Name __________________________________________________________________ Period _______
Making Connections
• controlled experiment -
Vocabulary
• dependent variable -
Main Point
• Investigation of how ________________ circulation is
related to muscle ________________.
• How is heart rate related to exercise?
Key Questions
• What causes your fingers to get tired?
Regents Practice
• June 2010 #66
• June 2011 #83 & 84
• June 2012 #81
• June 2013 #84 & 85
Diffusion Through a Membrane
• diffusion -
Vocabulary
• selectively permeable -
Main Point
Key Questions
Regents Practice
• This lab investigated two selectively permeable
membranes; dialysis tubing and _____________________.
• What happens to starch, glucose, iodine?
• What is effect of adding salt to cell?
• What is this process called?
• What is the effect of adding low solute
concentration to cell?
• June 2010 # 67, 72-74
• June 2011 # 73, 85
• June 2012 # 78-80
• June 2013 # 73-75, 79&80
Relationships and Biodiversity
• gel electrophoresis -
Vocabulary
• restriction enzyme • chromatography -
Main Point
• To find the __________________between several species
of plants using structural and molecular evidence.
• Which type of evidence is more reliable when
testing a relationship?
Key Questions
• Provide a biological explanation for the common
characteristics these species share.
Regents Practice
• June 2010 #65, 68-71, 75
• June 2011 #76-82
• June 2012 #73-74, 82-85
• June 2013 # 76-78
BEAKS OF FINCHES
• natural selection -
Vocabulary
• niche • adaptation -
Main Point
• To demonstrate how ____________________ in beak
shape can affect natural selection.
• What adaptations caused your beak/bird to be
successful?
Key Questions
• What drives evolution?
Regents Practice
• June 2010 #76,77
• June 2011 #74-75
• June 2012 #75-77
• June 2013 #81-83
Making Connections answers
June 2010
66 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— As she continued to use her hand, her muscles became fatigued.
— Wastes built up.
— ATP was used up.
June 2011
83 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— When the student was sleeping, her activity was minimal and her pulse rate was slow. When
she was walking, she used more energy, resulting in an increased pulse rate.
— Pulse rate varies with activity level.
— Her body was maintaining homeostasis.
— Her heart beats faster when she is more active.
84 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— Increased pulse rate increases the availability of food and oxygen to cells.
— The pulse rate is an indication of the activity level of the body. Additional food and oxygen is
provided to body cells with an increase in pulse rate.
— increases the removal of wastes from cells
June 2012
81 Multiple Choice 4
June 2013
84 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— oxygen (O2)
— carbon dioxide (CO2)
— lactic acid
— adrenaline
85 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— Results from a larger sample are more reliable than results from a small sample.
— Using data from more students makes it more likely that the results will be accurate.
— You could compare the results for both boys and girls, which makes the study more valid.
Diffusion Through a Membrane
June 2010
67 [1] Allow 1 credit for diffusion or passive transport.
72 [1] Allow 1 credit for labeling the locations of the cell wall and the cell membrane and cytoplasm
on the diagram.
Example of a 1-credit response:
73 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— Place saltwater solution on one side of the coverslip. Then draw the saltwater solution under the
coverslip by placing a piece of paper towel on the opposite side.
— Place a drop of saltwater solution on one side of a coverslip and a paper towel on the other side.
74 [1] Allow 1 credit for showing that the membrane has pulled away from the cell wall.
June 2011
73 Multiple choice 3
85 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— The stoppers would pop out of the heated tubes and possibly injure someone.
— The test tubes may explode.
June 2012
78 [1] Allow 1 credit for drawing the expected location of the glucose molecules after 20 minutes.
79 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— All of the starch molecules would be in the artificial cell.
— The starch would not move out of the cell.
— The starch would stay in the cell.
80 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— A stain makes some organelles more visible.
— easier to see cell parts
June 2013
73 Multiple choice 1
74 Multiple choice 3
75 Multiple choice 2
79 [1] Allow 1 credit for stating both a description of the procedure and an explanation. Acceptable
responses include, but are not limited to:
— In procedure A, salt water is added to the cell. The reduced water concentration outside results in
water leaving the cell and its cytoplasm shrinks away from the cell wall.
— Put the cell in salt solution. Water moves out of the cell and the cell contents shrink.
80 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— In procedure B, distilled water is added to the cell. The distilled water goes into the cell and
restores the cytoplasm to the normal size.
— Process B is to add distilled water to dilute the salt water. Water will move into the cell and fill it
back up.
— Process B adds a new substance that causes water to reenter the cell.
Relationships and Biodiversity
June 2010
65 [1] Allow 1 credit for species A and B and for supporting the answer. Acceptable responses
include, but are not limited to:
— They are most closely related because there is only one difference in the sequence.
— They have the most in common.
68 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— According to diagram 3, C should look different from A and B.
— The stem cross sections show that A, B, and C have similar stem structure, indicating that they are
most likely closely related. Diagram 3 shows that only A and B are closely related.
69 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— A and B have the most bands in common.
70 2
71 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— DNA analysis is more reliable since the more similar the DNA, the closer the relationship.
— Organisms can have similar features, but the DNA coding for these features can be very different.
— DNA analysis might reveal the actual genetic makeup.
75 1
June 2011
76 MC 2
77 [1] Allow 1 credit for A.
78 [1] Allow 1 credit for species C or D or E and for supporting the answer. Acceptable responses
include, but are not limited to:
— Species C, because it became extinct.
— D, because it is no longer alive.
— Species E does not continue to the present.
79 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— enzymes
— restriction enzymes
— biological catalyst
80 [1] Allow 1 credit for W and Z and for supporting the answer.
— because 4 of the 5 bands are identical
— They have the greatest number of matching bands.
81 MC 3
82 MC 1
June 2012
73 MC 2
74 MC 1
82 MC 2
83 [1] Allow 1 credit for the correct amino acid sequences for species A.
85 [1] Allow 1 credit for A and supporting the answer. Acceptable responses include, but are not
limited to:
— It is most closely related to the endangered species because their amino acid sequences are
identical.
— It is most closely related to the endangered species because the DNA sequences are the most
similar.
Note: Allow credit for a response that is consistent with the student’s response to question 83.
June 2013
76 MC 1
77 [1] Allow 1 credit for completing the chart as shown below.
DNA base sequence: AAC GCC GTC CGC TAG
mRNA codons:
UUG CGG CAG GCG AUG
78 [1] Allow 1 credit for 4.
Beaks of Finches
June 2010
76 2
77 2
June 2011
74 2
75 3
June 2012
75 1
76 1
77 [1] Allow 1 credit for small tree finch and supporting the answer. Acceptable responses include,
but are not limited to:
— The small tree finch eats animals, whereas the other two birds are plant eaters.
— It is the only one that eats mainly animal food.
— The small tree finch eats animals.
— Since the other two species eat plant food, not animal food, a decreased insect population will not
affect them.
June 2013
81 3
82 4
83 [1] Allow 1 credit for indicating if both species could survive and supporting the answer.
Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— Yes, but only if there is food that the Akialoa can eat, since it has a very different beak.
— No, because the environment might not contain the type of food the Akialoa can eat.
— Yes, because they won’t compete for food.
— Yes, if they have different niches.
— No, it is not the habitat that the Akialoa are adapted to.
— Yes, because based on beak shape, they eat different foods.