 Chapter 4 (pages 52-71) Matter and Energy in the Ecosystem
1. READ chapter 4 (pgs 52-71) in the text book.
2. Define the Vocabulary:
Chapter 4 Vocabulary
1. BiologicalMagnification:______________________________________________________________________
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2. Biomass:__________________________________________________________________________________
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3. Consumer:_________________________________________________________________________________
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4. Decomposer:_______________________________________________________________________________
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5. EcologicalPyramid:__________________________________________________________________________
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6. Evaporation:_______________________________________________________________________________
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7. FoodChain:________________________________________________________________________________
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8. FoodWeb:_________________________________________________________________________________
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9. Legume:___________________________________________________________________________________
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10. Producer:__________________________________________________________________________________
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11. Transpiration:______________________________________________________________________________
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12. TrophicLevel:_______________________________________________________________________________
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 4.1 Roles of Living Things
 All
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 In ecosystem___________________________________________________________________:
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 Energy ________________________________________________________________________
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 Organisms _____________________________________________________________________:
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 Producers
 Producers: _____________________________________________________________________
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 Produce _______________________________________________________________________
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 Examples: ______________________________________________________________________
 Consumers
 Consumers: ____________________________________________________________________
 Must __________________________________________________________________________
 Examples: ______________________________________________________________________
 4 ways consumers gather food:
 1.______________________________________________________________________
 2. ______________________________________________________________________
 3.______________________________________________________________________
 4.Scavengers _____________________________________________________________
 Herbivores: ____________________________________________________________________
 Examples: _______________________________________________________________
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 Carnivores: ______________________________________________________________
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 Examples: _______________________________________________________________
 Omnivores: ____________________________________________________________________
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 Examples: _______________________________________________________________
 Scavengers: ____________________________________________________________________
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 Examples: _______________________________________________________________
 Decomposers
 Decomposers: __________________________________________________________________
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 Trophic Levels
 Trophic Level: ___________________________________________________________________
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 ________________________________________________________________________
 ________________________________________________________________________
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 Producers
 ________________________________________________________________________
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 Consumers
 ________________________________________________________________________
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 Check for Understanding:
1. List the different groups of organisms in an ecosystem, and explain how each type gathers food.
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2. How do autotrophs and heterotrophs differ?
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3. In most ecosystems, the first trophic level contains more organisms than the second trophic level.
Can you suggest a reason that explains this pattern?
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 In your journal:
-Make a list of 10 organisms (living things) you saw on your way to school today.
-Label each one as a producer, consumer, or decomposer.
-For Homework – complete review worksheet 4.1.
 4.2 Ecosystem Structure
 Producers ______________________________________________________________________
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 Changes _______________________________________________________________________
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 Food Chain: ____________________________________________________________________
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 Food Web: _____________________________________________________________________
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 Biological Magnification
 Humans _______________________________________________________________________
 This is _________________________________________________________________________
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 Biological Magnification: __________________________________________________________
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 Check for Understanding:
1. What are food chains and food webs and how are they related?
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2. Explain the process of biological magnification.
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-Homework – complete review worksheet 4.2
 Class Activity
-Food Chain Stackers
 Case Study
-Read “DDT in an Aquatic Food Chain” and answer questions in journal.
-Complete vocabulary words
 4.3 Energy in the Ecosystem
 Energy ________________________________________________________________________
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 Energy ________________________________________________________________________
 No ___________________________________________________________________________
 Amount _______________________________________________________________________
 Energy and Food
 Producers
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 Energy ________________________________________________________________________
 Biomass: _______________________________________________________________________
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 Much _________________________________________________________________________
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 Ecological Pyramids
 Ecological Pyramid: ______________________________________________________________
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 Growth ________________________________________________________________________
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 Check for Understanding:
1. How much of the energy that appears in one trophic level will appear in the next?
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2. What is an ecological pyramid?
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3. Where is energy lost between trophic levels? Where does this energy ultimately go?
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 Class Activity
-Ecological Pyramid
 Lab Activity
 Student Exploration: Food Chain
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a.)PRIOR KNOWLEDGE to prepare you for the computer lab.
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b.)HYPOTHESIS about predators and prey
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c.) PREDICT the changes you will see in the experiment.
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d.) TEST your hypothesis
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e.) CONCLUSION answer the 2 questions
 4.4 Chemical Cycles
 Most important elements: ________________________________________________________
 Elements ______________________________________________________________________
 Three important cycles:
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1. ______________________________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________________________
 Water Cycle
 Movement _____________________________________________________________________
 Parts of the water cycle:
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 Evaporation: ___________________________________________________________________
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 Transpiration: __________________________________________________________________
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 Condensation: __________________________________________________________________
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 Precipitation: ___________________________________________________________________
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 Runoff: ________________________________________________________________________
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 Carbon Cycle
 Movement _____________________________________________________________________
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 Photosynthesis__________________________________________________________________
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 Ocean _________________________________________________________________________
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Nitrogen Cycle
 Organisms _____________________________________________________________________
 Movement ____________________________________________________________________
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 Steps:
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 Check for Understanding:
1. What are the four most common elements in the human body?
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2. How do transpiration and evaporation differ?
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3. Humans are releasing large amounts of carbon dioxide into the air by burning fossil fuels like
coal and oil. What effect might this carbon have on the carbon cycle?
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