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Modelling soil organic carbon changes under different maize cropping scenarios
for cellulosic ethanol in Europe
E. Lugato (1) , A. Jones (1)
1
European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability,
Via E. Fermi, 2749
I-21027, Ispra (VA), Italy
Supplementary material
The CENTURY model crop parameterization is derived from previous model applications in longterm experimental fields located in northern Italy (Veneto Region, NE Italy 45°21′N; 11°58′E; 6 m
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a.s.l.), as reported in Lugato et al., [1,2]. This site is a good benchmark, since it is representative of
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one of the most productive agricultural regions in Europe where maize is intensively cultivated.
Furthermore, the combination of treatments involving different rotations, type of fertilizations
and different soils, allowed the calibration and validation of crop parameters in a variety of
conditions.
The results relating to soil organic carbon (SOC) balance reported in [1,2] show good model
performance with minimum calibration on few crop parameters [1]. For example, the modelling
trends of crop yields compared to measured data of some agricultural systems (not reported in [1]
and [2]) are shown in the following figures S1 and S2.
Reference
1. Lugato E, Paustian K, Giardini L (2007) Modelling soil organic carbon dynamics in two longterm experiments of north-eastern Italy. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 120: 423432.
2. Lugato E, Berti A, Giardini L (2006) Soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics with and without
residue incorporation in relation to different nitrogen fertilisation rates. Geoderma 135: 315321.
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S
FYM
FYM
R
400
200
O
C grain/g m-2
C grain/g m-2
R
600
600
400
200
O
0
0
400
400
200
200
M
M
0
0
400
400
200
200
MM
0
1960
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1970
1980
1990
2000
MM
0
1960
2010
1970
time/year
1980
1990
2000
2010
time/year
Figure S1 – Simulated and observed maize (black line) and wheat (blue line) in the 2-year rotation.
FYM, manure application; S, liquid manure application; R, residues incorporation; 0, M, MM are
increasing levels of mineral nitrogen fertilization.
600
Alfalfa
Maize
500
Ryegrass
obs. yield (g C m-2)
SOY
Sugarbeet
400
Wheat
300
200
100
RMSE = 45.3 g C m-2
0
0
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100
200
300
400
500
600
sim. yield (g C m-2)
Figure S2 – Average simulated and observed yields of different crops in two-year and six-year
rotations. The data include different treatment levels of mineral and organic fertilizations.