Name: _______________
Geology Test Review
1. The “basic building blocks” of rocks are __________________.
2. When minerals form a definite shape and their surfaces have
faces, we say the mineral has formed a(n) __________________.
a. elements
b. compounds
c. minerals
d. crystal
3. Rocks made from hot melted rock that cools and hardens are
called __________________ rocks.
4. The process where rocks change from one type of a rock to
another type of rock over and over again is called the
__________________________.
a. rock cycle
b. carbon cycle
c. endless cycle
d. nitrogen cycle
5. A dinosaur footprint found in a rock is called a ___________.
6. Melted rock found beneath the Earth’s surface is called
______________.
7. Rocks that have been changed by intense heat and/or pressure
are called ______________________rocks.
8. Small pieces of rock, mud, sand, clay and silt that are carried
by water from one place to another are called _______________.
9. Rocks that form when layers of sand, silt, clay and mud are
pressed and cemented together are called ______________rocks.
10. The process where rocks are broken down by rain, wind, heat
and cold is called _____________________.
a. compaction
b. deposition
c. erosion
d. transport
11. If a melted rock were to cool very quickly, where would it
most likely have been located when it cooled?
a. deep beneath the Earth’s surface
b. any place, anywhere
c. on top of the Earth’s surface
d. inside the Earth
12. ROCK CYCLE: Label the below arrow with:
1. Weathering and erosion 2. Heat and pressure
3. Melting
4. Cooling
5. Compaction and cementation
13. Describe the layers of the Earth:
 Coreo Inner Coreo Outer Core Mantle Crusto Continental Crusto Oceanic Crust14. Is the continental crust or the oceanic crust thicker?
15. Is the continental crust or the oceanic crust denser?
16. Describe Wegener’s theory of Pangaea and continental drift.
17. What is a tectonic plate?
18. What is the lithosphere?
19. When plates interact with each other we call those places
plate boundaries. Draw and describe the differences between:
Convergent
Divergent
Transform
20. Which of the above causes sea floor spreading?
How do you know?
21. What is a fault?
22. Why does the ring of fire produce such a large amount of the
world’s volcanoes and earthquakes?
23. Describe the ways that mountains can be built.
24. About how far do the lithosphere plates move each year?
25. Label the below picture of the Earth’s major layers.