Rukwa Region in brief
1.1 The Region Background
Rukwa Region came into being in 1974 when part of Mbeya and Tabora
Regions were demarcated to form a new Region. The region is located in the
South-Western part of Tanzania between 05◦S - 07ºS and 30 – 310 E. The recent
formation of Katavi region left Rukwa Region with an area of 27,765 km2; Whilst
21,160 km2 is land area, the remaining 6,605 km2 are covered with water bodies.
The Region is divided into three (3) Districts namely Kalambo, Nkasi and
Sumbawanga which form four (4) Local Government Authorities (LGA) namely
Sumbawanga Municipal Council, Sumbawanga District Council, Kalambo
District Council and Nkasi District Council. The Region has 16 Divisions, 64 Wards
and 318 Villages.
Table 1.1: Rukwa Region Administrative Distribution Units by Districts (LGAs)
LAND AREA
DISTRICT
(SQ KM)
DIVISION
WARDS
LGAs
VILLAGES
Sumbawanga
MC
Sumbawanga
DC
1,329
2
15
8,871
4
15
Kalambo
Kalambo DC
4,441
5
17
100
Nkasi
Nkasi DC
13,124
5
16
17
93
64
318
Sumbawanga
TOTAL
27,765
24
101
Source : Regional Commissioners’ Office 2013
1.2 Boundaries and Location
The Region borders with Zambia to the Southwest, the Democratic Republic of
Congo (DRC) to the West across Lake Tanganyika, Katavi Region in the North
and Mbeya to the Southeast. The highest point of the region is at Malonje in the
Ufipa plateau at 2,461 meters above sea level and the lowest point is Lake
Tanganyika at 773 meters above sea level.
Rukwa Brief
1.3 Climate
The Region enjoys tropical climate with mean temperatures ranging between
13oC in some places for the months of June and July to 270C in the hottest
months of October to December. We have unimodal reliable rainfall for many
years; it ranges between 800 – 1300 mm per annum falling from November
through May. The dry season occurs after the rain season and lasts in October.
1.4 People and Culture
The major languages spoken in this region include Swahili, Fipa, Mambwe,
Lungu, Nyamwanga and English is also spoken by limited number of people.
With exception of English and Swahili, the other spoken languages are
vernacular (specific to a particular tribe).
The main staple foods are maize, rice and beans with exception of some parts
of Lake Tanganyika and Rukwa where cassava, fish and rice are the main
source of food. Other food crops widely available include groundnuts, finger
millet, potatoes, sorghum, wheat and sugarcane. Meat is easily available from
the Agro-pastoral’s community who traditionally keep varieties of domestic
animals such as cattle, goats, sheep, pigs, rabbits chicken, ducks, guinea fowls,
and pigeons.
1.5 Region Population
According to 2012 Population and Housing Census the Region had a population
of 1,004,539 people, 487,311 being males and 517,228 females and the forecast
for 2014 is 1,076,087 people according to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) as
per growth rate of 3.5%.
Table 1.2: Population of Rukwa Region by Sex in Districts/Council
S/N
District/Council
Male
Female
Total
1
2
Kalambo District Council
Sumbawanga
District
Council
Nkasi District Council
Sumbawanga Municipal
Council
100,474
149,062
107,226
156,784
207,700
305,846
Average
Household
Size
4.9
5.0
137,041
100,734
144,159
109,059
281,200
209,793
5.3
4.8
487,311
517,228
1,004,539
5.0
3
4
Total
Rukwa Brief
Source: NBS (National population and housing Census 2012)
Table 1.3: Region Population & Population density and Growth rate by District /
LGAs
District (LGAs)
POPULATION
LAND AREA
(SQ KM)
Census
2012
2012
Population
Density
2014
Projection
2014
Population
Density
% Increase
2012-2014
115.1
227,349
171.1
4.1
44.3
3.3
Sumbawanga MC
1,329
209,793
Sumbawanga DC
8,871
305,846
Kalambo DC
4,441
207,700
33.2
220,776
46.8
3.1
Nkasi DC
13,124
281,200
23.1
301,225
32.1
3.5
32.5
1,075,716
47.2
3.5
29.2
326,366
TOTAL
27,765
1,004,539
Source: National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).
1.6. Economy
The economic growth rate in terms of GDP at current market price in 2010, 2011
and 2012 was 1,092,300, 1,293,386 and 1,529,289 respectivelly. Per capita
income for 2010, 2011 and 2012 was 726,658, 830,052 and 974,601 respectivelly.
Table 1.4: Rukwa Region Share Contribution Regional to the Gross Domestic
Product and Per Capita Income since 1999 to 2013
Year
GDP
Tanzania Mainland
Rukwa Region
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
7,222,560
8,152,790
9,100,274
10,444,507
12,107,062
13,971,592
15,965,294
17,941,268
20,948,403
24,781,679
28,212,646
32,293,479
269,877
295,030
297,632
337,155
429,981
483,240
547,334
611,089
724,781
871,896
974,823
1,095,346
2011
37,532,962
1,293,386
Rukwa Brief
PER CAPITA INCOME
Tanzania
Rukwa Region
Mainland
233,397
255,080
255,575
270,511
276,741
264,731
310,991
295,299
353,496
367,565
396,154
398,486
441,063
437,274
478,100
469,246
547,081
537,042
627,787
623,288
693,470
672,237
770,464
728,684
869,436
830,052
2012
44,717,663
1,529,289
1,025,038
974,601
1.7 Age Dependency Ratio
The age dependency ratio is defined as the ratio of the youths less than 15 years
of age plus persons aged 65 years and above (dependants) to adults aged 1564 years (workforce). According to population and housing census 2012 in
Rukwa Region more than half of population is young. The overall dependency
ratio was 1:2 Age dependency ratio was high in rural areas than urban areas.
1.8. Ecological Zones
Rukwa region has three (3) agro-ecological zones. The features of the zones are
shown in the Table below:Table 1.5: Agro-ecological zones of Rukwa Region
Zones
Area
(sq
km)
General
Morphology
Altitude
range (m)
Dominant
soil
Economic activity
Rukwa
Valley
6,500
Flat plains
810-1200
Sandy
Agric: Maize, paddy,
800-1000
Cassava,
sesamme,
Cattle, goats, sheep
and Fishing.
Agriculture:
maize, 800-1200
cassava, Oil palm,
paddy. Fishing,
Lake
4,500
Tanganyika
Shores
Ufipa
Plateau
11,800
Steep
hills 772-1631
with
gentle
plateaux
and plains
Gentle plain 1000-2461
with
moderately
slopping hills
and plateau
Source: BLARUP, 1997
Rukwa Brief
Shallow,
scattered
clayey
lacustrines
Ferralitic
Rainfall
(mm)
Agriculture: maize,
800-1200
cassava, groundnuts,
Millets, beans. Cattle,
Goats. Fishing.
Mining:
coal,
gemstones.