MODULE 1
General Pharmacology
1.
A patient with angina pectoris was helping himself with
nitroglycerin. One day the patient used nitroglycerin several times because of
frequent episodes of pain. So as the last sublingual administration of
nitroglycerin did not relieve pain, the patient addressed his doctor. Doctor
advised him to withdraw nitroglycerin for 8 hours and prescribed another drug.
After 8 hours the effect of nitroglycerin was restored. Which phenomenon did
take place in this case?
A.
Increase in nitroglycerin metabolism
B.
Increase in protein binding
C.
Decrease of absorption
D.
Drug dependence
E.
Tolerance*.
2.
Metabolism can render pharmacological activity to some initially
inert substances (pro-drug). Point out the substance, which is pro-drug, used for
treatment of hypertension.
A.
Levodopa*
B.
Salbutamol
C.
Verapamil
D.
Reserpine
E.
Propranolol.
3.
A patient who has been treated with diazepam on account of
neurosis complains of toothache. Doctor administered him an analgetic, but its
dose was lower than average therapeutic dose. What phenomenon did the doctor
take into account while prescribing the patient an underdose?
A.
Summation
B.
Potentiation*
C.
Cumulation
D.
Tolerance
E.
Drug dependence.
4.
A patient with frequent attacks of stenocardia was prescribed
sustak-forte to be taken one tablet twice a day. At first the effect was positive
but on the second day stenocardia attacks resumed. What can explain
inefficiency of the prescribed drug?
A.
Tachyphylaxis*
B.
Sensibilization
C.
Dependence
D.
Cumulation
E.
Idiosyncrasy.
2
5.
A man who has been taking a drug for a long time cannot withhold
it because this causes impairment of psychic, somatic and vegetative functions.
Name the syndrome of different disturbances caused by drug discontinuation:
A.
Idiosyncrasy
B.
Sensibilization
C.
Tachyphylaxis
D.
Abstinence*
E.
Cumulation.
6.
What is the mechanism of absorption of drug which is lipophilic
and unionized?
A.
Active transport
B.
Passive diffusion*
C.
Filtration
D.
Pinocytosis
E.
Binding to protein.
7.
Which route of administration results in 100% bioavailability of
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Oral
Subcutaneous
Inhalational
Intravenous*
Intramuscular.
drug?
8.
Chloramphenicol is highly toxic in newborn. What is the cause of
such toxicity?
A.
Intensive binding to protein
B.
Deficiency of metabolizing enzymes in liver*
C.
Penetration into the cell
D.
Inhibition of protein synthesis
E.
Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis.
9.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
What is the result of tubular reabsorption of drug?
Increase in duration of action*
Increase in excretion
Increase in distribution
Decrease in duration of action
Loss of pharmacologic activity.
10. Anticoagulant drug warfarin is bounding to plasma albumin. How
its effect can be changed in case of hypoalbuminemia?
A.
Effect unchanged
B.
Increased*
3
C.
D.
E.
Decrease
Significant delayed onset of effect
Abolishing of effect .
11. Passive reabsorption from tubular urine (pH of 5) of a drug
administered IV would be reduced if the drug were
A.
A weak base*
B.
A weak acid
C.
Water soluble
D.
Protein bound
E.
None of the above.
12. Patient suffering from angina pectoris was helping himself by
sublingual usage of nitroglycerin. One day he used the drug several times. The
last use did not relieve his pain. What phenomenon does occur?
A.
Antagonism
B.
Tachyphylaxis*
C.
Hypersensitivity
D.
Cumulation
E.
Binding to protein.
13. Point out the kind of drug interaction that permits to use one of
them in lower dose.
A.
Antagonism
B.
Cumulation
C.
Potentiation*
D.
Tolerance
E.
Additive synergism.
14. Patient with infection of GIT was treated with antibiotic. Which
type of therapy is it?
A.
Symptomatic
B.
Pathogenetic
C.
Ethiotropic*
D.
Replacement
E.
Stimulating.
15. Alongside with therapeutic effect drugs can cause side effects. In
which dose they can occur?
A.
In overdose
B.
In therapeutic dose*
C.
In threshold dose
D.
In subthreshold dose
E.
At any dose.
4
16. Patient suffering from gastric peptic ulcer was treated with Mcholinoblocker. What is the mechanism of this drug action?
A.
Enzymatic
B.
Receptor*
C.
Direct chemical
D.
Physicochemical
E.
Action on ion channels of membrane.
17. A patient with chronic cardiac insufficiency was prescribed digoxin
in average therapeutic dose. After 2 weeks of treatment the symptoms of
intoxication (bradycardia, extrasystole, nausea) were developed. Point out the
phenomenon responsible for intoxication.
A.
Tachyphilaxis
B.
Material cumulation*
C.
Idiosyncrasy
D.
Functional cumulation
E.
Tolerance.
18. The patient with heart failure was using digitoxin. His condition
initially improved, but with time the manifestations of heart failure have
increased again, and symptoms of glycoside intoxication apeared. What is the
cause of patient's condition worsening?
A.
Potentiation
B.
Cumulation*
C.
Tachyphylaxis
D.
Sensitization
E.
Idiosyncrazy.
19. Analgesic effect of methamizole(analgin) in the dental pain
develops in 0.5 hour and lasts for 1.5-2 hours. Tablets "Piraminal" in the same
situation are faster and longer acting. What is the phenomenon responsible for
difference in the action of these drugs?
A.
Chemical antagonism
B.
Functional antagonism
C.
Undirectional antagonism
D.
Potentiation
E.
Summation*.
20. In the elderly patient with symptoms of senile atonic constipation
long-term treatment with drug buckthorn has led to a weaking effect. What is
this phenomenon?
A.
Tolerance*
B.
Cumulation
C.
Sensibilization
D.
Desensitization
5
E.
Tachyphylaxis.
21. During the barbituric anesthesia in a patient respiratory depression
occurred. After intravenous injection of 10 ml 0.5% solution of bemegride the
patient's condition improved, the volume of pulmonary ventilation inceased.
Point out the phenomenon responsible for curative effect of bemegride in this
case
A.
Direct synergisnm
B.
Undirectional antagonism
C.
Direct antagonism*
D.
Indirect antagonism
E.
Indirect synergism.
22. A child of 2 years admitted to the infectious deseases hospital with
a diagnosis of bacillary dysentery. What a way of enteral administration of
antimicrobial agent polymyxin is the most rational, if child has uncontrollable
vomiting?
A.
Subcutaneous
B.
Intravenous
C.
Oral
D.
Rectal*
E.
Inhaled.
23. In a patient with traumatic brain injury there are such symptoms:
the obscured consciousness, inpaired respiration, filiform pulse, absence of
reflexes. Which route of drug administration for urgent aid is the most
appropriate in this case?
A.
Rectal
B.
Intravenous*
C.
Subcutaneous
D.
Oral
E.
Inhaled.
24. In poisoning with mushrooms containing muscarine atropine is used
as an antidote. Which of the following mechanisms, typical for atropine, leads to
the neutralization of the poison mushroom - muscarine?
A.
Antimetabolic
B.
Physical and chemical
C.
Antienzymatic
D.
Receptor*
E.
Enzymatic.
25. Prolonged use of certain drugs before pregnancy can disrupt fetal
development. What is the name of this action?
A.
Fetotoxic
6
B.
C.
D.
E.
Embriotoxic
Teratogenic
Mutagenic*
Carcinogenic.
26. With long-term treatment by antipsychotic drugs at therapeutic
doses in patient, along with the restoration of the psychic function, some
undesired effects such as tension in the skeletal muscles, stiffness of gait, and
some autonomic disorders occurred. What the type of drug’s effects should
include these?
A.
Aftereffect
B.
Overdose
C.
The main therapeutic effect
D.
Intoxication
E.
Side effects*.
27. After clinical and laboratory examination of a patient with diabetes
mellitus insulin was appointed for treatment.What is the type of this therapy?
A.
Etiotropic
B.
Replacement*
C.
Pathogenetic
D.
Symptomatic
E.
Functional.
28. In order to reduce toothache a patient was recommended to take
methamisol (analgin). What the type of pharmacotherapy was used?
A.
Functional
B.
Pathogenetic
C.
Causal
D.
Substitution
E.
Symptomatic*.
29. In 18 years old patient with shoulder phlegmon intramuscular
injection of penicillin was made, after which he developed tachycardia, filiform
pulse, fall of blood pressure to 80/60 mm Hg. What type of pathological
response was originated?
A.
Potentiation
B.
Anaphylaxis*
C.
Tolerance
D.
Antagonism
E.
Tachyphylaxis.
7
Local anesthetics
30. To lance abscess doctor performed local anesthesia with therapeutic
dose of anesthetic, but it was not sufficient. What was the cause of decrease in
anesthetic effect?
A.
Quick absorption of drug
B.
Quick metabolism of anesthetic
C.
Alkaline medium
D.
Acidic pH of tissues*
E.
Neutral medium.
31. Surgeon is going to perform the operation under local anaesthesia.
The probable duration of operation is more than 2 hours. In past patient was
complaining for ventricular extrasystole. Which anaesthetic is reasonable to
chose for local anaesthesia?
A.
Tetracaine(decaine)
B.
Procaine(novocaine)
C.
Benzocaine(anaesthesine)
D.
Trimecaine*
E.
Cocaine.
32. Dentist revealed that his patient is suffering from hypersensitivity to
procaine. Which of the following agents may be used for local anaesthesia?
A.
Benzocaine(anaesthesine)
B.
Piromecaine
C.
Dicaine(tetracaine)
D.
Lidocaine*
E.
Cocaine.
33. Which of the listed drugs is usually added to local anaesthetic to
prolong its action and to decrease toxicity?
A.
Noradrenaline
B.
Ephedrine
C.
Adrenaline*
D.
Reserpine
E.
Atropine.
34. A 25-year-old woman with red and itchy eczematoid dermatitis
visits your office, She had a dental procedure one day earlier with administration
of a local anesthetic. There were no other findings, although she indicated that
she had a history of allergic reactions. Which of the following drugs is most
likely involved?
8
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Procaine*
Etidocaine
Bupivacaine
Cocaine
Lidocaine.
35. For the patient with gastroenteritis doctor prescribed preparation of
tannin derivative with anti-inflammatory effect on the basis of the astringent
mechanism. Which of the following drugs was prescribed?
A.
Bismuth subnitrat
B.
Tannin
C.
Xeroform
D.
Tanalbin*
E.
De-nol.
36. Patient 75 years old suffers from chronic constipation. What the
drug of a group of emollients can be assigned to this patient?
A.
Senna leaf*
B.
Phenolphtalein
C.
Neostigmine
D.
Magnesium sulfate (enterally)
E.
Camphor spirit.
37. Bed sores appeared in patient on strict bed regiment. What the
irritating drug was prescribed by physician to improve blood circulation in the
area of bed sores
A.
Camphor spirit*
B.
Vishnevsky’s ointment
C.
Wilkinson's ointment
D.
A solution of potassium permanganate
E.
Talc.
38. A child with acute poisoning with datura seeds doctor prescribed
oral usage of activated charcoal. Specify the mechanism of its action.
A.
Adsorptions alkaloids on the surface*
B.
Insoluble salts formation
C.
Block of sensory receptors of the stomach
D.
Precipitation of proteins on the surface of gastric mucous
membrane
E.
Formation of protective layer of the colloid on the mucous
membranes.
39. The drug from the group covering agents with antacid effect was
prescribed to patients with gastric ulcer. Which of the following medications
was prescribed?
9
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Tannin
Decoction of oak bark
Almagel*
Infusion of sage leaves
Bismuth subnitrate.
40. Athlete has a sharp muscular pain in the back after training. What
the irritating drug is helpful in this case?
A.
The turpentine oil*
B.
A solution of menthol
C.
Ammonia
D.
Validol
E.
Chloroform.
41. Gastric lavage with a solution of tannin was performed to the
patient with alkaloid poisoning. What the concentration of tannin solution
should be used for this purpose?
A.
0.5%*
B.
0.1%
C.
0,01
D.
0,05
E.
0,1.
42. The patient suffers from hemorrhoids. For pain relief doctor
prescribed rectal suppositories with local anesthetic. Point out anesthetic used in
this dosage form.
A.
Cocaine
B.
Tetracaine
C.
Novocaine
D.
Trimekaine
E.
Benzocaine (Anestesin)*.
43. Doctor applied paste with benzocaine to reduce the itching of the
forearm skin. Due to which of the following properties of benzocaine it is used
in soft dosage form?
A.
Good absorption
B.
Poor solubility*
C.
The high degree of distribution
D.
The good solubility
E.
Inadequate absorption.
44. The patient will have surgery on the limbs of more than 2 hours
duration, which anesthetist plans to hold under local anesthesia. Which of the
following drugs should be selected for long-term conduction anesthesia?
A.
Novocaine
10
B.
C.
D.
E.
Cocaine
Tetracaine
Benzocaine
Lidocaine*.
Cholinomimetics
45. Patient with complaints of dryness in the mouth, photophobia and
disturbances of vision was admitted to the reception-room. Skin is hyperemic
and dry, pupils are dilated, tachycardia. Poisoning with belladonna alkaloids was
diagnosed on further examination. What medicine should be prescribed as
antidote?
A.
Diazepam
B.
Prozerin (Neostigmine)*
C.
Atropine
D.
Pilocarpine
E.
Dipyroxim.
46. Patient with pin-point pupils, sweating, salivation, abdominal
cramps, disturbances in respiration was admitted to the emergency room.
Poisoning with what substance is the most likely occurred?
A.
Non-narcotic analgesics
B.
Sedatives
C.
Narcotic analgesics
D.
М-cholinergic antagonists
E.
Muscarine*.
47. In the patient, after the stroke, paralysis of hand and leg appeared.
To restore the movements of paralyzed extremities patient was treated with
physical exercises and cholinomimetics. Which of listed drugs was used for this
purpose?
A.
Aceclidine
B.
Pilocarpine
C.
Physostigmine
D.
Ambenonium chloride (oxazyl)*
E.
Lobeline.
48. A known patient of myasthenia gravis came to you with his disease
well controlled by neostigmine; but he asked you to give him drug that needs
more rare usage. Choose the necessary drug.
A.
Physostigmine
B.
Atropine
C.
Ambenonium chloride*
11
D.
E.
Armin
Pralidoxime.
49. A49-year old frequent business traveler presents to his physician
requesting medication to help him with nausea and dizziness that he gets during
turbulent flights. A scolopamine patch is prescribed for his motion sickness.
Which of the following is the most likely side effects from this patch?
A.
Bradycardia
B.
Diaphoresis
C.
Diarrhea
D.
Salivation
E.
Urinary retention*.
50. In complex treatment of a child, suffering from cerebral palsy, a
doctor decided to include anticholinesterase drug moderately improving mental
development. Choose this drug.
A.
Physostigmine
B.
Neostigmine (Proserinum)
C.
Galanthamine*
D.
Pilocarpine
E.
Lobeline.
51. Analeptical remedy of reflective type from the N-cholinomimetics
group was given to the patient for restoration of breathing after poisoning with
carbon monoxide, What medicine was prescribed to the patient?
A.
Adrenalin hydrochloride
B.
Atropine sulphate
C.
Mesaton
D.
Pentamin
E.
Lobeline hydrochloride*.
52. A patient with complaints of dryness in the mouth, photophobia and
vision impairment was admitted in the reception-room. Skin is hyperemic, dry,
pupils, are dilated, tachycardia. Poisoning with belladonna alkaloids was
diagnosed on further examination. What medicine should be prescribed?
A.
Armine
B.
Dipiroxim
C.
Pilocarpine
D.
Diazepam
E.
Prozerin*.
53. On the 2-3rd day after stomach resection intestinal peristalsis wasn't
restored. What is to be administered for stimulation of gastrointestinal tract?
A.
Atropine sulfate
B.
Prasosin
12
C.
D.
E.
Acetylcholine
Proserin(Neostigmine)*
Cyclodole.
54. The patient developed postoperative intestinal atony. After injection
of M-cholinomimetic the patient's condition was improved. Point out the drug
that was used in this cvase
A.
Arminum
B.
Aceclidine*
C.
Ambenonium chloride (Oxazylum)
D.
Atropine
E.
Platyphylline.
55. After completion of abdominal surgery conducted with the use of
nondepolarizing myoreolaxant, the patient did not restored spontaneous
breathing. What kind of drug is able to restore breathing in this case?
A.
Scopolamine
B.
Aceclidine
C.
Pilocarpine
D.
Neostigmine*
E.
Izonitrozinum.
56. A child poisoned by mushrooms containing muscarine was brought
to the toxicological department Which drug should be used for emergency
assistance in the first place?
A.
Papaverine
B.
Sodium thiosulfate
C.
Atropine*
D.
Unitiol
E.
Dipiroxim.
57. A patient with signs of poisoning by organophosphorus insecticides
was delivered to the hospital emergency department What medication should be
applied as a first-aid?
A.
Atropine*
B.
Unitiol
C.
Panangin
D.
Chlorpromazine
E.
Glucose.
58. The patient was taken to the emergency department with complaints
of dryness in the mouth, photophobia and blurred vision. On examination
hyperemic dry skin, dilated pupils, tachycardia were revealed, and poisoning
with belladonna alkaloids was diagnosed. Which of the drugs is advisable to
apply?
13
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Neostigmine*
Pilocarpine
Dipiroxim
Diazepam
Arminum.
59. The patient in the postoperative period to stimulate intestinal
motility and tone of the bladder has been appointed agent of a group of
anticholinesterase. Identify it among the following products:
A.
Propranolol (Anaprilin)
B.
Mannitol
C.
Reserpine
D.
Dichlotiazid
E.
Neostigmine*.
60. The patient poisoned with carbon monoxide to restore breathing
was treated with analeptic of a reflex type from group of N-cholinomimetics.
Which drug was assigned to the patient?
A.
Adrenalin hydrochloride
B.
Pentamin
C.
Lobeline hydrochloride*
D.
Mezaton
E.
Atropine sulfate.
61.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Specify the M-cholinomimetic used for treatment of glaucoma:
Neostigmine methylsulfate
Pilocarpine*
Adrenaline
Norepinephrine
Phenylephrine (Mesatonum).
62.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Which of the following medicines is anticholinesterase agent:
Clonidine
Atropine
Adrenaline
Acetylcholine
Neostigmine*.
63.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Which group is pilocarpine?
M-cholinomimetics*
Anticholinesterase
Adrenomimetics
Adrenoblockers
Cholinoblockers.
14
64.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Enter the N-cholinomimetic, which stimulates the reflex of breath:
Neostigmine
Pilocarpine
Lobeline*
Atropine
Adrenaline.
Cholinoblockers
65. Teenager with fracture of hand was presented to the emergency
room. To perform reposition of fractured bones it was necessary to relax skeletal
muscle. For this purpose myorelaxant causing sustained depolarization of the
post junctional membrane was administered. Which of the following agents was
used?
A.
Pancuronium
B.
Atracurium
C.
D-tubocurarine
D.
Succinylcholine*
E.
Millectine.
66. Patient suffering from gastric peptic ulcer was treated with
cholinotropic drug selectively blocking M1 cholinoceptors of parietal gastric
glands. Point out this drug?
A.
Atropine
B.
Plathyphylline
C.
Metacine
D.
Pirenzepine*
E.
Hyoscine (scopolamine).
67. Young boy with burns is brought to emergency ward. There is
history of death of one of his family members due to succinylcholine induction.
So we will avoid succinylcholine because it
A.
Causes hyperkalemia
B.
Cause hepatotoxicity
C.
Causes muscle pains
D.
Can trigger malignant hyperthermia*
E.
Can cause spasm of masseter muscle.
68. A patient given succinylcholine for skeletal muscle relaxation
during an operation, is not recovered for the last 1 hour. What must be used to
restore spontaneous respiration?
A.
Carbogen
B.
Lobelin
15
C.
D.
E.
Neostigmine
Blood transfusion*
Caffeine.
69. A 59 year old man develops excessive salivation and sweating,
diarrhea, and bradycardia while being treated with neostigmine for myasthenia
gravis. Which of the following is the most appropriate therapy for these
symptoms and signs?
A.
Atropine*
B.
Carbachol
C.
Edrophonium
D.
Epinephrine
E.
Pralidoxime.
70. A patient with symptoms of phosphorganic poisoning was taken to
emergency department. Which of the following drugs mast be used as a drug of
first aid?
A.
Unithyolum
B.
Potassium chloride
C.
Atropine*
D.
Chlorpromazine (Aminazine)
E.
Glucose.
71. After abdominal surgery performed under general anaesthesia with
non- depolarizing myorelaxant spontaneous respiration was not restored. Which
of the following drugs is to be used as an antidote of non-depolarizing
myorelaxant?
A.
Aceclidinum
B.
Pilocarpin
C.
Neostigmine (Proserin)*
D.
Hyascine
E.
Isonitrosine.
72. A 5 years old child was taken to toxicological department with
Belladonna poisoning. Alongside with peripheral manifestations the CNS
symptoms were displayed. Which of the following agents has to be administered
as an antidote?
A.
Aceclidin
B.
Pilocarpin
C.
Neostigmine (Proserin)
D.
Adrenaline
E.
Galanthamine hydrobromide*.
16
73. For testing refraction of eye atropine was instilled into conjunctival
sac. On completion of the procedure another cholinergic drug was used to
counteract mydriasis and cycloplegia, caused by atropine. Point this drug.
A.
Pilocarpine*
B.
Lobeline
C.
Hyoscine (Scopolamine)
D.
Phenylephrine (Mesatonum)
E.
Pirenzepine.
74. Administration of pirenzepine in patients with gastric peptic ulcer
is not accompanied by numerous side effects characteristic for atropine and
other M-cholinoblckers due to
A.
Inability to penetrate through blood brain barrier
B.
Selective inhibition of M1 –cholinoceptors*
C.
Inhibition of all types of M –cholinoceptors
D.
Inhibition of cholinesterase
E.
Significant protein binding.
75. It is known that administration of tubocurarine during surgery can
enhance the development of postoperative paralytic ileus. What is the
mechanism of this side effect of tubocurarine?
A.
Inhibition of M –cholinoceptors
B.
Inhibition of cholinesterase
C.
Ganglion blocking activity*
D.
Stimulation of M –cholinoceptors
E.
Stimulation of both M – and N-cholinoceptors.
76. Which of the following conditions is alleviated by centrally acting
anti-cholinergic drugs?
A.
Depression
B.
Multiple sclerosis
C.
Mania
D.
Parkinsonism*
E.
Psychosis.
77. A 50-year-old male farm worker has been brought to the emergency
room. He was found confused in the orchard and since then has remained
unconscious. His heart rate is 45 and his blood pressure is 80/40 mm Hg. He is
sweating and salivating profusely. Which of the following should be prescribed?
A.
Pentamine
B.
Norepinephrine
C.
Physostigmine
D.
Atropine*
E.
Proserine.
17
78. Introduction of a pharmaceutical substance to an experimental
animal resulted in reduction of salivation, pupil mydriasis. Next intravenous
introduction of acetylcholine didn't lead to any significant changes of heart rate.
Name this substance:
A.
Proserin
B.
Atropine*
C.
Propranolol
D.
Adrenaline
E.
Salbutamol.
79. A patient had to go through an operation. Doctors introduced him
dithylinum (listenone) and performed intubation. After the end of operation and
cessation of anesthesia the independent respiration wasn't restored. Which
enzyme deficit prolongs the action of muscle relaxant?
A.
Pseudocholinesterase*
B.
K-Na-adenosine triphosphatase
C.
N - acetyltransferase
D.
Succinate dehydrogenase
E.
Carbanhydrase.
80. A patient with fracture of his lower jaw was admitted to the
maxillofacial department. It was decided to fix his bones surgically under
anaesthetic. After intravenous introduction of muscle relaxant there arose short
fibrillar contractions of the patient's facial muscles. What muscle relaxant was
applied?
A.
Dithylinum*
B.
Pipecuronium bromide
C.
Diazepam
D.
Melictine
E.
Tubocurarin chloride.
81. If a man has an attack of bronchiospasm it is necessary to reduce
the effect of vagus on smooth muscles of bronchi. What membrane
cytoreceptors should be blocked for this purpose?
A.
M-cholinoreceptors*
B.
beta-adrenoreceptors
C.
alfa- and beta-adrenoreceptors
D.
alfa-adrenoreceptors
E.
N-cholinoreceptors.
82. The patient with bronchial asthma uses inhaled form M holinoblocker. In this case, as a rule, characteristic side effects such as blurred,
constipation tachycardia do not appear. Point out the drug that patient uses.
A.
Platifillin
B.
Atropine
18
C.
D.
E.
Metacin
Ipratropium Bromide*
Pirenzepine.
83. For the treatment of patients with essential hypertension doctor
prescribed the drug from the group M – cholinoblocker. Enter the drug.
A.
Platyphylline*
B.
Atropine
C.
Scopolamine
D.
Metacin
E.
Gastrotsepin.
84. The drug selectively blocking M1 - cholinergic receptors was
assigned to patient suffering from gastric peptic ulcer. What this drug is?
A.
Pirenzepine*
B.
Atropine
C.
Platyphylline
D.
Methacinum
E.
Scopolamine.
85. A patient with a fracture of the mandible was delivered to the
Maxillofacial department. It was decided to connect the bones surgically under
general anesthesia. After intravenous injection of muscle relaxant transient
fibrillar contractions of facial muscles were observed. What kind of muscle
relaxant was used?
A.
Dithylinum*
B.
Tubocurarine chloride
C.
Pipecuroniub bromide
D.
Mellictinum
E.
Diazepam.
86. Dentist in order to reduce salivation during the filling of the tooth
prescribed the drug to the patient. What the medicine was prescribed?
A.
Adrenalin hydrochloride
B.
Phenylephrine (Mezaton)
C.
Neostigmine
D.
Pilocarpine hydrochloride
E.
Atropine sulfate*.
87. Iintroduction of the drug in experimental animals decreases
salivation, dilates pupils, and on the subsequent intravenous injection of
acetylcholine heart rate did not change significantly. Specify the name of the
substance:
A.
Propranolol (Anaprilin)
B.
Neostigmine methylsulfate
19
C.
D.
E.
Adrenaline
Salbutamol
Atropine*.
88. Dithylinum was injected to the patient before surgery and
intubation was performed. After the operation, and termination of anesthesia
spontaneous breathing was not restored. Deficiency of which enzyme is
responsible for prolongation of this muscle relaxant action?
A.
Carbonic anhydrase
B.
Pseudocholinesterase*
C.
Succinate dehydrogenase
D.
K-Na-ATPase
E.
N-acetyltransferase.
89. The preparation of the depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents
should be assign to the patient with a broken limb for short-lasting surgical
procedure. Choose the drug.
A.
Atropine sulfate
B.
Pentamin
C.
Dithylinum*
D.
Cytitonum
E.
Tubocurarine chloride.
90. In a patient with myasthenia after the treatment with neostigmine
nausea, diarrhea, and hypersalivation appeared. Point out the drug to eliminate
these side effects.
A.
Atropine Sulfate*
B.
Phenylephrine (Mezaton)
C.
Physostigmine
D.
Isoprenaline
E.
Pyridostigmine bromide.
91. In poisoned patient dryness of mucous membranes of the mouth and
dilated pupils were observed. What is the mechanism of these symptoms
development?
A.
Stimulation of N-cholinergic receptors
B.
Stimulation of the M-cholinergic receptors
C.
Adrenoceptor blockade
D.
M-cholinergic receptor blockade*
E.
Stimulation of adrenergic receptors.
92. In the patient with a forearm injury during the bone repositioning
Dithylinum was used for muscle relaxation. Full recovery of muscle tone and
function took more than an hour. What can be the cause of significant
lengthening of the drug’s action?
20
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Genetic deficiency of monoamine oxidase
Genetic deficiency of butyrylcholinesterase*
Inhibition of microsomal oxidation
Genetic deficiency of hydroxylase
Formation of the active metabolite.
Adrenomimetics and sympathomimetics
93. A patient with bronchial asthma is administered inhalation of 0,5
percent isadrine solution. Bronchospasm was relieved but the patient began
complaining of pain in the heart region and palpitation. It is connected with the
stimulation of :
A.
alpha one – adrenoreceptros
B.
Beta two – adrenoreceptros
C.
Beta one – adrenoreceptros*
D.
Acetylchloline synthesis
E.
M-chlolinoceptors.
94. Patient with bronchial asthma was taking tablets, which caused
insomnia, headache, increased blood pressure. What medicine can cause such
complications?
A.
Chromolin sodium
B.
Adrenaline
C.
Euphyline
D.
Ephedrine*
E.
Izadrine.
95. Spasm of smooth muscle of bronchi developed in the patient. Usage
of activators of what membrane cytoreceptors is physiologically valid to
decrease attack?
A.
alpha-аdrenoreceptors
B.
beta-adrenoreceptors*
C.
alpha-and- beta-аdrenoreceptors
D.
N-cholinoreceptors
E.
М-cholinoreceptors.
96. In the treatment of patient suffering from congestive heart failure
resistant to digitalis adrenomimetic was used as inotropic agent. Point out which
of the following drugs was administered.
A.
Phenylephrine
B.
Partusisten
C.
Dobutamine*
D.
Xylometazoline
21
E.
Naphazoline.
97. 63 years patient with symptoms of collapse was admitted into
emergency department. Doctor has chosen noradrenaline to overcome collapse.
What mechanism is responsible for therapeutic effect of this drug?
A.
Activation of alfa1 receptors*
B.
Activation of beta adrenoceptors
C.
Activation of dopaminergic receptors
D.
Blockade of M –cholinoceptors
E.
Activation of serotonin receptors..
98.
Dopamine increases urine production in a shocked patient because
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Increase cardiac output
Decreases aldosterone release
Decreases ADH release
Causes peripheral vasodilation
Causes renal arterial dilation*.
it:
99. To perform fundoscopy ophthalmologist instilled in the eye an
agent capable of causing mydriasis without cycloplegia. Point out this agent.
A.
Phenylephrine (Mesatonum)*
B.
Noradrenaline
C.
Atropine
D.
Pilocarpine
E.
Isoprenaline (Isadrinum).
100. A patient with bronchial asthma addresses his doctor with
complaints about unpleasant palpitations that occur after usage of inhalation
form of isoprenaline (isadrinum).What is the cause of this side effect?
A.
stimulation of alfa1– adrenoceptros
B.
stimulation of alfa2– adrenoceptros
C.
stimulation of beta1– adrenoceptros*
D.
stimulation of beta2– adrenoceptros
E.
inhibition of M-chlolinoceptors.
101. A patient with moderate hypertension was treated with the drug that
realizes its effect by decrease in noradrenaline release from sympathetic nerve
endings. While treatment patient experienced drowsiness. What the drug was
used?
A.
Prazosin
B.
Reserpin*
C.
Drotaverine
D.
Atenolol
E.
Dichlorothiazide.
22
102. Surgical treatment of benign tumor of prostate in 67- year patient
was postponed instead pharmacotherapy with adrenergic drag was started. Point
out which of the drugs was most probably used.
A.
Adrenaline
B.
Ephedrine
C.
Prazosine*
D.
Propranolol (Anaprilinum)
E.
Atenolol .
103. A patient has got a spasm of smooth muscles of bronchi. Blockers
of what membrane cytoreceptors are physiologically reasoned to stop an attack?
A.
beta-adrenoreceptors
B.
M-cholinoreccptors*
C.
alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptors
D.
H-cholinoreceptors
E.
alpha -adrenoreceptors.
104. A patient ill with bronchial asthma didn't inform his doctor that he
had attacks of stenocardia. Doctor administered him a medication, which taking
resulted in less frequent attacks of bronchial asthma. but stenocardia attacks
became more frequent. What medication was administered?
A.
Cromolyn sodium
B.
Salbutamol
C.
Aminophylline
D.
Phenotherol
E.
Isadrin*.
105. An ophthalmologist used a 1% mesaton solution for the diagnostic
purpose (pupil dilation for eve-ground examination). What is the cause of
mydriasis induced by the drug?
A.
Activation of alfa1 adrenoreceptors*
B.
Activation of beta1 adrenoreceptors
C.
Activation of M-cholinoreceptors
D.
Block of alfa1 adrenoreceptors
E.
Activation of alfa2 adrenoreceptors.
106. At the doctor's the dentist- surgeon injected 1% - procaine for
conduction anesthesia. It caused the change in patient’s condition: the skin was
covered with sticky and cold sweat, the pulse became almost impalpable,
breathing became rare and weak. Realizing that anaphylactic shock is originated,
a doctor immediately introduced intravenously drug that promptly improved the
patient's condition. Which of the following drugs can be used for first aid in
severe allergic reactions?
A.
Ipratropium bromide
23
B.
C.
D.
E.
Labetalol
Fenoterol
Adrenaline*
Dobutamine.
107. A patient with heart failure, resistant to cardiac glycosides was
admitted to hospital. A doctor appointed adrenomimetic as inotropic
(cardiotonic) drug. Which of these adrenomimetic has inotropic (cardiotonic)
action?
A.
Dobutamine*
B.
Phenylephrine (Mezaton)
C.
Naphazoline
D.
Fenoterol
E.
Halazolin.
108. In the maternity ward there is a pregnant woman with the danger of
miscarriage. Which of the following agents can be used to save the pregnancy?
A.
Reserpine
B.
Isoprenalin
C.
Nicergoline
D.
Ephedrine
E.
Fenoterol (Partusisten)*.
109. The patient went to the doctor for medical examination. In the
queue while waiting an attack of asthma originated. Which group of drugs is
advisable to use to provide first aid?
A.
N - cholinomimetics
B.
Sympathomimetics
C.
Beta-adrenomimetics*
D.
Beta-adrenoblockers
E.
M - cholinomimetics.
110. In anesthetic practice adrenaline is usually added to the local
anesthetics to prolong analgesia and reduce side effects. What the effect of
adrenaline contributes to this?
A.
Reducing the sensitivity of pain receptors
B.
Constriction of blood vessels*
C.
Increase in peripheral resistance
D.
Stimulation of the antinociceptive system
E.
CNS depression.
111. In the course of therapy of a patient a number of complications such
as mydriasis, tachycardia, and increased blood pressure have occurred. Which of
the listed drugs can cause such side effects?
A.
Propranolol (Anaprilin)
24
B.
C.
D.
E.
Adrenaline*
Phentolamine
Isoprenaline
Norepinephrine.
112. A patient made an inhalation of medication to relieve an attack of
asthma it quickly improved patient condition but caused tachycardia. Which of
the following agents can lead to such a complication?
A.
Fenoterol
B.
Atenolol
C.
Metoprolol
D.
Isoprenaline*
E.
Salbutamol.
113. A pregnant woman with a danger of abortion is admitted to
obstetric department. Which of these drugs should be applied to save the
pregnancy?
A.
Salbutamol*
B.
Oxytocin
C.
Neostigmine methylsulfate
D.
Dinoproston
E.
Quinine.
114. An ambulance was called to women 28 years old in connection with
an attack of asthma. After intramuscular injection of ephedrine her condition
was improved. However, after 49 minutes the attack was repeated, ephedrine
injected once more acted weaker, in the third attack of bronchospasm that
occurred in half an hour, ephedrine did not cause any effect.What is the name of
this phenomenon?
A.
Addiction
B.
Biotransformation
C.
Elimination
D.
Adsorption
E.
Tachyphylaxis*.
115. In a patient during a visit to the dentist an acute hypotension
occurred. Which of the drugs that stimulate adrenergic structures should be used
to normalize blood pressure?
A.
Naphazoline
B.
Xylometazoline
C.
Phenylephrine (Mezaton)*
D.
Ergotamine
E.
Doxozasin.
25
116.
adrenaline
receptors.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
In the experimental modeling of mechanism of inotropic effect of
activation of one of listed receptors was revealed. Point out these
M-Cholinergic receptors
Beta-1 - adrenoceptors*
Beta 2 - adrenergic receptors
Alpha 2 - adrenergic receptors
Alpha 1 - adrenergic receptors.
117. A patient with acute rhinitis was often applying intranasally 5%
solution of ephedrine hydrochloride. The effectiveness of the drug was declining
with each usage and on the third day disappeared entirely? What is the cause of
rapid decrease in drug’s efficacy (tachyphylaxis)?
A.
The progressive decrease in noradrenaline storage in sympathetic
nerve endings*
B.
Violation of the synthesis of norepinephrine in the sympathetic
nerve endings
C.
The increase in the reuptake of neurotransmitter
D.
Adrenoceptor blockade
E.
Violation of the process of neurotransmitter release from the depot.
Antiadrenergic drugs sympatholytics
118. The patient with a history of asthma have developed atrial
fibrillation, that requires
agent appointment. Which of the listed
antiarrhythmic drug is contraindicated in this case?
A.
Nifedipine
B.
Verapamil
C.
Propranolol (Anaprilin)*
D.
Procainainamide
E.
Ajmaline.
119. A patient with fibrillation, who has had bronchial asthma in his
anamnesis, should be administered antiarrhythmic drug. Which preparation from
the suggested group is contraindicated for this patient?
A.
Ajimaline
B.
Verapamil
C.
Novocainamide
D.
Nifedipine
E.
Propranolol (Anapriline )*.
120. 72-year woman suffering from angina pectoris was treated by
propranolol (anaprilinium). On the background of the treatment the cough with
26
bronchospastic components was developed. Doctor replaced propanolol by
atenolol. It results in abolishing of respiratory disturbances. What is the reason
of beneficial effect of atenolol ?
A.
Block of M-cholinoreceptors
B.
Absence of action upon beta2- adrenoceptors*
C.
Stimulating of M-cholonoreceptorsd
D.
Inhibition of m-cholinireceptors
E.
Absence of action on alfa- adrenoceptors.
121. Doctor prescribed selective alfa1-adrenoceptor blocker for
treatment of hypertensive patient. Which of the following drugs belongs to this
group?
A.
Metoprolol
B.
Phentolamine
C.
Cordarone
D.
Tropaphan
E.
Doxazosine*.
122. Patient with angina pectoris was treated with drug decreasing
oxygen demands of myocardium. While treatment, patient starts to complain of
extremities coldness especially fingers. Which of the drug was used?
A.
Atenolol
B.
Propanol (anaprilin)*
C.
Reserpine
D.
Prazosin
E.
Labetalol.
123. Patient with Raynaud disease was treated with phentolamine. What
is the mechanism of action of this drug?
A.
Blockade of B-adrenoceptors
B.
Blockade of alpha adrenoceptors*
C.
Decrease in neurotransmitter amount
D.
D Stimulation of central alpha2 adrenoceptors
E.
Blockade of central M-cholinoceptors.
124. Patient with initial form of hypertension complains of pain in heart
and tachycardia. Which of the following drugs has to be used in the treatment of
this patient
A.
Phentolamine
B.
Dihydroergotamine
C.
Propranolol (Anaprilin)*
D.
Prazosin
E.
Guanethidine(Octadinum).
27
125. Patient having in the past episodes of bronchial asthma addressed
doctor with angina pectoris. Doctor decided to treat patient with Badrenoblocker. Which of B-adrenoblocker is not contraindicated in this case?
A.
Anapriline(Propranolol)
B.
Atenolol*
C.
Oxprenolol
D.
Pindolol
E.
Nadolol.
126. Middle aged woman addressed doctor complaining on the attack of
periodical headache. On examination migraine was diagnosed. Doctor
prescribed anti-adrenergic drug. Point out the most suitable drug.
A.
Phentolamine
B.
Dihydoergotamine*
C.
Atenolol
D.
Dopamine
E.
Reserpine.
127. For treatment of hypertensive patient doctor prescribed
antiadrenergic drug, first administration of which in therapeutic dose caused
“first dose syncope”. Which drug was most probably used?
A.
Metoprolol
B.
Atenolol
C.
Prazosin*
D.
Reserpin
E.
Propranolol.
128. A 43 year-old male patient is suffering from hypertension. His
blood pressure was successfully controlled by monotherapy with adrenoblocker.
With time treatment was complicated with diarrhoea and impotence. The patient
addressed his doctor and the drug was changed for another adrenoblocker.
Which of adrenoblockers can cause above listed side effects?
A.
Metoprolol
B.
Salbutamol
C.
Propranolol
D.
Dobutamine
E.
Prazosin*.
129. In the presence of a beta-blocker, administration of adrenaline is
most likely to cause:
A.
Hypoglycemia
B.
Hypokalemia
C.
Hypertension*
D.
Hyperglycemia
E.
Hypotension..
28
130. Doctor prescribed selective alfa1-adrenoceptor blocker for
treatment of hypertensive patient. Which of the following drugs belongs to this
group?
A.
Metoprolol
B.
Phentolamine
C.
Cordarone
D.
Tropaphan
E.
Prazosin*.
131. A 62-year-old patient, prone to bronchoconstriction, addressed his
doctor with complaints of tachyarrhythmia troubling him several times a day.
The doctor prescribed anaprilin (propranolol). Administration of drug provoked
severe attack of bronchospasm. What is the mechanism of this side effect?
A.
Stimulation of M1- cholinoceptors
B.
Inhibition of alfa-adrenoceptors
C.
Inhibition of beta2 - adrenoceptors*
D.
Increase in n. vagus tone
E.
Stimulation of leukotriene release.
132. A young woman with 6 months pregnancy visited her doctor
complaining of periodical slight contractions of uterus. To prevent premature
labour doctor prescribed partusisten (fenoterol). What is the mechanism of
action of this drug?
A.
Stimulation of beta2 - adrenoceptors*
B.
Inhibition of beta2 - adrenoceptors
C.
Stimulation of alfa1 - adrenoceptors
D.
Inhibition of alfa1 - adrenoceptors
E.
Stimulation of M-cholinoceptors.
133. The patient with the initial form of hypertension complains of pain
in the heart and tachycardia. Which of the following drugs should be used in the
treatment of this patient?
A.
Prazosin
B.
Phentolamine
C.
Dihydroergotamine
D.
Propranolol (Anaprilin)*
E.
Reserpine.
134. A doctor prescribed the drug to the patient with hypertension. The
drug is acting by selective block of alpha 1 - adrenergic receptors. What the drug
was prescribed?
A.
Metoprolol
B.
Doxazosin*
C.
Phentolamine
29
D.
E.
Propranolol (Anaprilin)
Reserpine.
135. The patient in case of angina chest pain regularly takes
nitroglycerin, however, recently angina pectoris complicated by extrasystoles
and episodes of bronchospasm. Which of beta - blockers better to appoint for
such a patient?
A.
Timolol
B.
Propranolol (Anaprilin)
C.
Oxprenolol
D.
Atenolol*
E.
Nadolol.
136. Patients with essential hypertension (stage II) used one of
antihypertensive drugs. After a while blood pressure decreased, but the patient
began to complain of fatigue, sleepiness, apathy. Later on, a pain in the stomach
occurred, and gastric peptic ulcer was diagnosed. What the drug was used?
A.
Reserpine*
B.
Verapamil
C.
Captopril
D.
Dibazol
E.
Furosemide.
137. A patient with ischemic heart disease was admitted to cardiology
department. To prevent attacks of angina pains drug of beta-1adrenoblockers
was assigned. Name this drug:
A.
Metoprolol*
B.
Morphine hydrochloride
C.
Furosemide
D.
Oxytocin
E.
Atropine sulfate.
138.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Hypertensive patients is taking sympatholytic. Enter the drug.
Propranolol (Anaprilin)
Reserpine*
Adrenaline
Atropine
Phenylephrine (Mesatonum).
139.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Note the non-selective beta-blocker.
Mezatonum
Atenolol
Adrenaline
Salbutamol
Propranolol (Anaprilin)*.
30
140. The patient with hypertension was appointed cardioselective betablocker. Which drug is assigned to the patient?
A.
Reserpine
B.
Propranolol (Anaprilin)
C.
Metoprolol*
D.
Atropine
E.
Adrenaline.
141. To patient with a tachyarrhythmia doctor prescribed a beta-blocker.
Enter the drug.
A.
Adrenaline
B.
Propranolol (Anaprilin)*
C.
Atropine
D.
Isoprenaline
E.
Salbutamol.
142. The patient suffering from angina takes a selective betaadrenoblocker. Enter the drug.
A.
Metoprolol*
B.
Prazosin
C.
Atropine
D.
Pilocarpine
E.
Propranolol (Anaprilin).
143. Non selective alpha-adrenoblocker is prescribed for diagnostic
purposes to a woman with a suspected pheochromocytoma. Point out this drug
A.
Fentolamin*
B.
Propranolol (Anaprilin)
C.
Salbutamol
D.
Phenylephrine (Mesatonum)
E.
Clonidine.
The drugs for general anaesthesia
144. To anaesthetize the manipulation connected with burn surface
treatment, a patient was intravenously injected a medication for short-acting
narcosis.1 minute later the patient being under anesthesia had elevated blood
pressure, tachycardia, increased tone of skeletal muscles; the reflex were
reversed. After awakening the patient had disorientation and the visual
hallucination. What medicine was injected to the patient?
A.
Sombrevin
B.
Thiopental sodium
31
C.
D.
E.
Nitrous oxide
Ketamine*
Diethyl ether.
145. The anaesthetic used along with halothane to give excellent
analgesia and rapid induction is
A.
Nitrous oxide*
B.
Thiopental
C.
Desflurane
D.
Propofol
E.
Choroform.
146. To anaesthetize the manipulation related to burn surface treatment,
a patient was intravenously injected a medication for short-acting narcosis. 1
minute later the patient being under anaesthesia had increased blood pressure,
tachycardia, increased tone of sceletal muscles reflexes remained. After
awakening the patient had desorientation and visual hallucinations. What
medication was the patient injected?
A.
Nitrous oxide
B.
Thiopental sodium
C.
Ketamine*
D.
Diethyl ether
E.
Sombrevin.
147. Dental surgeon made tooth extraction in a patient under general
anesthesia. Which of the following medications can be used in this case for
short-term noninhalation general anesthesia?
A.
Ketamine*
B.
Predion
C.
Thiopental sodium
D.
Halothane
E.
Nitrogen oxide.
148. To make the treatment of burn surface painless intravenous general
anesthetic for short-term anesthesia was injected to patient. Anesthesia
developed in 1 minute during anesthesia increase in blood pressure, tachycardia,
increase in tone of skeletal muscles have occurred. On the recovery from
anesthesia patient experienced disorientation and visual hallucinations. What is
the drug entered the patient?
A.
Ether for anesthesia
B.
Sombrevin
C.
Ketamine*
D.
Thiopental sodium
E.
Nitrous oxide.
32
149. To do a biopsy of breast tumors in 35 years old woman analgesia is
required. What type anesthesia should be used?
A.
Potentiated anesthesia with muscle relaxants
B.
Combined mixed anesthesia
C.
Neurolept-analgesia*
D.
Basic anesthesia (Na-hydroxybutyrate)
E.
Inhalation anesthesia.
150. A 28 years old woman addressed the dentist about dental
prosthetics. Because she is allergic to local anesthetics, dental treatment was
necessary to carry out under general anesthesia. Which general anesthetic drug
should be used for this purpose, taking into consideration short duration of
manipulation?
A.
Sodium hydroxybutyrate
B.
Ketamine*
C.
Thiopental
D.
Halothane
E.
Hexobarbital (Hexenalum).
151. To anesthetize the procedure of taking a biopsy in patient a drug
that causes a fast anesthesia lasting about 5 minutes was injected intravenously.
During anesthesia there were involuntary movements, slight decrease in blood
pressure, short-term respiratory arrest, which was quickly restored. What kind of
drug was used?
A.
Halothane
B.
Ketamine
C.
Predion
D.
Propanidid*
E.
Sodium hydroxybutyrate.
152. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures with loss of consciousness were
periodically occurring in a patient after an injury; these seizures were followed
by a general depression of central nervous system. What the drug should be
assign to prevent seizures?
A.
Trihexyphenidyl (Cyclodolum)
B.
Midantan
C.
Levodopa
D.
Disilfiram (Teturam)
E.
Phenobarbital*.
153. Identify the drug that has sedative, hypnotic, anesthetic, antihypoxic, myorelaxant actions and it is used as general anesthetic and hypnotic.
A.
Sodium hydroxybutyrate*
B.
Hexobarbital
C.
Chloral hydrate
33
D.
E.
Diazepam
Thiopental sodium.
154. The patient takes disulfiram (teturam). What is the indication for
use of this drug?
A.
Psychosis
B.
Preparation for surgery
C.
Fear and anxiety
D.
Neurosis
E.
Alcoholism*.
Hypnotic, antiepileptic and antiparkinsonian drugs
155. A 5 years old child from time to time have seizures with loss of
consciousness. The doctor diagnosed epilepsy (large seizures). Which drug is
advisable to appoint a patient?
A.
Phenobarbital*
B.
Benactizin(Amizulum)
C.
Trihexyphenidyl (Cyclodolum)
D.
Ethosuximide
E.
Levodopa.
156. A man aged 68 with trembling hands and incoordination diagnosed
with Parkinson's disease. Which drug is advisable to appoint a patient?
A.
Phenytoin
B.
Finlepsin
C.
Ethosuximide
D.
Phenobarbital
E.
Trihexyphenidyl (Cyclodolum)*.
157. 40 years woman addressed doctor with complaints of psychic
disturbances appeared with long-term usage of phenobarbital as a hypnotic.
What the drug should be used instead of phenobarbital?
A.
Sodium hydroxybutyrate
B.
Bromizoval
C.
Chloral hydrate
D.
Nitrazepam*
E.
Noxiron.
158. Due to emotional stress a man permanently is in a state of nervous
tension and has poor sleep. The doctor gave him a diazepam. Which of the
following effects of diazepam is the base for its clinical application in this case?
A.
Hypotensive
34
B.
C.
D.
E.
Anxiolytic (Tranquilizing)*
Analgesic
Anticonvulsant
Antidepressant.
159. A patient suffering from insomnia addressed his doctor. The main
problem was in the difficulties with sleep onset. Doctor prescribed zolpidem.
Which of the following characteristics is true for this agent?
A.
It belongs to benzodiazepine derivatives
B.
It belongs to barbiturates
C.
It has the ability to cause quick onset of sleep*
D.
It’s poorly absorbed from GIT
E.
It’s poorly bind to protein.
160. A 46- year-old patient with a history of epilepsy (grand mal)
developed status epilepticus. Choose the drug to arrest convulsions.
A.
Sodium valproate
B.
Diazepam*
C.
Levodopa
D.
Chlorpromazine
E.
Droperidol.
161. An antiepileptic drug, which prevents metabolism of GABA, was
included in complex therapy of patient with epilepsy (grand mal). Point out this
drug
A.
Phenytoin
B.
Phenobarbitone
C.
Carbamazepine
D.
Ethosuximide
E.
Sodium valproate*.
162. Patient with phenobarbital poisoning was presented to emergency
department. To promote kidney excretion of poison sodium bicarbonate was
administered intravenously. What mechanism is responsible for an increase in
barbiturate excretion?
A.
Increase in polarity of barbiturate*
B.
Increase in fat solubility of barbiturate
C.
Increase in barbiturate reabsorption
D.
Increase in rate of glomerular filtration
E.
Decrease in protein binding.
163. Deficiency in dopamine production by neurons of strio-pallidal
system is considered to be one of the main causes of Parkinson’s disease. Point
out the drug used for replacement therapy of this disease
A.
Atropine
35
B.
C.
D.
E.
Dopamine
Levodopa*
Carbidopa
Amantadine.
164. The patient was taken the mixture prescribed by neuropathologist
for neurasthenia for 2 weeks. Patient felt better but developed coryza,
conjunctivitis, rash, inertia, decrease of memory. Bromizm was diagnosed.
What should be prescribed to decrease symptoms?
A.
Glucose solution 5%
B.
Calcium chloride
C.
Natrium chloride*
D.
Polyglucin
E.
Asparcam.
165. The antiepileptic drug which causes nystagmus, ataxia and gum
hypertrophy is
A.
Phenytoin*
B.
Phenobarbitone
C.
Carbamazepine
D.
Ethosuximide
E.
Valproic acid.
166. A 16 years boy is a known as patient suffering from epilepsy.
Following several years of a drug therapy, gingival hyperplasia developed. For
which drug this side effect is characteristic?
A.
Alprazolam
B.
Carbamazepine
C.
Valproic acid
D.
Ethosuximide
E.
Phenytoin*.
167. A woman, which is on phenytoin, wants to conceive. What advice
you can give to her about drug?
A.
Increase the dose of phenytoin
B.
Change to valproic acid
C.
Addition of valproic acid
D.
Change to phenobarbitone*
E.
Decrease the dose of phenobarbitone.
168. An old epileptic patient on phenytoin is having status eplilepticus.
What will you give to this patient in emergency?
A.
Phenytoin
B.
Carbamazepine
C.
Diazepam*
36
D.
E.
Valproic acid
Primidone.
169. Disulfiram is widely used in medical practice to prevent
alcocholism. It inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase. Increased level of what
metabolite causes aversion to alcochol?
A.
Propionic aldehyde
B.
Methanol
C.
Ethanol*
D.
Acetaldehyde
E.
Malonyc aldehyde.
Pharmacology of opioid analgesics
170. Very painful uterine contractions have been occurring in a pregnant
woman at normal term. To relieve the woman’s condition during labour, a
doctor decided to use opioid (narcotic) analgesic. Which of the listed drugs can
be used in this case?
A.
Trimeperidine (Promedolum)*
B.
Morphine
C.
Metamizole (Analginum)
D.
Papaverine
E.
Codeine.
171. A 60-year-old male is brought to emergency room. He is comatose
and his pupils are constricted. Physician suspects opium overdose. What is the
best drug to be administered?
A.
Flumazanil
B.
Calcium carbonate
C.
Sodium bicarbonate
D.
Naloxone*
E.
Atropine.
172. A young man was taken to emergency department with numerous
traumas of chest and head. Anesthesiologist proposed to inject morphine to
relieve patient’s condition, but traumatologist rejected proposition of his
colleague. Why morphine is contraindicated in this case?
A.
It increases intracranial pressure*
B.
It stimulates vagal center
C.
It decreases intraocular pressure
D.
It causes miosis
E.
It depresses center of cough reflex.
37
173. It is known that morphine can cause a shift of blood from
pulmonary to systemic circuit. It results in lowering of resistance in pulmonary
vascular bed. In which case in may be used?
A.
Bronchitis
B.
Pneumonia
C.
Pulmonary oedema*
D.
Bronchiectatic disease
E.
Emphysema.
174. Patient in unconscious state was admitted to the emergency room.
Skin is cold, pupils are pinpoint like, breathing is heavy, with cycles of the
Cheyne- Stokes type, blood pressure is decreased, urinary bladder is overloaded.
Poisoning with what substance is the most likely?
A.
Neosigmin (Proserinum)
B.
Sedatives
C.
M-cholinergic antagonists
D.
Nor-narcotic analgesics
E.
Narcotic analgesics*.
175. Examination of a patient revealed extremely myotic pupils,
sleepiness, infrequent Chain-Stoke's respiration. urinary retention, slowingdown of heart rate, enhancement of spinal reflexes. What substance caused the
poisoning?
A.
Atropine
B.
Phosphacole
C.
Caffeine
D.
Morphine*
E.
Barbital.
176. A patient with acute morphine poisoning was delivered to a
hospital. What specific narcotic antagonist should be chosen in this case?
A.
Unithiol
B.
Paracetamol
C.
Digoxin
D.
Methacin
E.
Naloxone*.
177. A young man with an addiction to opioid drugs denies drug
dependence. Introduction of one of these drugs will help to prove drug
dependence. Point out this drug.
A.
Morphine
B.
Codeine
C.
Trimeperidine (Promedol)
D.
Fentanyl
E.
Pentazocine*.
38
178. A 30 years old patient was delivered to emergency department with
a fractured thigh bone after a car accident. The patient had dramatically reduced
blood pressure to 70/40 mm Hg, weak pulse, enhanced pain response to touch to
damaged area. What should be used for prevention of traumatic shock in
patient?
A.
Metamizol (Analgin)
B.
Papaverine
C.
Morphine*
D.
Paracetamol
E.
Pentazocine.
179. The patient with inoperative lung cancer metastasizing in the spine
was suffering from severe pain. To relieve patient's condition analgesic is
required. Which drug should be administered?
A.
Analgine
B.
Codeine
C.
Paracetamol
D.
Morphine*
E.
Papaverine.
180. On arrival of ambulance a 25 years old patient was unconscious and
15 vials of morphine solution were found near him patient had periodic
breathing, slowed heart rate, suppressed reflexes except for the knee, and
narrowed pupils he was taken to the emergency department. What measure
should be applied in the first place?
A.
Gastric lavage*
B.
Diuretic
C.
Antiarrhythmic drug
D.
Enema
E.
Induction of vomiting.
181. A child of 4 years is hospitalized to the orthopedic department with
a fractured ankle with displacement. The reposition of bone fragments required
analgesia. What medication should be used?
A.
Analgin
B.
Promedol*
C.
Morphine hydrochloride
D.
Panadol
E.
Omnopon.
182.
A.
B.
C.
Choose a specific antagonist of narcotic analgesics.
Caffeine-sodium benzoate
Ethimizol
Bemegride
39
D.
E.
Strychnine
Naloxone*.
183. A patient with symptoms of renal colic is admitted to the urology
department. Which of these drugs should be advised to provide him first aid?
A.
Morphine
B.
Trimeperidine (Promedol)*
C.
Pentazocine
D.
Fentanyl
E.
Tramadol.
184. A patient with dislocation of shoulder was admitted to
traumatologic department. The reduction of dislocation should be performed
under neuroleptanalgesia. Chose the opioid analgesic used for this purpose.
A.
Naloxone
B.
Cordiamin
C.
Morphine
D.
Ethimizol
E.
Fentanyl*.
Pharmacology of nonopioid analgesics
185. A 67 year-old male patient suffering from arthritis was treating
himself with acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin). In 2 weeks patient addressed doctor
complaining of pain in epigastric area. On examination of the patient doctor
prescribed anti-inflammatory agent, selectively inhibiting COX–2. Point out this
drug.
A.
Paracetamole
B.
Diclophenac-sodium
C.
Celecoxib*
D.
Metamisole (Analginum)
E.
Indomethacine.
186. In complex treatment of a patient with angina pectoris non- narcotic
analgesic exerting antiplatelet activity was included. Point out this agent.
A.
Meperidine
B.
Morphine
C.
Tramadol
D.
Metamizole
E.
Aspirin*.
187. Due to inhibition of COX aspirin exerts all the following effects
except
40
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Anti-inflammatory
Antiplatelet
Increase in warfarin efficacy*
Antipyretic
Analgesic.
188. A patient with toothache was relieving his pain with help of
metamizole (analginum). Point out another useful effect of this drug that
contributes to the improvement of patient’s condition
A.
Sedative effect
B.
Anti-inflammatory effect*
C.
AntIplatelet effect
D.
Antioxidative effect
E.
Antimicrobial effect.
189. The usage of acetylsalicylic acid resulted in occurrence of
epigastric pain in patient. On examination of the patient gastric ulcer was
revealed. What the mechanism is responsible for ulcerogenity of this drug?
A.
Stimulation of pepsin secretion
B.
Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis*
C.
Increase in bile production and its reflux
D.
Spasm of vessels
E.
Spasm of gastric smooth muscles.
190. Doctor visited a 5-year-old child with fever and complaints of
headache. Doctor suspected the onset of viral infection. To relieve patient’s
condition doctor prescribed non-opioid analgesic, which additionally exerts
antipyretic effect but lacks anti-inflammatory action. Point out the prescribed
drug
A.
Metamizole (Analginum)
B.
Celecoxib
C.
Aspirin
D.
Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)*
E.
Diclophenac-sodium.
191. After the usage of acetylsalicylic acid a patient developed epigastric
pain because of exacerbation of his ulcer. What is the mechanism of this drug
ulcerogenity?
A.
Stimulation of pepsin secretion
B.
Antiprostagladinic effect*
C.
Cholagogic effect
D.
Spasm of vessels
E.
Immunodepressive effect.
192. Point out non- narcotic analgesic, which exerts antiplatelet activity.
41
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Meperidine
Morphine
Tramadol
Metamizole
Aspirin*.
193. A 2-year-old child is often catching a cold with fever. Which
antipyretic drug is safer at this age than acetylsalicylic acid?
A.
Analgin
B.
Indomethacin
C.
Paracetamol*
D.
Phenylbutazone
E.
Phenylbutasone.
194. A 7 year child have caught cold, he was shivering, fever up to 39,2
° C, his respiratory rate - 45 per minute, pulse - 105 beats per minute. The doctor
diagnosed an acute viral infection, and appointed a baby aspirin. By means of
what mechanism the drug realized its antipyretic effect in this case?
A.
The overall calming effect
B.
Slowing down heartbeat
C.
Increase in heat output*
D.
Slowing of the respiratory rhythm
E.
Reduction of heat production.
Neuroleptics, antianxiety, and sedative agents
195. A patient was treated for psychosis for 2 weeks. The psychic
patient's condition improved but rigidity, tremor, and hypokinesia developed.
Which of the drugs can cause such complications?
A.
Diazepam
B.
Chlorpromazine (Aminazine)*
C.
Amytriptiline
D.
Piracetam
E.
Chlordiazepoxide.
196. A 60 years old woman addressed her doctor complaining of side
effects which appeared while treatment with chlorpromazine (aminazinum). She
was troubled with tremor and disturbances of movements. What is the
mechanism of this side effect?
A.
Activation of hyppocampus
B.
Inhibition of reticular formation (alfa1 - adrenoceptors)
C.
Inhibition of neostriatum (D2 receptors)*
D.
Inhibition of hypothalamus
42
E.
Inhibition of hyppocampus.
197. A 50 years old patient with chronic alcoholism became aggressive.
To abolish aggression, chlorpromazine was administered intramuscularly. The
patient’s attempt to rise soon after an injection resulted in loss of consciousness.
What is the probable cause of such complication?
A.
Blockade of reticular formation
B.
Disturbance of coronary blood circulation
C.
Blockade of alfa- adrenoceptors*
D.
Inhibition of hypothamus
E.
Blockade of M- cholinoceptors.
198. After emotional stress, patient was permanently in a condition of
nervous tension and had poor sleep. Doctor prescribed him diazepam. Which
of the listed effects of this drug is responsible for its clinical use?
A.
Hypotensive effect
B.
Analgesic effect
C.
Anticonvulsant
D.
Tranquilizing*
E.
Anti psychotic.
199. Point out the neuroleptic that is most commonly used in
neuroleptanalgesia.
A.
Chlorpromazine
B.
Droperidol*
C.
Diazepam
D.
Chlorprotixene
E.
Sulpiride.
200. A patient on a particular psychotropic medication complains of
severe dizziness. His blood pressure in a supine position is 115/80 mm hg on
standing it drops to 82/50 mm hg. Which of the following drugs is most likely
responsible for these symptoms?
A.
Carbamazepine
B.
Chlorprozamine*
C.
Chlordiazepoxide
D.
Cortisone
E.
Ibuprofen.
201. A patient has been taking a mixture prescribed by neuropathologist
for neurasthenia for two weeks. The patient feels better but has developed
coryza, conjunctivitis, rash, inertia, decrease of memory. She is diagnosed with
bromizm. What should be prescribed to decrease the
A.
Glucose solution 5%
B.
Polyglucin
43
C.
D.
E.
Asparcam
Natrium chloride*
Kalium chloride.
202. A patient who has been treated in a neural clinic and has been
taking a sedative for a long time got the following complication: cough, rhinitis,
epiphora. What drug caused these disturbances?
A.
Sodium bromide*
B.
Valerian
C.
Phenazepam
D.
Reserpine
E.
Diazepam.
203. Select the most appropriate drug for the systematic treatment of a
patient with severe productive psychotic symptoms (delirium and
hallucinations).
A.
Trifluoperazine (Triftazin)*
B.
Clozapine
C.
Medazepam
D.
Amitriptyline
E.
Buspirone.
204. Neuroleptics have the properties of eliviating delusions,
hallucinations, reducing of aggression and psychomotor agitation. This action is
called:
A.
Antipsychotic*
B.
Hypodynamic
C.
Antihysteric
D.
Anxiolytic
E.
Antineurotic.
205. A 40 years patient delivered to psychiatric clinic in a state of
agitation, aggression, delusions. What medication should be administered?
A.
Sodium bromide
B.
Chlorpromazine*
C.
Reserpine
D.
Tincture of valerian
E.
Amitriptyline.
206. The patient with schizophrenia was appointed chlorpromazine.
What the pharmacological effect is the basis for assigning it to the patient?
A.
Hypothermic
B.
Hypotensive
C.
Antipsychotic*
D.
Antiemetic
44
E.
Myorelaxant.
207. A patient addressed a doctor complaining of anxiety, fear,
uneasiness, inner tension. Which drug should be assigned?
A.
Tincture of valerian
B.
Pavlov Medicine
C.
Diazepam*
D.
Tincture of leonuri
E.
Etaminal sodium.
208. On examination of the patient, unstable blood pressure, irritability,
emotional imbalance, poor sleep were revealed, and doctor has prescribed
chlordiazepoxide (elenium). Which of the following statements is ground for
prescription elenium in this case?
A.
Psychosis
B.
Cardiopathy
C.
Hypertention
D.
Coronary artery disease
E.
Neurosis*.
209.
diazepam?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The presence of which syndrome is the basis for the appointment of
Lingering paralysis
Inadequate perceptions (hallucinations)
Euphoric state of pathological origin
Anxiety*
Pathological thought disorder.
210. Patient 38 years old suffering from schizophrenia for a long time is
on the psychotropic drugs. He addressed the doctor with complaints of
disturbances of motor coordination, hand tremor, drowsiness. Which group of
drugs can cause such a condition?
A.
Antipsychotics*
B.
Antidepressants
C.
Analgesics
D.
Adaptogens
E.
Psychomotor stimulants.
211. A single parenteral administration of the drug in the patient with
schizophrenia caused severe hypotension. To which of these groups does drug
belong?
A.
Nootropics
B.
Antipsychotics*
C.
Tranquilizers
D.
Antidepressants
45
E.
CNS stimulants.
212. A patient with acute myocardial infarction experienced persistent
chest pain. The ineffectiveness of drugs previously designated gave the grounds
for doctor to use neuroleptanalgesia. Which antipsychotic agent is used for this
type of anesthesia?
A.
Chlorpromazine
B.
Triftazinum
C.
Metaperazine
D.
Droperidol*
E.
Thioridazine.
213. A patient with schizophrenia is taking typical neuroleptic. Which of
the effects is the basis for its application in schizophrenia?
A.
Antipsychotic*
B.
Antiemetic
C.
Hypothermic
D.
Myorelaxant
E.
Hypotensive.
214. A patient addressed the doctor with complaints of poor health,
depression, skin rashes. An interview revealed that the patient within three
weeks was taking sedative medicine, prescribed by a neurologist. With the
admission of which drugs complaints of patient were associated?
A.
Bromides*
B.
Lithium
C.
Tranquilizers
D.
Antipsychotics
E.
Preparations of valerianae.
Psychotropic
stimulating
agents.
Antidepressants.
Psychomotostimulants. Analeptics. Nootropic drugs
215. A patient with poisoning caused by carbon monoxide was
administered directly acting analeptic drug. What medicine was used?
A.
Codeine
B.
Ephedrine
C.
Caffeine*
D.
Atropine sulfate
E.
Lobeline.
46
216. A premature newborn was apnoic. Directly acting analeptic drug
was given to restore breathing. What medicine was most probably administered
to the patient?
A.
Ethymisolum*
B.
Phenylephrine (Mesatonum)
C.
Adrenaline hydrochloride
D.
Atropine sulfate
E.
Lobeline hydrochloride.
217. A psychiatrist was invited to a patient who made an attempt to
commit suicide. Doctor diagnosed endogenous depression. Choose the most
suitable drug for treatment of this patient.
A.
Nootropil (piracetam)
B.
Amytriptyline*
C.
Sydnocarbum
D.
Ethymisolum
E.
Caffeine.
218. A patient had a stroke. Which of the listed drugs is necessary to
include in the complex therapy in order to improve mental performance?
A.
Caffeine
B.
Piracetam*
C.
Diazepam
D.
Phenazepam
E.
Amitryptiline.
219. What is the main mechanism by which amitriptyline increases
amount of catecholamines in CNS synapses?
A.
Increase in catecholamines release from presynaptic membrane
B.
Increase in catecholamines synthesis in presynaptic membrane
C.
Prevention of catecholamines degradation in the synapse
D.
Inhibition of neuronal re uptake of catecholamines*
E.
Inhibition of MAO.
220. Analeptical directly acting drug was given to the patient for
restoration of breathing after poisoning with carbon monoxide. What medicine
was prescribed to the patient?
A.
Pentamin
B.
Mesaton
C.
Caffeine*
D.
Atropine sulphate
E.
Lobeline hydrochloride.
221. Which of the following characteristics of amphetamines is most
likely to be responsible for increasing blood pressure?
47
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Indirect release of endogenous catecholamines*
Inhibition of catecholamines metabolism
Metabolism to false neuro-chemical transmitters
Potent alpha1 adrenergic transmitters
Potent beta-2 adrenergic agonist.
222. The CNS stimulation produced by methylxanthines, such as
caffeine, is most likely due to the antagonism of one of the following recertors:
A.
Glycine receptors
B.
Adenosine receptors*
C.
Glutamate receptors
D.
GABA receptors
E.
Cholinergic muscarinic receptors.
223. A patient who has been treated with diazepam on account of
neurosis complains of toothache. Doctor administered him an analgetic, but its
dose was lower then average therapeutic dose. What phenomenon did the doctor
take into account while prescribing the patient an underdose?
A.
Drug dependence
B.
Cumulation
C.
Tolerance
D.
Summation
E.
Potentation*.
224. Pharmacological effects of antidepressants are connected with
inhibitionof an enzyme catalyzing biogenic amines noradrenaline and serotonine
in the mitochondrions of cerebral neurons. What enzyme participates in this
process?
A.
Lyase
B.
Monoamine oxidase*
C.
Transaminase
D.
Peptidase
E.
Decarboxylase.
225. A psychiatrist was called for the woman who tried to commit
suicide on examination the state of endogenous depression was diagnosed.
Which drug is most efficient for treatment of this patient?
A.
Piracetam (Nootropil)
B.
Amitriptyline*
C.
Sydnokarb
D.
Aethimizolum
E.
Caffeine.
226. Which agent will you choose for increase in mental performance
and decrease of tiredness?
48
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Buspirone
Nialamide
Sidnokarb
Imipramine
Caffeine*.
227. Doctor recommended taking caffeine the patient with pathological
sleepiness.Which of the following mechanisms of action provides its therapeutic
effect in this disease?
A.
The concentration and increased inhibition in the cerebral cortex
B.
Increased synthesis of dopamine
C.
Enhancement the processes of excitation in the brain*
D.
Inhibition of the midbrain reticular formation
E.
The weakening of the excitation in the brain.
228.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Point out preferable analeptic in acute barbiturate poisoning
Cordiaminum
Caffeine
Camphor
Bemegride*
Aethimizolum.
229. The patient had a stroke. Which of the following drugs should be
included in the combined therapy to improve the metabolism of the brain?
A.
Piracetam*
B.
Caffeine
C.
Diazepam
D.
Phenazepam
E.
Amitriptyline.
230. Which the drug from the group of psychomotor stimulants can
cause the development of drug addiction?
A.
Amphetamin (Phenaminum)*
B.
Meridil
C.
Sidnokarb
D.
Bemithylum
E.
Caffeine.
231. Which of the following effects of piracetam is used for chronic
vascular disorders of the brain?
A.
Anticonvulsant activity
B.
Improvement of mental performance*
C.
Antiwithdrawal effect
D.
Improvement of physical activity
E.
Antipsychotic effect.
49
232. The patient complains of fatigue, general weakness, decrease in
visual acuty, low blood pressure. Which drug is helpful in this case?
A.
Liquid extract of Eleutherococcus*
B.
Phenibut
C.
Piracetam
D.
Dry extract of Valeriana
E.
Amitriptyline.
233. The primary goal of medical aid in vascular collapse is an increase
in blood pressure. Which of the following medications can be used for this
purpose?
A.
Aethimizolum
B.
Diphenhydramine
C.
Bemegride
D.
Caffeine-sodium benzoate*
E.
Ketotifen.
234. A patient admitted to the neurological department complains of
memory loss and cognitive disability after trauma of the head. What kind of
medication is needed to improve the metabolism of the brain?
A.
Caffeine
B.
Metamizole (Analginum)
C.
Piracetam (nootropil)*
D.
Sidnokarb
E.
Meridil.
235. A psychiatrist was called for the woman who tried to commit
suicide on examination the state of endogenous depression was diagnosed.
Which drug is most efficient for treatment of this patient?
A.
Piracetam (Nootropil)
B.
Amitriptyline*
C.
Sydnokarbum
D.
Aethimizolum
E.
Caffeine.
236. Which agent will you choose for increase in mental performance
and decrease of tiredness?
A.
Nialamide
B.
Diazepam
C.
Imipramine
D.
Buspirone
E.
Caffeine*.
50
237. When should you expect for a specific therapeutic effect of
pantocrinum in its systematic application?
A.
After 9-15 days*
B.
After 30-60 minutes
C.
1-3 days
D.
After 30-45 days
E.
After 3-6 hours.
238. Doctor recommended taking caffeine the patient with pathological
sleepiness. Which of the following mechanisms of action provides its
therapeutic effect in this disease?
A.
Enhancement the processes of excitation in the brain*
B.
Increased synthesis of dopamine
C.
The concentration and increased inhibition in the cerebral cortex
D.
Inhibition of the midbrain reticular formation
E.
The weakening of the excitation in the brain.
239.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Point out preferable analeptic in acute barbiturate poisoning
Caffeine
Bemegride*
Camphor
Cordiaminum
Aethimizolum.
240. The patient had a stroke. Which of the following drugs should be
included in the combined therapy to improve the metabolism of the brain?
A.
Caffeine
B.
Diazepam
C.
Piracetam*
D.
Phenazepam
E.
Amitriptyline.
241. The primary goal of medical aid in vascular collapse is an increase
in blood pressure. Which of the following medications can be used for this
purpose?
A.
Diphenhydramine
B.
Bemegride
C.
Caffeine-sodium benzoate*
D.
Aethimizolum
E.
Ketotifen.
242. A patient admitted to the neurological department complains of
memory loss and cognitive disability after trauma of the head. What kind of
medication is needed to improve the metabolism of the brain?
A.
Piracetam (nootropil)*
51
B.
C.
D.
E.
Metamizole (Analginum)
Caffeine
Sydnokarbum
Meridil.
243.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Which of the following tonics is derived from animal products?
Tincture ginseng
Pantocrine*
Saparalum
Ecdistenum
Securininum.
244. Among the antidepressant drugs there are those that inhibit
neuronal norepinephrine reuptake. Point out such drug.
A.
Fluoxetine
B.
Nialamide
C.
Chlorprothixene
D.
Chlorpromazine
E.
Maprotilime*.
245.
analeptic.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Mark pharmacological effect, limiting the use of strychnine as
Stiffness in skeletal muscle, convulsions*
Hypercatharsis
Increased metabolism
Strengthening of sight and hearing
Impact on hematopoiesis.
246. What drug from the group of analeptics is preferable to use in
newborn asphyxia?
A.
Caffeine
B.
Aethimizolum*
C.
Camphor
D.
Cordiaminum
E.
Corazolum.
247. A 19 years old boy addressed doctor complaining of discomfort in
the heart area. Doctor asked him about smoking and other bad habits. Patient
denied all of mentioned bad habits, and sad he likes coffee and uses up to 8
glasses of strong drink a day. Why coffee containing caffeine can worsen heart
function?
A.
It causes tachycardia, increases in oxygen demand of the heart*
B.
It slows impulse conduction in the heart
C.
It weakens the force of heart contractions
D.
It causes a narrowing of the coronary vessels
52
E.
248.
(pirazidol)?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
It decreases automaticity of the heart.
What is the mechanism of action of antidepressant pirlindol
The reversible inhibition of MAO*
Irreversible inhibition of MAO
Selective inhibition of neuronal capture of catecholamines
Non-selective inhibition of neuronal capture catecholamines
Inhibitor of vesicular capture catecholamines.
249. A patient with symptoms of mental depression in the drug treatment
did not keep the doctor recommended a diet that caused the rise in blood
pressure. Which group of antidepressants requires compliance in this condition?
A.
Tricyclic antidepressant
B.
Nonselective MAO inhibitors*
C.
Selective inhibitors of catecholamines reuptake
D.
Lithium preparations
53