Reactions in Aqueous Solutions Cornell Notes
I.
Aqueous Solutions
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, their ions can separate—a
process called _______________________.
A solution is ___________________________________________________
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There are two parts to a solution:
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________________________
A solute is _____________________________________________________
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A solvent is ____________________________________________________
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An aqueous solution is ___________________________________________
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Although __________ is always the ___________ in aqueous solutions,
there are many possible solutes.
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Molecular compounds
o ________________________________
o ________________________________
Acids (compounds that produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solution)
o ________________________________
o ________________________________
Ionic Compounds
o ________________________________
II.
Ionic Equations
Chemical equations do not show the formation of ________ in solution.
Ex: 2NaOH(aq) + CuCl2(aq)  2NaCl(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
__________equations are written to show the details of reactions that
involve ions in aqueous solutions.
Ex: 2Na+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) + Cu2+ + 2Cl-(aq)  2Na+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
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___________ is called a complete ionic equation.
Spectator ions are ______________________________________________
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2Na+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) + Cu2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq)  2Na+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
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Sodium and chloride ions are reactants AND products—they do not
participate in the reaction
A net ionic equation is ___________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
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No evidence of a chemical reaction is observable because water is colorless,
odorless, and already makes up most of the solution.
2Na+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) + Cu2+ + 2Cl-(aq)  2Na+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
Ex: HBr(aq) + NaOH(aq)  H20(l) + NaBr(aq)
Net ionic equation:
Complete ionic equation: H+(aq) + Br-(aq) + Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) H2O(l) +
Na+(aq) + Br-(aq)
2OH-(aq) + Cu2(aq)  Cu(OH)2(s)
III.
Types of Reactions in Aqueous Solutions
Net ionic equation: H+(aq) + OH-(aq) H2O(l)
C. Reactions that form Gases
Double-replacement reactions occur when two aqueous solutions that
contain ions as solutes are combined.
Double replacement reactions can also produce gases.
These types of reactions can produce:
Gases that are commonly produced are:
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A.
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Reactions that form Precipitates
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Ex: 2HI(aq) + Li2S(aq)  H2S(g) + 2LiI(aq)
When aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide and copper (II) chloride are
mixed, a double replacement reaction occurs in which a solid copper (II)
hydroxide forms.
Complete ionic equation: 2H+(aq) + 2I-(aq) + 2Li+(aq) + S2-(aq)  H2S(g) +
2Li+(aq) + 2I-(aq)
2NaOH(aq) + CuCl2(aq)  2NaCl(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
Net ionic equation: 2H+(aq) + S2-(aq)  H2S(g)
______________________________________________________________
____________________________ is called a precipitate.
Ex: 2NaOH(aq) + CuCl2(aq)  2NaCl(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
Complete ionic equation: 2Na+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) + Cu2+ + 2Cl-(aq)  2Na+(aq) +
2Cl-(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)
Net ionic equation: 2OH-(aq) + Cu2(aq)  Cu(OH)2(s)
B. Reactions that form Water
Some reactions produce water molecules.