EIU
In brief
Ecuador's leftist president, Rafael Correa, faces
increased discontent from business and the middle
class given increased taxes and his confrontational
political style, although he remains popular among the
poor. Growth, which is dominated by public spending
and oil activity, will be constrained by weaker oil
export prices over the forecast period. Although
declines in fiscal revenue will be partially offset by
external lending, the government will be forced to
prioritise investment projects.
Currency
The US dollar was officially adopted as legal tender in
March 2000, replacing the former national currency,
the sucre, at a conversion rate of Su25,000:US$1. The
sucre ceased to be legal tender in September 2000,
apart from sucre coins, equivalent to US dimes, nickels
and cents, used as fractional money.

Amid a macroeconomic environment reliant on high oil
prices and public spending, combined with a
consistently heterodox approach to policymaking by
the current left-wing government, Ecuador scores
poorly in our business environment rankings, and is
expected to drop from 68th of 82 countries in the
historical period to 73rd in the forecast period.
Although weaker oil prices have obliged the
government to seek more private investment,
shortcomings in the investment environment and
much-needed structural reforms will not be fully
addressed.
Low levels of productivity and a wealth of natural
resources offer scope for Ecuador to catch up with
more developed countries, provided that policies are
implemented to transform its resource wealth into
productive investment in other sectors. However, poor
prospects for improvements to Ecuador's institutions
do not bode well for a more stable economic policy
direction. Despite the increased stability that
dollarisation has brought, erratic policymaking will
hamper reforms needed to embed confidence in the
currency regime and encourage long-term investment.
In view of this, we forecast that income levels will
continue to lag behind OECD levels in the long term.
https://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/profile/country/ecu/
EIU
In brief
Following a lacklustre performance at local elections in
March, the ruling Movimiento al Socialismo (MAS) is
pushing for a third term for its popular leader, Evo
Morales. Social unrest remains a risk. The business
environment will be weak (hindered by Interventionist
policies and a weak judicial system), and lower gas
prices will weigh on the fiscal and economic outlook,
requiring some adjustments. Bolivia's large stock of
reserves will cushion the blow.
Currency
Boliviano (Bs) = 100 centavos; average exchange rate in
2014: Bs6.91:US$1
https://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/profile/country/bol/
EIU
In brief
The centre-left president, Ollanta Humala, faces
considerable short-term challenges stemming from a
sluggish economy and heightened political tension
driven by a fractured Congress. Mr Humala's
administration will maintain an orthodox policy stance,
including sound fiscal and monetary policies
(notwithstanding a short-term fiscal stimulus boost),
but in the context of lower prices and demand for
Peru's main exports, growth will be lower in 2015-19
(4.5% average) than in the last decade.
Currency
Nuevo sol (Ns). There are 100 céntimos in one nuevo
sol. Average exchange rate in 2014: Ns2.84:US$1

The Economist Intelligence Unit expects Peru's
business environment score to rise in 2014-18, mostly
owing to improvements in infrastructure and financing.
Although Peru's regional ranking will remain stable, its
global ranking will fall slightly (to 48th place). Peru's
key strength as a business location will be its openness
to foreign trade—secured by multiple free-trade
agreements (FTAs)—and its prudent macroeconomic
management. The business-friendly approach that
existed within the historical period (2009-13) will suffer
only minimal disruptions related to Mr Humala's aim of
promoting a larger role for the state in the economy.
Infrastructure will improve markedly, although we
expect significant gaps to remain. Peru's labour market
is expected to remain the weakest aspect of the
business environment in the outlook period.
Long Term Outlook
Growth in Peru's real GDP per head is forecast to slow
from an annual average of 3.7% in 2013-20, to 2.7% in
2021-30. The poor institutional environment and
widespread income and regional inequalities will
continue to hold back stronger growth. Overall,
education levels will remain low, with only marginal
progress forecast. Comparatively low inflation (in the
1-3% range) and a stable currency will contribute to
macroeconomic stability. Abundant opportunities in
energy, mining and infrastructure will continue to lure
domestic and foreign investment. Nevertheless, Peru
will remain vulnerable to fluctuations in external
demand and commodity prices.
https://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/profile/country/per/
PERU
September 14th 2015
EIU
Basic data
Land area
1,285,216 sq km
Population
30m (2010; Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática)
Main towns
Population in '000 (2005 census). Apart from Lima, the following refer to
population of regional departments:
Lima (capital): 8,153
Piura: 1,679
La Libertad: 1,596
Cajamarca: 1,412
Puno: 1,290
Cusco: 1,208
Junín: 1,182
Arequipa: 1,173
Lambayeque: 1,122
Áncash: 1,089
Climate
Varies by region and altitude. In general, temperate on the coast, tropical in the
jungles, cool in the highlands; the western highlands have a dry climate, but
there is heavy rainfall in the eastern and northern highlands between October
and April
Weather in Lima (altitude 120 metres)
Hottest month, February, 19-28°C (average daily minimum and maximum);
coldest month, August, 13-19°C; driest months, February and March, 1 mm
average monthly rainfall; wettest month, August, 8 mm average monthly
rainfall
Languages
Spanish is the principal language and the lingua franca for the large numbers of
Quechua and Aymara speakers; Quechua and Aymara also have official status
Measures
Metric system; also old Spanish measures, particularly in rural areas
Currency
Nuevo sol (Ns). There are 100 céntimos in one nuevo sol. Average exchange
rate in 2014: Ns2.84:US$1
Time
5 hours behind GMT
Public holidays
January 1st; Easter (half-day Maundy Thursday and all day Good Friday);
May 1st (Labour Day); June 29th (Saint Peter and Saint Paul); July 28th
(Independence Day); August 30th (Santa Rosa de Lima); October 8th (Battle
of Angamos); November 1st (All Saints' Day); December 8th
(Immaculate Conception); December 25th (Christmas Day)
Lima - Perú 2015 (Video Hd)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RYTO_J7ix9Y
El colapso del Metro de Lima: medio de transporte dejó de
ser un servicio cómodo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jlDsQhNKBk8
Línea 2 Metro de Lima
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W0Sz9QOaUmo
http://www.forbes.com/pictures/eglg45hdkjd/americas-largestcontainer-port/
http://www.forbes.com/pictures/feki45efjgh/the-15-mostprofitable-i/