Biology I
Classification Unit –Chapter 17, 18, 19, 23-27
Vocabulary (worth 2 grades)
Use the biology book to define the following terms:
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Taxonomy pg. 518
Taxon pg. 518
Binomial nomenclature pg. 519
Genus pg. 519
Species pg. 298
Cladogram pg. 525
Cladistics pg. 525
Bacteria pg. 534
Archaea pg. 534
Eukarya pg. 534
Scientific Name – consist of genus and
species
Latin- language scientific names are
written in
Carolus Linnaeus- developed the
classification system we use today
Aristotle- developed the first system of
classification
Dichotomous Key – a way of identifying
organisms, there are two or more
choices, when finished the name is
given
Characteristics of Kingdom Protistasome multicellular, some unicellular, cell
walls made of cellulose in some, some
have chloroplast, ALL are eukaryotic,
Some are heterotrophs, some are
autotrophs Examples: paramecium,
amoeba, slime mold
Characteristics of Kingdom Fungi- most
multicellular, some unicellular, cell walls
made of Chitin, ALL are eukaryotic, ALL
are heterotrophs, Examples:
mushrooms, mildew, yeast
Characteristics of Kingdom Plantae- ALL
multicellular, cell walls made of
cellulose, have chloroplast, ALL are
eukaryotic, ALL are autotrophs
Examples: trees, flowers, fruits,
vegetables
19. Characteristics of Kingdom
Archaebacteria- ALL unicellular, cell
walls with NO peptidoglycan, ALL are
prokaryotic, Some are heterotrophs,
some are autotrophs , are the oldest
living organisms on Earth Examples:
methanogens, halophiles
20. Characteristics of Kingdom AnimaliaALL multicellular, ALL are eukaryotic,
Have no cell wall, ALL are heterotrophs
Examples: humans, mammals, birds,
fish, reptiles, amphibians
21. Characteristics of Kingdom EubacteriaALL unicellular, cell walls made of
peptidoglycan, ALL are prokaryotic,
Some are heterotrophs, some are
autotrophs , most common bacteria
today Examples: E. Coli , Streptococcus
22. Two categories for animals- vertebrates
and invertebrates
23. Vertebrates- have backbones
24. Invertebrates- no backbones
25. Asymmetrical- body has no certain
shape
26. Radial Symmetry- body arranged around
a central point
27. Bilateral Symmetry- body has two equal
halves if split lengthwise
28. Chordata- only phylum with vertebrates
29. Organisms in Phylum Porifera-Sponges
30. Organisms in Phylum Nematoda
(Roundworms)- Pinworms, Hookworms,
Heartworms
31. Organisms in Phylum Arthropoda (Joint
Footed)- Spiders, Insects, Crabs,
Centipedes, Millipedes
32. Organisms in Phylum Cnidaria- jellyfish,
coral, hydra
33. Organisms in Phylum Mollusca- Squid,
Octopus, Clams, Snails, Slugs
34. Organisms in Phylum Echinodermata
(spiny skin)- starfish, sea urchins, sand
dollar
35. Organisms in Phylum Platyhelminthes
(Flatworms)- tapeworms, planarian,
flukes
36. Organisms in Phylum Annelida
(segmented worms)- earthworms,
leeches
37. Organisms in Phylum Chordata (have
notochord)- Fish, reptiles, amphibians,
birds, mammals
38. Class Agnatha (Jawless Fish)- have
skeleton made of cartilage, have NO
jaws, are cold-blooded, Ex. Lampreys,
Hagfish
39. Class Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous
Fish)- have skeleton made of cartilage,
are cold-blooded, Ex. Sharks, Skates,
Rays
40. Class Osteichthyes (Bony Fish)- have
skeleton made of bones, are coldblooded, Ex. Perch, Flounder, Bass,
Goldfish
41. Class Reptilia (Reptiles)- have dry scaly
skin, lay eggs, with protective shells, are
cold-blooded, Ex. Snakes, Lizards,
Alligators
42. Class Amphibia (Amphibians)- have
moist wet skin, live part of life on land
and part in water, are cold-blooded, Ex.
Frogs, Salamanders, Toads
43. Class Aves( Birds)- Have feathers and
beaks , lay eggs with protective shells,
are warm-blooded
44. Class Mammalia (Mammals)- Have hair
or fur, have lungs, produce milk for their
young, are warm-blooded