved both objectives of the research. Our group members show a great teamwork
and cooperation during the research. Finally, we would like to express our highest gratitude to our
lecturer for giving us countless guidance and help in order to complete the research
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REFERENCES
Balsas, C., 2002. New directions for bicycle and pedestrian planning in theb US.
Planning Practice and Research 17 (1), 91–105
Ewing, R., 1999. Traffic-Calming State of the Practice, Institute of
Transportation Engineers, Washington, DC.
Filho, W. (Ed.), 2000. Sustainability and University Life, Peter Lang
Scientific Publishers, New York.
Forester, J., 1994. Bicycle Transportation, 2nd ed, MIT Press, Cambridge.
Forester, J., 2001. The bicycle transportation controversy. Transportation
Quarterly 55 (2), 7–17.
Markowitz, F., Estrella, A., 1998. Campus moves. Planning 64 (7), 14–18.
McClintock, H. (Ed.), 1992. The Bicycle and City Traffic, Principles and
Practice, Belhaven Press, London
Newman, P., Kenworthy, J., 1999. Sustainability and Cities—Overcoming
Automobile Dependence, Island Press, Washington, DC
Poinsatte, F., Toor, W., 2001. Finding a New Way: Campus Transportation
for the 21st Century, 2nd ed, University of Colorado, Boulder
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Tolley, R., 1996. Green campuses: cutting the environmental cost of
commuting. Journal of Transport Geography 4 (3), 213–217.
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(APPENNDICE A)Questionnaire
Survey question
Your identity will be kept anonymous, please answer the questionnaire
truthfully. Thank you for your co-operation.
SECTION A: Demographic
Tick answer that relevant to you:
Gender:
Age:
male
18-21
Faculty:
FIST
Year of study:
1
female
22-25
25 and above
FKKSA
FKASA
2
3
FKPPT
FSKKP
4
SECTION B: Transportation Among UMP Students
Please answer the following questions by ticking one answer that relevant to you:
1. Do you own any transport in UMP?
yes
no
If Yes, answer the questions in Part A. If No, answer the question in Part B.
Part A
1. What kind of vehicle do you own?
car
motorcycle
bicycle
others
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2. Do you have any transportation problem in UMP?
yes
no
3. When do you start using own transport in UMP? (year of study)
1
2
3
4
5
4. Do you have any problems by owning a transport in UMP?
yes
no
If yes, state the problems?
parking
traffic
maintenance
others
5. How much do you spent on your fuel, maintenance etc, per month?
Less than RM50
less than RM150
more than RM250
6. How often do you go out from campus (for non-academic purposes)?
everyday
once in a week
once in a month
never
7. By owning a transport in UMP, your academic result is?
better
worse
maintained
8. In your opinion, by owning a transport, does it help to overcome the transportation problem in
UMP?
yes
no
Part B
1. Do you have any transportation problem in UMP?
yes
no
2. Do you have any problems by not having a transport in UMP?
yes
no
If yes, state the problems?
(
) far distance from students residents to lecture buildings and other facilities around the
campus.
(
) hectic daily schedule attending classes
(
) punctuality in attending classes
(
) others
3. How often do you come late to class?
never
once in a day
once in a week
every class
4. During rainy days, you prefer to....
Go immediately
Skip the class
Wait until the rain stop
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A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
5. Have you ever rent a car in UMP?
yes
no
If yes, how much do you spent per month for renting?
Less than RM50
less than RM150
more than RM250
6. By not having a transport in UMP, your academic result
Better
worse
maintained
7. In your opinion, by not owning any transport in UMP, do you face any troubles or difficulties?
yes
no
SECTION C: Respondent’s Opinion
1. Should a college student own a car?
yes
no
2. What can UMP do to reduce transportation problem?
Allow all students to bring vehicle
Provide more parking spaces
Provide better walkway for students
Do nothing because UMP does not have transportation problems
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A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
(APPENNDICE A)Questionnaire
Survey question
Your identity will be kept anonymous, please answer the questionnaire
truthfully. Thank you for your co-operation.
SECTION A: Demographic
Tick answer that relevant to you:
(V1)
Gender:
male
(V2)
Age:
1
(V3)
Faculty:
1
(V4)
Year of study:
1
2
18-21
FIST
22-25
2
FKKSA
2
1
female
1
2
FKASA
3
2
3
25 and above
3
3
4
4
FKPPT
5
FSKKP
4
SECTION B: Transportation Among UMP Students
Please answer the following questions by ticking one answer that relevant to you:
(V5)1. Do you own any transport in UMP?
1
yes
2
no
If Yes, answer the questions in Part A. If No, answer the question in Part B.
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Part A
(V6) 1. What kind of vehicle do you own?
1
car
motorcycle
2
bicycle
3
4
others
(V7) 2. Do you have any transportation problem in UMP?
1
2
yes
no
(V8) 3. When do you start using own transport in UMP? (year of study)
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4 5
5
(V9) 4 . Do you have any problems by owning a transport in UMP?
1
yes
no
2
(V10) If yes, state the problems?
1
parking
2
traffic
3
maintenance
4
others
(V11) 5. How much do you spent on your fuel, maintenance etc, per month?
1
Less than RM50
2
less than RM150 3
more than RM250
(V12) 6. How often do you go out from campus (for non-academic purposes)?
1
everyday
once in a week
2
3
once in a month
4
never
(V13) 7. By owning a transport in UMP, your academic result is?
better
worse
maintained
1
2
3
(V14) 8. In your opinion, by owning a transport, does it help to overcome the transportation problem in
UMP?
yes
1
no
2
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A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
Part B
(V15) 1. Do you have any transportation problem in UMP?
1
yes
2
no
(V16) 2. Do you have any problems by not having a transport in UMP?
yes
1
no
2
(V17) If yes, state the problems?
( 1
) far distance from students residents to lecture buildings and other facilities around the campus.
(
2
) hectic daily schedule attending classes
(
3
) punctuality in attending classes
(
4
) others
(V18) 3. How often do you come late to class?
1
2
never
once in a day
3
once in a week
4
every class
(V19) 4. During rainy days, you prefer to....
1
2
Go immediately
Skip the class
3
Wait until the rain stop
(V20) 5. Have you ever rent a car in UMP?
1
yes
2
no
(V21) If yes, how much do you spent per month for renting?
1
Less than RM50
2
less than RM150
3
more than RM250
(V22) 6. By not having a transport in UMP, your academic result
1
Better
2
worse
3
maintained
(V23) 7. In your opinion, by not owning any transport in UMP, do you face any troubles or difficulties?
1
yes 2
no
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A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
SECTION C: Respondent’s Opinion
(V24) 1. Should a college student own a car?
1
yes
2
no
(V25) 2. What can UMP do to reduce transportation problem?
1
Allow all students to bring vehicle
2
Provide more parking spaces
3
Provide better walkway for students
4
Do nothing because UMP does not have transportation problem
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A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
Appendice B (Coding Sheet)
#VALUE!
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
R8
R9
R10
R11
R12
R13
R14
R15
R16
R17
R18
R19
R20
R21
R22
R23
R24
R25
R26
R27
R28
R29
R30
R31
R32
R33
R34
R35
R36
R37
R38
R39
R40
V1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
V2
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
V3
1
1
2
4
2
1
3
1
2
4
4
4
2
5
2
4
4
1
2
2
1
3
1
2
4
2
4
5
4
3
4
1
4
4
1
1
5
4
1
2
V4
2
2
4
1
4
2
4
2
1
2
2
3
3
2
1
2
3
3
4
3
2
4
2
2
4
3
4
1
1
2
1
2
2
3
2
3
2
2
3
3
V5
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
V6
V7
V8
1
2
2
2
2
4
2
2
4
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
3
3
1
2
1
1
1
3
1
1
3
1
1
2
1
2
3
1
1
20
28
11
6
24
10
10
14
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A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
2
3
4
20
12
0
10
3
13
17
10
7
16
V9
V10
V11
V12
V13
V14
1
4
2
2
3
1
1
3
3
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
4
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
3
3
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
1
1
3
11
3
14
V15
1
2
V16
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
3
1
1
2
1
2
2
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
2
1
3
3
2
1
14
8
13
13
6
22
13
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A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
10
2
2
3
10
1
10
1
0
18
2
4
3
V17
1
V18
3
1
V19
2
1
V20
1
1
V21
1
1
V22
3
3
V23
1
2
2
1
2
3
2
1
4
2
1
1
3
1
3
3
3
2
2
4
2
1
2
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
3
3
3
3
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
2
3
1
V24
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
V25
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
4
4
3
2
1
1
1
1
2
3
3
2
1
1
2
3
3
1
1
1
3
3
1
3
3
2
3
3
2
2
6
1
4
14
12
1
12
37
11
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A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
1
5
1
9
2
4
11
1
2
2
1
14
4
3
8
19
2
SECTION A:DEMOGRAPHIC
Gender
50%
50%
male
female
V1 :gender
Age
0%
30%
18-21
22-24
25 above
70%
V2 :age
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A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
Faculty
8%
FIST
27%
FKKSA
33%
FKASA
FKPPT
7%
FSKKP
25%
V3 :faculty
Year Of Study
10%
1
40%
20%
2
3
4
30%
V4 :year of study
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A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
SECTION B: TRANSPORTATION AMONG UMP STUDENTS
Students own transport in UMP
40%
yes
no
60%
V5 :UMP students own transport
Part A( respondents whom own transport in UMP)
Type of transport UMP student
own
bicycle, 12%
car
, 42%
motorcycle
, 46%
others
, 0%
V6:what kind of vehicle do you own?
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Transportation problem in UMP
Yes,
42%
No
,58%
V7:Do you have any transportation problem in UMP?
Year of study start using transport in
UMP
Year 3
, 9%
Year 2, 27%
Year 4
, 0%
Year 1, 64%
V8:When do you start using own transport in UMP?(year of study)
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Problems by owning a transport in
UMP
No
, 42%
Yes
, 58%
V9:Do you have any problems by owning a transport in UMP?
The problems arises by having
transport in UMP
traffic, 20%
maintenance,
13%
Parking, 54%
others
, 13%
V10: if yes,state the problems?
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Money spent for fuel,maintenance
ect,per month
more than
RM250, 4%
less than RM
150
, 42%
less than RM
50
, 54%
V11:How much do you spent on your fuel,maintenanceetc,per month?
Frequency of going out from
campus(for non academic purposes)
Once in a month,
4%
Once in a week
, 42%
Everyday
, 54%
Never
,
V12:How often do you go out from campus(for non academic purposes)
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By having a transport in UMP,your
academic result is
Better
, 25%
Worse
, 0%
Maintained,
75%
V13: By owning a transport in UMP,your academic result?
Owning a transport in UMP,does it
help to overcome the transportation
problem
No,
8%
Yes,
92%
V14:In your opinion,by owning a transport,does it help to overcome the transportation problem in UMP?
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A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
Part B ( respondents whom do not own any transport in UMP )
Transportation problem in UMP
25%
Yes
No
75%
V15: Do you have any transportation problem in UMP?
Facing problems by not having any
transport in UMP
19%
81%
Yes
No
V16 : Do you face any problems by not having a transport in UMP?
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Problems arises by not having any transport in
UMP
Far distance from students
residents to lecture buidings
and other facilities around
the campus
8%
46%
Hectic daily schedule
attending class
38%
Punctuality in attending
class
8%
V17: Problems arises by not having any transport in UMP
Frequency of coming late to class
6%
25%
Never
Once in a day
13%
Once in a week
56%
Every class
V18: How often do you come late to class?
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During rainy days,student
prefer to
6%
Go immediately
25%
Skip the class
69%
Wait until the rain
stop
V19: During rainy days, you prefer to...
Experience renting a transport
in UMP
No
13%
Yes
87%
V20: Have you ever rent a transport in UMP?
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Money spent per month for
renting transport in UMP
14%
0%
86%
Less than RM50
Less than RM150
Less than RM250
V21: If yes, how much do you spent per month for renting?
By not having any transport in
UMP, academic result is
Better
6%
Worse
6%
Mantained
88%
V22: By not having any transport in UMP, your academic result
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Facing any troubles or difficulties by
not owning any transport
25%
No
Yes
75%
V23: In your opinion, by not owning any transport in UMP, do you faced any troubles or
difficulties?
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A Study On Transportation Problem Among Students in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Students
SECTION C : RESPONDENT’S OPINION
UMP student should own transport
8%
yes
no
92%
V24 :Should a college student own a transport?
Ways UMP can do to reduce
transportation problem
allow students bring
vehicle
5%
27%
provide more parking
space
provide better walkways
for students
48%
20%
do nothing
V25 What can UMP do to reduce transportation problem?
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