Unit 2 - Measurement
2.1 Units of Measurement
 SI and Metric Systems
 measurements
 units
2.2 Scientific Notation
 Powers of 10
 Conversion from Standard Notation
 Conversion from Scientific Notation
2.3 Measured Numbers and Significant Figures
 Rules for SIG FIGS
 Determining correct number of SiG FIGS from:
 measuring devices
 written numbers
2.4 Significant Figures and Calculations
 rounding answers
2.5 Prefixes and Equalities
 6 physical quantities
 metric units
 converting within the metric system
2.6 Writing Conversion Factors
2.7 Problem Solving
 Using conversion factors to solve math
problems
 Picket Fence Method of Dimensional Analysis
2.8 Density
 Problem solving involving the Density Equation
I Can Statements:
(2.1)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Define and differentiate the SI and Metric Systems
Compare common metric measurements to their closest English equivalent
Identify both the measurement and unit when given a number and abbreviation
Write the correct abbreviation when given a specific unit
5. Identify the following 6 base units for both the SI and Metric system
A. length
C. mass
B. volume
D. temperature
E. time
F. amount of substance
(2.2)
6. List and name the 3 parts of a number written in scientific notation
A. coefficient
C. measurement unit
B. power of 10
7. Convert numbers from standard notation to scientific notation and vice-versa
(2.3, 2.4)
8. Identify and explain the difference between exact and measured numbers
9. Explain the origin of significant figures in terms of uncertainty
10. Explain the concept of uncertainty and explain how the uncertainty of a measuring device is
determined
11. Determine and record the correct number of significant figures from laboratory equipment
12. Apply the rules of SIG FIGS to determine the number of significant figures in any given number
13. Determine the correct number of significant figures to use when converting standard notation to
scientific notation and vice versa
14. Round any given number to the requested number of significant figures
15. Determine and round the answers of mathematical problems to the correct number of significant
figures
1
(2.5)
16. Identify and list 6 measureable physical quantities and their abbreviations
A. length (L)
C. volume (V)
E. temperature (T)
B. mass (m)
D. time (t)
F. amount of a substance (n)
17. Identify and list metric base units and their abbreviations for the 6 measureable physical
quantities
A. meter (m)
C. Liter (L)
E. degree Celsius (oC)
B. gram (g)
D. second (s)
F. mole (mol)
18. Name four metric prefixes and their power of 10 which make a number larger than the
base unit
A. deka- (101)
C. kilo- (103)
B. hecto- (102)
D. Mega- (106)
19. Name metric four prefixes and their power of 10 which make a number smaller than the base
unit
A. deci- (10-1)
C. milli- (10-3)
-2
B. centi- (10 )
D. micro- (10-4)
20. Use metric prefix to express equalities within the metric system (convert from one metric unit to
another)
(2.6, 2.7)
21. Define the term conversion factor
22. Write correct conversion factors for the following conversions:
A. metric-to-metric
C. English-to-English
B. metric-to-English
D. English-to-metric
23. Define the term dimensional analysis
24. Apply conversion factors to dimensional analysis
25. Use dimensional analysis to determine equalities between the metric and English systems
26. Use the picket-fence method of dimensional analysis
(2.8)
27. Write the density equation and define each term
28. Use the density equation to solve for any of the 3 variables
29. Use the density equation for more complicated problem solving
Vocabulary:










Base unit
Coefficient
Conversion factor
Density
Dimensional analysis
Equalities
Exact numbers
Le Systeme International d'Unites
Measured numbers
Measurement










Metric Prefixes
Picket fence method
Power of 10
SI base unit
SI System
Scientific notation
Significant figures
Standard notation
Uncertainty in measurement
Unit
2
Achievement Scale:
Goal
2.1
Units
of
Measurement
2.2
Scientific
Notation
2.3, 2.4
Significant
Figures
and
Measured
Numbers
and
Calculations
2.5
Prefixes
And
Equalities
2.6, 2.7
Writing
Conversion
Factors
And
Problem
Solving
2.8
Density
C Level
 Can define and differentiate both the SI and
Metric Systems
 Can identify both the measurement and unit
when given a number and abbreviation
 Can write the correct abbreviation when
given a unit
 Can identify the 6 base units in both the SI
and Metric System
 Can compare common metric
measurements with their closest English
equivalent
 Can name the 3 parts of a number written in
scientific notation
 Can convert from standard notation to
scientific notation and vice-versa
 Can identify and explain the difference
between exact and measured numbers
 Can explain the origin of significant figures
in terms of uncertainty
 Can explain the concept of uncertainty and
explain how the uncertainty of a measuring
device is determined
 Can identify and list 6 measureable physical
quantities and their abbreviations
 Can identify and list the metric units and
their abbreviations for the 6 measureable
physical quantities
 Can name four metric prefix and their
power of 10 which make a number larger
than the base unit
 Can name four metric prefix and their
power of 10 which make a number smaller
than the base unit
 Can use metric prefix to express equalities
within the metric system (convert from one
metric unit to another)
 Can define the word conversion factor
 Can write correct conversion factors
 Can define the term dimensional analysis
 Can apply conversion factors to dimensional
analysis
 Can use dimensional analysis to determine
equalities from metric-to-metric
 Write the density equation and define each
term
 Can use the density equation to solve for any
of the 3 variables
B Level
A Level
 Can round any given
number to the requested
number of SIG FIGS
 Can apply the rules of SIG
FIGS to determine the
number of significant
figures in any given
number
 Can determine and record
the correct number of SIG
FIGS from laboratory
equipment
 Can determine the correct
number of SIG FIGS to use
when converting from
standard to scientific
notation and vice-versa
 Can determine the correct
number of SIG FIGS for
math problems
 Can use dimensional
analysis to determine
equalities from metricto-English and vice
versa
 Can use the picket-fence
method of dimensional
analysis
 Use the density
equation for more
complicated problem
solving
3
Sample Questions:
C Level:
1. What is the SI System?
a system that names and defines the base units for physical quantities
2. What English measurement is closest in value to the metric Liter?
the quart
3. What physical quantity is represented by each of the following base units?, what is the abbreviation for
each physical quantity?
(a) meter
length (L)
(b) Kelvin (K)
Temperature (T)
4. What is the metric base unit for each of the following physical quantities?
(a) amount of a substance (n)
mole (mol)
(b) time (t)
second (s)
5. For each of the following metric base units, name the SI base unit along with its abbreviation.
kilogram (kg)
(a) gram
Liter (L)
(b) cubic meter (m3)
6. Identify the physical quantity and the measurement unit for each of the following.
(a) 16 oC
(b) 28 m
(c) 452 g
7.
Physical Quantity
Measurement Unit
temperature
length
mass
degree Celsius
meter
gram
(a) Convert 1,200,000 L to correct scientific notation. Don't forget units!
1.2 × 106 L
1.2
What is the power of 10 of this number? 106
(b) What is the coefficient of this number?
(c)
8.
(a) What is an exact number?
a counting number containing NO uncertainty
at some point the scale marks
on the measuring device run out making it necessary to "guess" at the
final number - this "guess" is the uncertainty
(b) Why are measuring device inherently uncertain?
4
9. List the 6 measureable physical quantities, their abbreviations, the metric base measurement for each
physical quantity, and the abbreviation for the metric base unit
Physical Quantity
and
Abbreviation
Metric Base Unit
and
Abbreviation
mass
volume
Length
Time
Temperature
Amount of a substance
grams (g)
Liters (L)
meter (m)
second (s)
degrees Celsius (oC)
mole (mol)
10. List 4 metric prefix along with their powers of 10 which make the amount larger than the base unit.
 deka101
 hecto kilo Mega-
102
103
106
11. Fill in the following:
100 centimeters
i) 1 meter = _______
12.
0.001 kilometers
ii) 1 meter = _______
106 micrometers
iii) 1 meter = _______
(a) Write a conversion factor for the conversion of inches to centimeters.
𝟐.𝟓𝟒 𝒄𝒎
𝟏 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒉
(b) Using the conversion factor from 12 (a), convert 57.83 inches to centimeters. Show all your work,
circle your final answer, and don't forget units!
57.86 inches ×
𝟐.𝟓𝟒 𝒄𝒎
𝟏 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒉
= 146.96 → 147.0 cm
13. What is the density of the fluid in a car battery if the fluid has a volume of 125 mL and a mass of 155 g?
Show all your work, circle your final answer, and don't forget units!
d=
𝒎
𝑽
→
𝟏𝟓𝟓 𝒈
𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝒎𝑳
𝒈
→ 1.24 𝒎𝑳
5
B Level:
14. Determine the number of SIG FIGS in each of the following and then round the number to 1 SIG FIG.
(i) 0.050 g
(ii) 22.03 m
SIG
FIGS
rounded
2
4
0.05 g
20 m
15. Convert 34 feet to centimeters. Show all your work, circle your answer, and don't forget units!
34 ft ×
𝟏𝟐 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒉𝒆𝒔
𝟏 𝒇𝒐𝒐𝒕
×
𝟐.𝟓𝟒 𝒄𝒎
= 1036.32 → 1,Ō00 cm
𝟏 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒉
𝑔
16. Determine the density (
) for a plastic material that weighs 2.68 lb and has a volume of 3.5 L.
𝑚𝐿
(HINT: 1 pound contains 453.6 grams) Show all your work, circle your answer, and don't forget units!
𝟐.𝟔𝟖 𝒍𝒃
𝟑.𝟓 𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒔
×
𝟏 𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒆𝒓
𝟏,𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝑳
×
𝟒𝟓𝟑.𝟔 𝒈
𝟏 𝒍𝒃
→ 0.34732 =
𝒈
0.35 𝒎𝑳
A Level:
17. Record the measurements on graduated cylinders A. and B. in the correct number of SIG FIGS. Don't
forget units!
36.5 mL
36 mL or 35.9 mL
A. ________________
B. ______________
18. Convert 1.5080 × 105 g to standard notation w/ the correct number of SIG FIGS
150,8Ō0 g
19. The following answer has the incorrect number of SIG FIGS. Determine the correct number of SIG FIGS
and re-write the answer. Don't forget units!
100.00 g ÷ 25.0 mL = 4
𝒈
𝒎𝑳
𝒈
→ 4.00 𝒎𝑳
20. Convert 30.0 yards to kilometers using the picket fence method of dimensional analysis. Show all your
work, circle your answer, and don't forget to use units!
30.0 yd 3 ft
12 in
1m
1 km
=
1 yd
1 ft
39.37 in
0.0274 km
1000 m
6
7