Name_______________________________________
Unit 2 Lesson 3
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Reproduction involves various kinds of cell division.
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Most single-celled organisms and some multicellular organisms reproduce _________________.
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In _______________________________________, one organism produces one or more new
organisms that are identical to itself.
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The organism that produces the new organism or organisms is called a __________________.
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Each new organism is called an ___________________________.
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The offspring produced by asexual reproduction are genetically __________________ to their
parents.
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Organisms reproduce asexually in many ways.
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Prokaryotes, including bacteria, reproduce asexually by cell division.
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Some eukaryotes, including many multicellular organisms, reproduce asexually by more complex
processes—types of cell division called ______________________.
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_______________________________ is the form of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes.
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_______________________________ occurs when a bud grows on an organism and develops
into a full-sized organism.
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Budding is the result of mitosis.
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A ______________________is a specialized cell that can survive harsh conditions.
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Spores, produced asexually by one parent, are light and can be carried by the wind.
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Some plants can reproduce asexually by ________________________________________.
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Vegetative reproduction happens through mitosis.
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Most multicellular organisms can reproduce ________________________.
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In ________________________________________, two parents each contribute a sex cell to
the new organism.
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Half the genes in the offspring come from each parent.
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Males produce sex cells called ____________________________.
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Females produce sex cells called _________________________________.
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Sex cells are produced by _____________________________.
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Sex cells have ___________________ of the set of genetic material found in body cells.
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A sperm and an egg join together in a process called ________________________________.
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When an egg is fertilized by a sperm cell, a new cell, called a _______________________, is
formed. It has a full set of genetic material.
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The zygote develops into a new organism. It grows through _________________________.
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Multicellular organisms can reproduce asexually.
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Some do this by _____________________________________, in which the female produces
young without fertilization.
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Other organisms reproduce asexually by ________________________________.
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Other organisms reproduce asexually by _______________________________, in which
segments fall off and become new organisms.
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Asexual reproduction has its advantages.
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It allows an organism to reproduce very quickly, and ensures that any favorable traits the parent
has are passed on to the offspring.
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Reproduction can occur without a partner, and all offspring can reproduce.
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Sexual reproduction has its advantages.
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It increases genetic variation. Offspring have different traits, which improves the chance that at
least some will survive.
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Some organisms can use both types of reproduction. This allows them to spread quickly, and
adapt to changes in the environment as well.