Name
Assignment One- Heeeellllllo Greece!
Directions: After reading pages 4-9 in the Ancient
Greece book, answer the following questions in COMPLETE
sentences in your notebook. Be sure to write neatly and
with much detail because these will become your Ancient
Greece notes!
1. How many years did the Greek civilzation last? It lasted from 2000B.C. to 200 B.C.
2. What was the period between 500 B.C. and 400 B.C. called? The Classical period.
3. Describe what a city-state was. A city-state, or polis, was based around one city
and included all the surrounding farms, villages, and houses.
4. Describe the landscape of mainland ancient Greece and the islands that surround
it. The mainland and islands are hot and dry with many high mountains and steepsided valleys. The mainland is surrounded almost entirely by water.
5. How did geography of the land affect farming? Because the mountainside was so
rugged, the ancient Greeks had to farm near the coats and sheltered valleys. Their
most important crops were wheat, barley, grapes and olives.
6. How did the ancient Greeks do most of their traveling and why? The Greeks traveled
by sea whenevr they could because travel by land was so difficult.
7. Describe Athens. Athens was the city of education and learning. Athenian
philosphers and artists were famous and about 300,00 people lived in the city and
surrounding countryside.
8. Describe Sparta. Sparta was famous for its strength and Athens greatest rival.
9. Why were they rivals? They each tried to gain control of all of Greece.
10.
What was the acropolis? It means “high city” and it was built on top of a
high hill.
11.
What was the Parthenon? It was the main temple of the city.
12.
What was the Peloponnesian War? How long did it last? The rivalry between
Athens and Sparta led to war and Sparta attacked Athens first. Sparta won but both
cities were weak after 27 years of fighting.
Assignment Two- Calling All Citizens
Directions: After reading pages 10-13 in the Ancient Greece book,
answer the following questions in COMPLETE sentences in your
notebook. Be sure to write neatly and with much detail because
these will become your Ancient Greece notes!
1. Compare citizens and slaves. How were they alike? How were they different?
Citizens were most important and had the most rights. They could own property and
take part in polictics and the law. Slaves were usually captured prisoners of war.
They were brought and sold like property. Most were paid for their work and could
buy their freedom.
2. What is a democracy? A democracy is a political system of government by the
citizens. Only men with property were entitled to be citizens with the right to
vote.
3. Who was Ptolemy and what did he believe? Ptolomey was a Greek scholar who believed
the the Earth was the center of the universe.
4. Copy the chart below into your notebook and fill in the missing information.
Philosopher
Socrates
Hippocrates
Plato
Aristotle
Why he was important
One of the first great philosophers,
taught the value of questioning common
beliefs in order to find new ideas and
explore new truths. His pupil was
Plato.
Founded a medical school, where he
practiced scientific medicine instead
of magic or religion. He taught the
value of knowing how the body worked.
Founded a school for philospohers
called the Academy. Pupil was
Aristotle.
He examined living things in nature.
He also wrote onmany
subjects,including politcis, and
invented a method of thinking called
logic. He was a student of Plato.
Assignment Three- It’s All Greek to Me!
Directions: After reading pages 14-17 in the Ancient Greece
book, answer the following questions in COMPLETE sentences in
your notebook. Be sure to write neatly and with much detail
because these will become your Ancient Greece notes!
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1. Use the Glossary to define the following terms:
a.
Soothsayer- a person who could predict the
furture and tell fortunes
b.
Sacrifice- an offering made to a god to bring
good fortune or to ask the god not to be angry
c.
Oracle- a holy place where the gods could be
asked questions with the help of a priest or priestess
What were The Olympic games? Give atleast three detaiols about them. The Olympic
Games was an event held evry four years in honor of Zeus. People came from all
over Greece to compete in athletic events. Events included: boxing, wrestling,
discus throwing, javelin throwing, long jumping, running and chariot races. It
lasted five days and wars were stopped.
What was the earliest form of Greek writing? How did the Greeks pass down news or
events before writing them down? Poetry was the earliest form of writing and Homer
was the first major poet. Before writing, people passed on the news of events by
word of mouth.
How did drama develop? Drama developed from songs and dances to honor the gods.
What were the two types of plays? Describe each one. There were two types of
plays: comedies and tragedies. Comedies made fun of politics, religion, and
important people. Tradegies were sad and violent tales of love and war.
What did Greek actors always wear and what were they like? Greek actors always
wore masks which depicted different facial expressions and moods. Wide mouths made
it easier to project their voices.
Assignment Four- Welcome Home
Directions: After reading the final section, pages 18-24 in
the Ancient Greece book, answer the following questions
in COMPLETE sentences in your notebook. Be sure to
write neatly and with much detail because these will become
your Ancient Greece notes!
1. Describe a typical home in ancient Greece. Greek houses were arranged around a
courtyard with and atler in the middle. They were made from mud bricks dried in
the sun.
2. Describe a chiton. A plain square of material that was fastened over one or both
shoulders and belted around the waist.
3. What was a peplos? Women wore this long tunic.
4. How did the Greeks keep clean? The Greeks had public baths where they used olive
oil to get clean.
5. Describe the foods of ancient Greece. The ancient Greek diet was simple and very
healthy. The ate bread, cheese, fruit, vegtables, eggs and very little meat.
Fruits such as pomegranates, dates, melons, and figs. Vegetables such as peas,
beans, turnips, garlic and onions.
6. What was a symposium? A symposium was a drinking party after a meal where men
would continue discussions.
7. What was sweetmeats? Sweetmeats were treats made from dates, figs, nuts, sesame
and honey.
8. Give some examples of Greek art. Greek art consisted of elegant pots covered in
patterns and paintings, statues made from stone or bronze.
9. What was it like for boys and girls growing up in ancient Greece? Greek boys went
to school from the age of 7 to 15. They learned reading, writing, math, music,
poetry, and sports. Girls were taught to cook and look after the house by their
mothers.
Chapter 2 Textbook Notes
Ancient Greece
Myths- stories about the origins and doings of the gods. They attempt to
explain how and why things happen; explain natural events and the joys
and tragedies of life.
History- is an account of what actually happened
Epic- a long narrative poem about great heroes and their deeds.
Homer- a blind Greek poet who lived between 800 B.C. and 700 B.C.
Two epics he wrote were: the Illiad and the Odyssey.
Illiad- epic poem about the Trojan War.
Odyssey- is the story about Odysseus’ travels.
Troy vs. Greece
 Lasted ten years
 Began because the son of the king of Troy, named Paris, carried off
Helen, the wife of the king of Sparta
 Based on Homer’s account, Odysseus, a Greek solider, thought of a
plan to defeat the Trojans
 They pretended to be defeated and withdrew their troops to the
river to sail home
 A large wooden horse was left behind, hiding inside was the best
Greek warriors
 After the Trojans pulled the horse behind its walls, the warriors
came out at night and won the bloody conflict
 Herodotus- was the first Greek historian
 Greek gods and goddesses played an important role in ancient
Greece
 Each had a special function or job
 They were believed to never grow old and were more powerful than
humans
 They had favorite humans that they helped and protected
 They sent misfortune to those that displeased, angered them
 The twelve most important gods and goddesses lived on Mount
Olympus, the highest mountain in Greece. They were called the
Olympians.
God/ Goddess
Gender
Role
Zeus
male
rule the gods on Mount Olympus
Poseidon, Zeus’
male
god of the sea and earthquakes
brother
Hera, Zeus’ wife
female
goddess of marriage
Hestia, Hera’s sister female
protected homes
Hephaestus
male
blacksmith for the gods
Aphrodite
female
goddess of love
Athena
female
goddess of war and wisdom
Ares
male
god of battle
Apollo
male
god of music, poetry, purity
Artemis, Apollo’s twin female
goddess of hunting
sister
Demeter
female
goddess of agriculture
Hermes
male
messenger of the gods
Other gods and goddesses:
God/ Goddess
Gender
Role
Hades, Zeus’ brother male
god of the underworld
Dionysus
male
god of grapes and winemaking
Other information about Ancient Greece
Direct democracy- the democracy of Athens where all citizens
participated directly in the making of decisions.
This form was good for Athens because it was a small community.
Indirect democracy- citizens do not directly participate in the
everyday workings of government.
This is the form of democracy here in the United States. Our
citizens elect representatives, the members of Congress, to make laws
and important decisions.
A direct democracy would not work in the U.S. because there are so
many people that it would be impossible for all of them to assemble in
one place.
Textbook Lesson 3- Alexander the Great
Who was Alexander the Great?
 Alexander the Great was a Macedonian ruler at the age of 20.
 He united Greece and conquered many lands, including Egypt,
Persia and beyond.
 He wanted to spread Greek culture because he thought it was
the best in the world.
 Culture is made up of a people’s language, ideas, arts, and
general way of life.
 He did this by establishing Greek colonies in Egypt and the
Middle East.
 A colony is a settlement of people living in a new territory far
from the country that rules it.
 Alexander was known as “the Great” because he conquered the
largest empire the world had ever known.
 Gymnasiums were places where Greeks could gather to hold
discussions, read, and participate in athletic training.
Textbook Lesson 4- Greek Achievements
 Philosophy- the love of wisdom; famous philosophers: Socrates,
Plato, Aristotle
 Architecture- Parthenon: the temple to Athena that sat on the
Acropolis- a high rocky hill so all could see. Columns: three
styles:
Doric- plain capital, or top
Ionic- capital with scrolls
Corinthian
- capital has
carved stone leaves
 Amphitheaters- large open-air theaters in a semi-circle
shape. Stone seats ascend into the hillside.