APHG Final Exam Review Guide
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For those of you that are not exempt from taking the final exam, APHG Final Exams will be administered on Wednesday,
December 19 and Thursday, December 20, dependent upon your class period. 100 of the following questions will appear on
your final exam.
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Every map projection has some degree of distortion because
Density and dispersion are independent statements about the location of things within a defined area. They are
different in that
The elements common to all spatial distributions are
A functional or nodal region is defined by
Absolute location
An assemblage of interrelated culture traits comprises a culture
.
When one culture group undergoes major change by adopting the characteristics of another, dominant group, it
has experienced
.
An example of relocation diffusion is offered by …
Contagious diffusion
Change within culture groups is induced by
The elements of the sociological subsystem of a culture include all of the following EXCEPT
When the effort involved in travel exceeds the willingness to travel, the control in operation is …
A person's activity space is primarily affected by
The gravity model states that …
Distance decay implies that
Which of the following is a push factor?
Consider the following data: From the data,
one might conclude that Country B
Country B
Country A
Crude birth rate 18 per 1000
Crude birth rate 38 per 1000
Crude death rate 9 per 1000
Crude death rate 18 per 1000
Zero population growth (ZPG)
The doubling time for world population at recent rates of increase is about
The continent with the highest total fertility rates overall is
The Malthusian theory is based on which of the following assumptions?
Some 90% of the world's population resides on less than what percent of its land area?
A broad-based population pyramid suggests that a country is in what stage of the demographic transition?
The crude death rate for wealthy Western Europe is much higher than that for Central America because
An expression of population pressure exerted on agricultural land is called
.
Rapid increases in life expectancy are characteristic of which stage of the demographic transition?
The spread of English as a worldwide language was the result of
The principal concentration of French-speaking North Americans is in
Language family relationships can be recognized through similarities in
Which of the following is NOT an Indo-European language?
The study of place names as evidence of past cultural presence and change is called
The world's oldest major religion is
Which of the following religions has remained dominant in its area of origin?
Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity have been called "universalizing" religions because each
A primary basis for the partition of the Indian subcontinent following British rule was to
When an immigrant group adopts cultural and social modifications that permit it to operate effectively within its
new social surroundings, the process is known as
From the 1870s to 1921, most of the immigrants to the United States came from
In many ethnically mixed societies, the assimilation of immigrants is being replaced by
Racial or cultural differences or national origins setting one group apart from a larger surrounding society are
marks of
The major source regions for immigrants into the United States today are
Folk culture in the United States
Popular culture
The least distinctive, most "Americanized" of the U.S. folk culture regions is
Folk and ethnic cultures are sharply contrasted because
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45. Intensive subsistence agriculture is characterized by
46. According to the von Thünen model, the most important determinant of the location of agricultural production
is the
47. The Green Revolution
48. All of the following statements about intensive subsistence agriculture are true EXCEPT that it
49. All of the following statements about shifting or swidden cultivation are true EXCEPT that
50. The von Thünen model tells us that the pattern of farm land use
51. Which of the following is NOT a primary activity?
52. Renewable resources are materials that
53. Tertiary activities are
54. The concept of comparative advantage provides an explanation for
55. Weber's analysis of location decisions
56. The major locational factor governing the location of the aluminum industry is
57. In Weberian analysis, the least-transport-cost location may be determined by means of the
58. Economies of association or agglomeration tend to be increased through
59. In locational interdependence theory, attention is directed not to variable costs but to variable
60. Quinary activities are really a specialized subset of the
61. Which of the following is NOT a meaningful distinction between developed and less developed countries?
62. The general determinants of health in developing countries include
63. Rostow's model of economic development indicates that before a country can achieve mass consumption,
64. Core-periphery models attempt to analyze
65. Economic development models suggest that income disparities between core and peripheral regions may be
reduced through
66. Rostow's stages of growth model tells us that preconditions for take-off are established when societies
67. Comparative economic and noneconomic data commonly used to identify countries' relative degrees of
economic development include
68. Central place theory assumes
69. Threshold refers to
70. In contrast to the developed countries, most developing world countries are
71. Population density in North American central cities is
72. The model that holds that the land-use pattern of major cities developed around more than one center of activity
is the
73. Christaller concluded that
74. The main shopping and financial heart of a city is called the
75. According to the concentric zone model, land uses are arranged in which order, moving outward from the center
of the city?
76. "Megalopolis" is the term used to describe a
77. Reapportionment is an attempt to
78. In contrast to a state, a nation
79. An example of gerrymandering would be establishing
80. The person who developed the "heartland theory" of geostrategy was
81. International economic alliances
82. The establishment of political boundaries in Africa by European imperial powers during the 19th century
83. All of the following statements about the European Union are true EXCEPT that it
84. A nation–state is a country
85. An identification with the state and an acceptance of national goals is called
86. The two preconditions common to all regional autonomy or separatist movements are
87. According to the Convention on the Law of the Sea, within its exclusive economic zone a state
88. Which of the following will NOT be a likely consequence of significant global warming?
89. All of the following are adverse impacts of acid precipitation EXCEPT
90. Which of the following has NOT been implicated in the process of desertification?
91. Which of the following is NOT a means of reducing the impact of solid waste on the environment?
92. The greenhouse effect is considered to be caused in large part by atmospheric increases of
93. Ozone layer depletion is believed to be caused by
94. Which of the following is NOT a water-related problem of regional or global concern?
95. Physiological density is
96. Which country has a low arithmetic density, but a high physiological density?
97. What region of North America is most densely populated?
98. The highest Crude Birth Rates (CBR) in the world are found in
.
99. Which population pyramid shows a population that is slowly growing?
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100. Which population pyramid shows a population whose total numbers is declining?
101. This is the measurement that shows the average number of people in an area’s population who are not
economically productive, who must be supported by the area’s economically productive population.
102. The total change in population of a country’s population is represented by which of the following equations?
103. A country’s Total Fertility Rate is
104. In order to replace its population only, a country needs a total fertility rate of
105. A country’s Crude Birth Rate (CBR) is
106. Presently, natural increase in population is primarily due to
107. The Natural Increase Rate (NIR) measures
108. Which statement about the Male-Female Sex Ratio is most accurate?
109. Thomas Malthus believed that
110. Into which stage of the demographic transition model would Brazil and Mexico fit?
111. Into which stage of the demographic transition model would Poland and Japan fit?
112. The phenomenon when a country experiences a decline in the total fertility rate so that it experiences no natural
increase is known as
113. The type of migration in which a person chooses to migrate is called
114. According to Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration, which group is most likely to move?
115. Reasons why a person feels compelled to leave his or her home area is called
116. Which of the following is an example of a pull factor?
117. The process of migrants moving to a specific location because relatives or members of the same culture have
already migrated and settled there is known as
118. A type of migration in which a person migrates in a series of short distance moves is called
119. A physical landscape feature or political policy that hinders migration is
120. Transhumance is
121. Which cultural hearth is credited with the creation of city-states, which eventually lead to the creation of the
concept of nation-state?
122. What is a politically organized territory that is administered by a sovereign government and recognized by a
large percentage of the international community?
123. In contrast to a state, a nation
124. Which of the following is an example of a nation seeking its own territory?
125. This type of shape can provide for efficiency in administration of a country.
126. Fragmented states can help create which type of forces within a state?
127. This shape can weaken centralized control of state territory and increase regionalism particularly in the areas
separate from the main state.
128. Which types of countries usually encompass diverse types of climates, resources and peoples?
129. A country with this shape can provide access to a resource, or it can separate two countries that would
otherwise share a boundary.
130. Which of the following is true for landlocked States?
131. A national group that aspires to become a nation-state but lacks the territory is a
132. The policy of a state wanting to add territory from another State inhabited by people who have cultural links to
their own State is
133. A boundary that uses physiological features like rivers or mountains is referred to as a(n)
134. The boundaries between which set of countries were established primarily to separate different religions?
135. Which type of boundary uses lines of latitude and longitude and not existing physical features?
136. This type of boundary line is established before an area is well populated.
137. Which of the following is the best example of a subsequent boundary?
138. A boundary forced upon existing cultural landscapes, a country, or a people by a conquering or colonizing power
is called a(n)
139. A former boundary line that is still visible and marked by some cultural landscape feature is a(n)
140. A weaker country that separates two powerful countries whose ideology and or political views conflict is a
141. A state whose territory closely corresponds to an ethnicity that has become a nationality is a
142. Which of the following areas is considered a shatterbelt?
143. This type of state has a centralized government and administration that exercises control equally over all parts
of the state?
144. This type of political framework has a central government but each of the sub-national entities has
representation and influence in the government process.
145. Political geographers consider which of the following as the core area of the United States?
146. Balkanization is most closely associated with which of the following terms?
147. These forces tend to bind together the citizens of a state.
148. This sub field of geography studies the political, economic and strategic significance of geography?
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149. What is it called when three or more states cooperate in order to promote shared objectives in the areas of
defense, economy or cultural cooperation?
150. Which famous cultural geographer theorized that the invention of agriculture took place in multiple hearths?
151. Herders who seasonally move their animals between mountain pastures and lowland valleys practice
152. Pastoral nomads potentially contribute to desertification by
153. According to the Human Development Index (HDI) which of the following would be considered a social
measurement of development?
154. In the countries of China, Vietnam and India which of the following sectors of the economy is losing the most
people?
155. Applying the Core-Periphery model, which of the following best describes the classification of South Korea,
Taiwan and Singapore?
156. Which of the following is considered the place of origin of the Industrial Revolution?
157. Which stage of the classic Demographic Transition Model (DTM) is most associated with the industrialization of
a country’s economy?
158. Computer technical support jobs are increasingly being outsourced to India, because of improvements in
telecommunication technology. Which term best exemplifies this trend?
159. A clustering of rubber tire and windshield producers near automobile assembly plants is best explained by the
benefits of
160. The Human Development Index (HDI) was derived with which of the following purposes in mind?
161. The textile industry in the United States has been more susceptible to out-sourcing than has the automobile
assembly industry for which of the following reasons?
162. Which of the following countries did many Asian countries follow as an example to development?
163. The concept of outsourcing is fundamentally based on which of the following economic principles?
164. What is the population of the fourth largest city in a country where the rank-size rule applies if the largest city is
one million in population?
165. A primate city is
166. Challenges for mega cities in More Developed Countries (MDCs) include
167. What geometric pattern is associated with Christaller’s Central Place Theory?
168. The maximum distance a person is willing to travel to frequent a service is called the
169. Which urban model best explains the spatial impact of automobiles and the construction of interstate highways
on metropolitan areas in the United States?
170. The idea that an environment influences, but does not strictly determine, how a culture interacts with the
environment is known as
171. A single attribute of culture is called a
172. The theory that the physical environment causes social and cultural development is called
173. The best example of cultural integration (where all elements of society are interwoven with the dominant
culture) in the United Stated is
174. A geographic assemblage of related culture regions is
175. Which of the following regions is considered a vernacular culture region?
176. Which cultural phenomenon below is not an example of syncretism?
177. Which of the following areas would be considered a cultural transition zone?
178. Which of the following is not an example of expansion diffusion?
179. Studying religions is important to understanding a culture because
180. This is the process by which a less dominant culture adopts some of the traits of a more dominant culture.
181. Which of these modern languages spread globally as a result of religion?
182. American English has adopted extensive vocabulary from which of the following languages?
183. A creole language
184. Early English was influenced by all of the following groups except the
185. Which of the following religions is currently the most important religion in its area of origin?
186. Europe‟s Roman Catholic population is largely concentrated in the southern part of the continent. This is most
likely due to
187. Which of the following can be considered the “parent” religion to Buddhism?
188. The Shi‟ite Muslim population is concentrated in
189. An example of a popular culture holiday that has transcended its folk culture roots is
190. A patriarchal society is one that
191. A GIS database
192. Map scale defines the
193. Which one of the following correctly lists the four main properties of maps?
194. Perceptual regions
195. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of regions?
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196. A street address is an example of
197. What term best exemplifies a person’s mental map?
198. What is the fastest growing religion in the world?
199. What religion is closely associated to the caste system in India?
200. What are the top five most populated countries in the world?
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