OXIDATION AND BEYOND
WHAT IS CO2 ?
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OXIDATION AND BEYOND
WHAT IS CO2 ?
Its a gas - A thermal chemical reaction to heat and pressure + Hydrocarbons – CH - Fuel
Bonding carbon to oxygen
Ethanol incomplete oxidation reaction =
Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde – Bonded H + C + O
1 Ton CO2 =
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378 litres of diesel
83 imperial gallons
99 US Gallons
440 KG CNG
410 KG Ethanol
1 Ton Heavy Fuel Oil ( Marine) = 12.2 Tons CO2
What is PM – Black Carbon ?
Hydrocarbon chains- Uncombusted + Partially combusted = PM - VOC & PAH ( not fully Oxidised )
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OXIDATION AND BEYOND
WHAT IS CO2 ?
Solutions ...
THERMAL DECOMPOSITION and REFORMING
hydrogen can become a metal, apparently similar to mercury, at some 100,000
atmospheres pressure!
It is a well established science that at certain temperatures and pressures gases become
liquids, liquids become solids, solids become liquids, and liquids become gases.
Covalent bonds can be broken, modified to an altered state and created
Is this not how pollutants are formed?
Is it simply a reaction to temperature and pressure?
Pollutants are typically unoxidised or partially oxidised
CO2 is a chemical reaction to heat and pressure, Hydrogen and carbon when combusted
…. Oxidised … can it be also decomposed due to heat and pressure?
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OXIDATION AND BEYOND
WHAT IS CO2 ?
YES !
THEREFORE: Normal Oxidation – IPCC 2006 ( Diesel)
Sfc x NCV x mass 44/12 x oxidation factor 99/100 ( assume 100% ) = CO2
ADVANCED COMBUSTION : Beyond Oxidation !
Sfc x NCV x mass 44/12 x oxidation factor 99/100 x decomp factor x/y =
C+O
Where x will be % co2 reduced by decomposition y= CO2
Combustion
Oxidation
FUEL CH4
Decomposition
Reform to CH4
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If Covalent bonds Are created by reaction to heat + Pressure – What Can they be reformed to
with heat and pressure ?
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Therefore ; CO2 + 4 H2 → CH4 + 2 H2O + energy ( Sabatier Reaction )
CH4 = Methane
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