Online Video 1: (Figure 1). TEE mid esophageal short axis view of a 25 mm Medtronic Mosaic
valve in the aortic position.
Thrombi suspected on echocardiography were seen on non-flow surface of the valve.
Online Video 2: (Figure 2). TEE long axis view of a 21 mm Carpentier-Edwards bovine
pericardial valve in the aortic position.
The mass on echocardiography was confirmed as a large thrombus.
Online Video 3: (Figure 3). TEE mid esophageal short axis view of a 21 mm 3F Stentless valve
in the aortic position. A small thrombus was confirmed, and extensive subvalvular pannus was
resected.
Online Video 4, Online Video 5: (Figure 4A). TEE mid esophageal mitral commissural views
with color flow imaging demonstrating restriction of the posterior leaflet of a 29 mm CarpentierEdwards bovine pericardial valve and significant mitral regurgitation.
At surgery, infolding of the leaflet secondary to pannus was noted.
Online Video 6: (Figure 4B). TEE X Plane with color flow imaging showing short axis and
long axis views of a 27 mm Carpentier-Edwards bovine pericardial valve in the pulmonic
position.
Surgery confirmed severe incompetence secondary to pannus restricting all valve leaflets.
Online Video 7: (Figure 5A). TEE mid esophageal 4 chamber view with zoom on a 27 mm
Medtronic Mosaic valve in the mitral position with color flow imaging.
There is significant mitral regurgitation, and surgery demonstrated a calcified valve with a leaflet
tear.
Online Video 8: (Figure 5C). TEE long axis view with color flow imaging of a 19 mm
Mitroflow valve in the aortic position.
Surgery confirmed abnormalities on echocardiogram as extensive calcification.
Online Video 9: (Figure 6A). TEE mid esophageal long axis view of a 25 mm Biocor valve in
the aortic position with color flow imaging.
An eccentric jet of valvular aortic regurgitation is directed from anterior to posterior. The
explanted bioprosthetic valve demonstrated a round perforation with no evidence of calcification.
Online Video 10: (Figure 6C). TTE short axis with zoom and color flow imaging on a 21 mm
Carpentier-Edwards bovine pericardial valve in the aortic position.
The explanted valve had a large perforation in one leaflet and a smaller tear in another leaflet.
Bacterial PCR of the explanted valve was positive for Tropheryma whipplei.