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Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres
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Supporting Information for
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Characteristics and potential sources of atmospheric mercury at a subtropical
coastal site in East China
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Ben Yu,1,2 Xun Wang,1,2 Che-Jen Lin,1,3,4 Xuewu Fu,1 Hui Zhang,1,2 Lihai Shang1,
and Xinbin Feng1
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1State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Guiyang, China
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2University
3Department
4College
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX, USA
of Energy and Environment, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Contents of this file
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Introduction
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Figures associated with wind rose of TGM concentration observation data and
monsoon climate are illustrated as Figure S1 – S3. A summary of publication
comparison of atmospheric mercury monitoring is list in Table S1. Detailed
description on AQI calculation is shown in Supporting Information S1.
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Figures S1 to S3
Tables S1
Supporting Information S1
References
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Figure S1. Wind rose for spring (1), summer (3), fall (5), winter (7) and entire
monitoring period (9). Pollutant rose for TGM during spring (2), summer (4), fall (6),
winter (8) and entire monitoring period (10).
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Figure S2. Diurnal meteorological data and TGM concentration in wet monsoon
(from May to September) and dry monsoon (from October to April). The red dots
represented the days with sea breezes in wet monsoon while the blue ones referred
to the days with terrestrial winds in dry monsoon.
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Figure S3. 12 pollution events including pollutant rose and temporal trends of hourly
TGM concentration (red dots) and wind speed (green boxes). Gray medium dashes
separate the time into daytime (07:00 to 19:00, UTC +8:00) and night (19:00 to
07:00, UTC +8:00).
Location
Classification
Time
*
Mace Head, Ireland
Remote site
(ng/m )
1998-2004
1.75
[Kock et al., 2005]
1.64
Remote site
Pac Monadnock, US
Dec 2006 - Dec 2007
1.44±0.27
May-Oct 2007
1.40±0.19
Appledore Island, US
Eight sites in the central
Reference
3
Zingst, Germany
Thompson Farm, US
TGM concentration
[Sigler et al., 2009]
1.24±0.28
Remote site
2003-2009
1.27±0.31 to 2.94±1.57
[Engle et al., 2010]
Mt. Leigong, China
Remote site
May 2008 - May 2009
2.80±1.51
[Fu et al., 2010]
Waliguan GAW station,
Remote site
Sep. 2007 – Sep. 2008
1.98±0.98
[Fu et al., 2012a]
Mt. Changbai, China
Remote site
Oct. 2008 – Oct. 2010
1.60±0.51
[Fu et al., 2012b]
MDAO, China
Remote site
Apr. 2011 – Apr. 2013
3.31±1.44
This study
Beijing, China
Urban site
Jan. Apr. Jul. Oct. 2005
4.9±3.3 to 8.3±3.6
[Wang et al., 2007]
Jan. 2005
13.5±7.1
and eastern US and one
sites in coastal Puerto
Rico
China
Guangzhou, China
Ningbo, China
Urban site
Oct. 2007 & Jan. 2008
3.79±1.29
[Nguyen et al., 2011]
Guiyang, China
Urban site
Apr. 2000 – Nov. 2001
7.39
[Feng et al., 2003]
Seoul, Korea
Urban site
Feb. 2005 – Feb. 2006
3.22±2.10
[Kim et al., 2009]
HSO, Japan
Remote site
Mar. – May 2004
2.04
[Jaffe et al., 2005]
LABS, Taiwan, China
Remote site
Apr. 2006 – Dec. 2007
1.73±0.61
[Sheu et al., 2010]
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Table S1. Statistical summary of atmospheric TGM concentrations
IAQI
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Supporting Information S1. The calculation of air quality index (AQI) in China
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The calculation of AQI released from Chinese EPA is comparable with US EPA
(http://www.epa.gov/airnow/aqi-technical-assistance-document-dec2013.pdf).
This following description is based on Chinese National Standard No. HJ 633-2012
(http://bz.mep.gov.cn/bzwb/dqhjbh/jcgfffbz/201203/W020120410332725219541.pdf).
1.1 The Calculation of individual air quality index (IAQI)
Table 1. IAQI and associated pollutant concentration breakpoints.
Concentration breakpoints
SO2 24-h
-3
0
50
100
150
200
300
400
500
SO2 1-h*
NO2 24-h
-3
NO2 1-h*
-3
PM10 24-h
CO 1-h*
-3
-3
O3 1-h
-3
PM2.5 24-h
(μg m )
(μg m )
(μg m )
(mg m )
(mg m )
(μg m )
(μg m )
(μg m-3)
0
50
150
475
800
1600
2100
2620
0
150
500
650
800
**
**
**
0
40
80
180
280
565
750
940
0
100
200
700
1200
2340
3090
3840
0
50
150
250
350
420
500
600
0
2
4
14
24
36
48
60
0
5
10
35
60
90
120
150
0
160
200
300
400
800
1000
1200
0
100
160
215
265
800
***
***
0
35
75
115
150
250
350
500
*1-h mean concentration of SO2, NO2 and CO are only applied when calculating hourly AQI data.
24-h mean concentration of those pollutants are applied when calculating daily AQI data.
**IAQI value of SO2 is excluded when 1-h mean concentration is higher than 800 μg m-3
***IAQI value of O3 is excluded when 8-h mean concentration is higher than 800 μg m-3
IAQI is calculated following the formula:
IAQI p 
IAQI Hi  IAQI Lo
 C p  BPLo   IAQI Lo
BPHi  BPLo
(1)
In this formula, IAQIp is the IAQI value of individual pollutant p; Cp is the rounded
concentration of individual pollutant p; BPHi is the breakpoint that is greater than or
equal to Cp in Table 1; BPLo is the breakpoint that is less than or equal to Cp in Table
1; IAQIHi is the IAQI value corresponding to BPHi; IAQILo is the IAQI value
corresponding to BPLo.
1.2 The calculation of AQI.
AQI is calculated following the formula:
AQI  max  IAQI1, IAQI 2 , IAQI3 ,...IAQI n 
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-3
O3 8-h
(μg m )
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64
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-3
CO 24-h
(μg m )
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55
56
57
58
-3
(2)
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Fu, X. W., X. Feng, Z. Q. Dong, R. S. Yin, J. X. Wang, Z. R. Yang, and H. Zhang (2010),
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measurements of atmospheric total gaseous mercury (TGM) at a remote site in Mt.
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