Name: ________________________________________ DNA, RNA, and Snorks In this activity, you will examine the DNA sequence of a fictitious organism - the Snork. Snorks were discovered on the planet Dee Enae in a distant solar system. Snorks have 7 pairs of chromosomes. Each pair of chromosomes has the same type of gene on it. For example both chromosome ones contain a gene for body covering and both chromosome twos contain a gene for body style. While the type of gene are the same on a pair of chromosomes, the specific version of the gene (allele) may be the same or may be different. For example, one Snork may have a gene that codes for a hairless trait on one of its chromosome ones and a gene that codes for a hairy trait on the other chromosome one. Another snork may have genes that code for the hairless trait on both chromosome ones. Your job is to analyze the two genes on each chromosome to determine what trait these genes code for. Then, using the information and table below, predict which trait will show up in the Snork and draw the Snork. IMPORTANT! Follow these important rules for gene expression: 1. If the Snork has two dominant or two recessive genes, that is the gene that is expressed. 2. If one of the genes is dominant and the other recessive, the dominant trait is expressed. 3. If the genes are incomplete dominance, a mix of both traits will be expressed. For example, if the Snork has chromosomes with genes for both blue and red pigment in skin (or hair), the Snork will be purple. Genes Gene 1- body covering Gene Expression Amino Acid Sequence Phenotype/Trait val – ser – leu Hairless val – ser – lys Hairy tyr – pro – glu – glu – lys Plump val – pro – thr – glu – lys Skinny leu –leu- ser-a la 2 legged Dominant leu – leu – leu – pro 3 legged Recessive ala – val- val Round head Dominant val- ala- ala Square head Recessive ser – pro – val Blue pigment (hair/skin) val – phe – tyr Red pigment (hair/skin) asp – ile – leu – leu – pro – thre Brown eyes Dominant asp – ile – pro–pro – pro – thre Purple eyes Recessive phe – phe – gly Rounded floppy ears Dominant phe – ser – gly Pointed standing-up ears Recessive Gene 2- body style Incomplete Dominance Incomplete Dominance Incomplete Dominance Incomplete Dominance Gene 3- legs Gene 4- head shape Gene 5- body pigment Gene 6- eyes Gene 7 – ears Incomplete Dominance Incomplete Dominance Name: ________________________________________ Codon Wheel Name: ________________________________________ Snapple Snork Using the table below, transcribe the DNA into mRNA and then translate the mRNA into amino acids. Use the codon wheel to determine the amino acid sequence and thus the traits of your Snork. Draw your Snork on the back and answer the questions. Chromosome # DNA Sequence 1 CAG TCG TTT CAT AGA TTT 2 CAA GGG TGT CTT TTT CAA GGA TGA CTT TTC 3 GAG AAT TCA CGC GAA GAG GAG GGG 4 CAA CGC CGA CAA CGC CGA 5 CAA AAA ATG CAT AAA ATA 6 CTA TAA GGG GGG GGG TGG CTA TAA GGG GGG GGG TGG 7 AAG AAA CCC AAA AGA CCA mRNA 1. Why does the Snork have two sets of chromosomes per gene? Amino Acid Sequence Trait D/R/I? D= Dominant R=Recessive I=Incomplete Dominance 2. What are some traits in humans that might be dominant or recessive or incomplete dominant? How do you know? 3. Compare and contrast your Snork to another Snork of your choosing (from your group). Do any traits have similarities in phenotype but differences in the DNA sequence? Explain. Name: ________________________________________ Snicker Snork Using the table below, transcribe the DNA into mRNA and then translate the mRNA into amino acids. Use the codon wheel to determine the amino acid sequence and thus the traits of your Snork. Draw your Snork on the back and answer the questions. Chromosome # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 DNA Sequence mRNA Amino Acid Sequence Trait D/R/I? CAG TCG TTT CAT AGA TTT ATG GGG CTT CTC TTT ATG GGG CTC CTT TTT GAG AAT TCA CGC GAG AAT TCA CGC CGA CAA CAC CAA CGC CGA CAA AAA ATG AGA GGG CAT CTA TAG AAT GAC GGG TGG CTA TAA GGG GGG GGG TGG AAA AGA CCA AAG AGC CCA 1. Why does the Snork have two sets of chromosomes per gene? D= Dominant R=Recessive I=Incomplete Dominance 2. What are some traits in humans that might be dominant or recessive or incomplete dominant? How do you know? 3. Compare and contrast your Snork to another Snork of your choosing (from your group). Do any traits have similarities in phenotype but differences in the DNA sequence? Explain. Name: ________________________________________ Snoopy Snork Using the table below, transcribe the DNA into mRNA and then translate the mRNA into amino acids. Use the codon wheel to determine the amino acid sequence and thus the traits of your Snork. Draw your Snork on the back and answer the questions. Chromosome # DNA Sequence 1 CAT AGG GAG CAG TCG GAA 2 ATG GGG CTC CTT TTT CAA GGA TGA CTT TTC 3 4 5 6 7 mRNA Amino Acid Sequence Trait D/R/I? GAA GAG GAG GGG AAT AAT GAC CGC CGA CAA CAT CAA CGC CGA AGA GGG CAT AGA GGG CAT CTA TAA GGG GGG GGG TGG CTA TAA GGG GGG GGG TGG AAA AGA CCA AAG AGC CCA 1. Why does the Snork have two sets of chromosomes per gene? D= Dominant R=Recessive I=Incomplete Dominance 2. What are some traits in humans that might be dominant or recessive or incomplete dominant? How do you know? 3. Compare and contrast your Snork to another Snork of your choosing (from your group). Do any traits have similarities in phenotype but differences in the DNA sequence? Explain. Name: ________________________________________ Snuffle Snork Using the table below, transcribe the DNA into mRNA and then translate the mRNA into amino acids. Use the codon wheel to determine the amino acid sequence and thus the traits of your Snork. Draw your Snork on the back and answer the questions. Chromosome # DNA Sequence 1 CAT AGG GAG CAG TCG TTT 2 GAA GAG GAG GGG CAA GGA TGA CTT TTC 3 4 5 6 7 mRNA Amino Acid Sequence Trait Is it D/R/I? GAA GAG GAG GGG AAT AAT GAC CGC CAA CGC CGA CAA CGC CGA CAT AAA ATA AGA GGG CAT CTA TAA GGG GGG GGG TGG CTA TAA GGG GGG GGG TGG AAG AAA CCC AAG AAA CCC 1. Why does the Snork have two sets of chromosomes per gene? D= Dominant R=Recessive I=Incomplete Dominance 2. What are some traits in humans that might be dominant or recessive or incomplete dominant? How do you know? 3. Compare and contrast your Snork to another Snork of your choosing (from your group). Do any traits have similarities in phenotype but differences in the DNA sequence? Explain.