Rocks and Minerals
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1. Rocks that are produced when magma or lava cools and hardens are called ____.
a. igneous rocks
c. sedimentary rocks
b. metamorphic rocks
d. all of the above
____
2. Rocks are foliated or nonfoliated depending on their ____.
a. hardness
c. layers or lack of layers
b. cleavage and fracture
d. streak
____
3. The word metamorphic means ____.
a. "change of form"
b. "produced by heat"
c. "changed under extreme pressure"
d. all of the above
____
4. Broken pieces of what types of rock are deposited into layers and cemented together to form sedimentary
rock?
a. sedimentary
c. metamorphic
b. igneous
d. all of the above
____
5. Which can occur in the rock cycle?
a. Sedimentary rock is heated and squeezed to form metamorphic rock.
b. Igneous rock is eroded to form metamorphic rock.
c. Metamorphic rock melts to form sedimentary rock.
d. none of the above
____
6. The size of mineral crystals in igneous rocks ____.
a. helps classify the rocks
b. depends on the temperature at which magma forms
c. depends on the mineral content of magma
d. all of the above
____
7. The rock cycle shows each rock ____.
a. as it was millions of years ago
b. as it is in recent times
c. on a continuing journey
d. as it was originally formed
____
8. Which statement best describes how rocks are classified as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic?
a. Rocks are classified by where they are found.
b. Rocks are classified by how old they are.
c. Rocks are classified by how they were formed.
d. Rocks are classified by their color.
____
9. Holes drilled several kilometers into Earth’s crust provide direct evidence about Earth’s interior in the form of
a. seismic waves.
b. rock samples.
c. liquid iron.
d. volcanic eruption.
____ 10. What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s layers?
a. crust, outer core, inner core, mantle
b. mantle, outer core, inner core, crust
c. crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
d. outer core, inner core, crust, mantle
____ 11. The transfer of energy through empty space is called
a. conduction.
b. convection.
c. radiation.
d. subduction.
____ 12. Which form of heat transfer takes place when you touch a hot stone?
a. convection
b. subduction
c. conduction
d. radiation
____ 13. To describe a rock’s texture, geologists determine
a. the color and density of the rock.
b. how the rock formed.
c. the size, shape, and pattern of the rock’s grains.
d. the mineral composition of the rock.
____ 14.
The most abundant type of intrusive rock in the continental crust is
a. slate.
b. granite.
c. flint.
d. quartzite.
____ 15. An igneous rock commonly used as building material is
a. sandstone.
b. marble.
c. slate.
d. granite.
Matching
Match each term with the correct description below.
a. ore
d. gem
b. mineral
e. rock
c. rock cycle
____ 16. a model that shows how rocks are recycled from one type to another
____ 17. classified as igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
Match each term with the correct description below.
a. crystals
d. metamorphic rocks
b. igneous rocks
e. sedimentary rocks
c. fossil
____ 18. rocks that form when magma or lava cools
____ 19. rocks formed when older rocks are heated and/or squeezed
____ 20. rocks formed when pieces of rocks, plant and animal matter, or dissolved minerals gather into layers
Short Answer
21. Match Rock A with the correct rock from the following list: slate, breccia, granite, limestone, conglomerate,
gneiss. Classify Rock A into one of the three major rock groups and explain how it formed.
22. Match Rock C with the correct rock from the following list: slate, breccia, granite, limestone, conglomerate,
gneiss. Classify Rock C into one of the three major rock groups and explain how it formed.
23. Match Rock D with the correct rock from the following list: slate, breccia, granite, limestone, conglomerate,
gneiss. Classify Rock D into one of the three major rock groups and explain how it formed.
24. Match Rock E with the correct rock from the following list: slate, breccia, granite, limestone, conglomerate,
gneiss. Classify Rock E into one of the three major rock groups and explain how it formed.