1\Over View
1\ A- Target population:This unit is directed to the second class students in the
physiotherapy department
1\ B- rationale:Therapeutic method is very important subject to be studied in
order to have a full knowledge about its definition, and causes
of disease, clinical feature, medical treatment, surgical
treatment, and physical treatment.
1\C- central idea:12345-
Tetraplegia and paraplegia definition
Causes of para and tetraplegia
Clinical feature
Complication
Rehabilitation
2\ performance objectives:12345-
Define the tetra and paraplegia
Determine the causes for para and tetraplegia
Explain the clinical feature for para and tetra
Mention of the complication
Discuss the programme of rehabilitation
3\ pre test:1- Define for the paraplegia mean
a-paralysis for the lower limb
b-paralysis for four limbs
c-paralysis for one side from the body
2- One causes for the tetraplegia
a-hip dislocation
b-road traffic accident
c-thrombosis
3- During the paraplegia paralysis appearance the clinical
feature
a-shoulder pattern of spasm depretion and internal
rotation
b-difficulty in speaking
c-loss of vasomotor response
4- Complication for the spinal cord injury occurs
a-congestive heart failure
b-stenosis in respiratory tract
c- general spinal shock
5- Uses for the treatment in early stage
a-application of splints in prevent contracture
b-complete rang of motion for the limbs
c-test vital capacity
Note:
-Check your answer in key answer page at the ending of
this modular unit.
-2degree for each.
4\ the text:paraplegia and tetraplegia means ?
 Paraplegia: - is partial or complete paralysis of both lower limbs
and all or part of trunk as a result of damage to the thoracic or
lumbar spinal cord or to the sacral roots.
Tetraplegia: - is define for paralysis either partial or complete
involving all four limbs and the trunk including the respiratory
muscles as a result of damage to the cervical spinal cord
Quiz 1: define paraplegia and tetraplegia ?
Note
Check your answers in key answer page at the ending of
this modular unit.
Tetraplegia and paraplegia cause by or occure
1- Road traffic accident
2- Industrial accident
3- Sport injury
4- Home accident
5- Myelitis
6- Tumour
7- Vascular accident (thrombosis or hemorrhage,
ischemia)
Quiz 2: enumerate causes ot para and tetra ?
Note
Check your answers in key answer page at the ending of
this modular unit.
Clinical feature
1. Paralysis can be flaccid or spastic depending on site of lesion.
2. Sensory loss (deep and superficial).
3. Incontinence (bowel and bladder).
4. Loss of vasomotor response.
5. Loss of sexual function impotence in the male.
Quiz3: determine the clinical feature for tetra and para?
Note
Check your answers in key answer page at the ending of
this modular unit.
Complication of soinal cord injury
a)
b)
c)
d)
General and spinal shock.
Pan – D.V.T- pulmonary embolism.
Respiratory failure in high lesion and respiratory infection.
Pressure sores- urinary tract infection
Quiz 4: explain the complication of spinal cord ?
Note
Check your answers in key answer page at the ending of
this modular unit.
The programme rehabilitation (generally)
1- Good bed posture and regular of position
2- Application of splints in prevent contracture (90 flexion)
3- Reduction of movement a-mat work b- resist exe
c- hydro therapy
4- Training in independence
a-transfer th from (wheel chair==car-bed-bath-toilet-floor)
b-wheel chair activities
c-standup from wheel chair
d-balance in standing + sitting
e-gait
5- Training in self care
6- Training in preparation for home
Quiz5: mention the programme rehabilitation ?
Note
Check your answers in key answer page at the ending of
this modular unit.
5\ post test
1- Define for the paraplegia mean
a-paralysis for the lower limb
b-paralysis for four limbs
c-paralysis for one side from the body
2- One causes for the tetraplegia
a-hip dislocation
b-road traffic accident
c-thrombosis
3- During the paraplegia paralysis appearance the clinical
feature
a-shoulder pattern of spasm depretion and internal
rotation
b-difficulty in speaking
c-loss of vasomotor response
4- Complication for the spinal cord injury occurs
a-congestive heart failure
b-stenosis in respiratory tract
c- general spinal shock
5- Uses for the treatment in early stage
a-application of splints in prevent contracture
b-complete rang of motion for the limbs
c-test vital capacity
6\ key answer
1- Pre test
1-a
2-b
3-c
4-c
5-a
2- post test
1- a
2- b
3-c
4- c
5- a
Quiz 1 paraplegia and tetraplegia means ?
 Paraplegia: - is partial or complete paralysis of both lower limbs
and all or part of trunk as a result of damage to the thoracic or
lumbar spinal cord or to the sacral roots.
Tetraplegia: - is define for paralysis either partial or complete
involving all four limbs and the trunk including the respiratory
muscles as a result of damage to the cervical spinal cord
Quiz 2 Tetraplegia and paraplegia cause by or occure
1- Road traffic accident
2- Industrial accident
3- Sport injury
4- Home accident
5- Myelitis
6- Tumour
7- Vascular accident (thrombosis or hemorrhage,
ischemia)
Quiz 3 Clinical feature
1. Paralysis can be flaccid or spastic depending on site of lesion.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Sensory loss (deep and superficial).
Incontinence (bowel and bladder).
Loss of vasomotor response.
Loss of sexual function impotence in the male.
Quiz 4 Complication of soinal cord injury
a) General and spinal shock.
b) Pan – D.V.T- pulmonary embolism.
c) Respiratory failure in high lesion and respiratory infection.
d) Pressure sores- urinary tract infection
Quiz 5 The programme rehabilitation (generally)
1- Good bed posture and regular of position
2- Application of splints in prevent contracture (90 flexion)
3- Reduction of movement a-mat work b- resist exe
c- hydro therapy
4- Training in independence
a-transfer th from (wheel chair==car-bed-bath-toilet-floor)
b-wheel chair activities
c-standup from wheel chair
d-balance in standing + sitting
e-gait
5- Training in self care
6- Training in preparation for home
References
 Promley ID tetraplegia and paraplegia and for
phyiostherapy

Neurological for physiotherapy
 Tidys massage and remedial exercises

internet