Ocean Study Guide
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What is salinity? The amount of dissolved solids in the ocean water
How can you decrease salinity? Precipitation, runoff, melting sea ice ( add water)
When you remove large amounts of freshwater (like through evaporation), it _____increases____ salinity.
What is the formula for density? Mass/Volume
Density depends on what two factors? Salinity and Temperature
When temperature ___increases___ (increases or decreases), density decreases.
When salinity ____increases_____ (increases or decreases), density increases.
A movement of ocean water from one place to another is a ____current__.
What are the 2 types of currents? Density and Surface
What causes the movement of surface currents? Wind, Coriolis Effect, Gravity, Temperature
Density currents are caused by the _____salinity__ and _____temperature____ differences deep in the ocean.
The ___warm__ water flows out towards ____cold____ water to cause the current motion.
Density currents are also called _____thermohaline___ circulation.
Why are density currents important specifically? Food Chain
A current that makes a complete circle is a ___gyre____.
What is an example of a gyre? Great Pacific Garbage Patch
Why can gyres be a negative thing? Trap garbage in a circular patch
Give 2 purposes of currents. Regulate Temperature; Transfer heat
What are waves? Movement between the atmosphere and the ocean of water
Wave __height____ and __length_____ depend on wind speed, how long wind has blown, and fetch.
What is fetch? Distance the wind has traveled across open water
Do waves travel more rapidly in deep or shallow water? Why? Deeper because it does not have friction of the
ocean floor
What are tides? When the moon’s gravity pulls the ocean water
How often does the ocean level rise and fall? 12 hours
What are the two main types of tides? Spring and Neap
What are the 4 major layers of the ocean in order? Epipelagic, Mesopelagic, Bathypelagic, Abyssopelagic
What is the layer past the abyssal layer? Hadopelagic
Briefly describe each layer of the ocean and what kind of creatures you would find there. (find in notes)
What are coral reefs and why are they important? WE DID NOT COVER THIS
What is coral bleaching? How is it caused? WE DID NOT COVER THIS
Ocean Study Guide
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5.
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7.
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14.
15.
16.
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22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
What is salinity?
How can you decrease salinity?
When you remove large amounts of freshwater (like through evaporation), it ________________ salinity.
What is the formula for density?
Density depends on what two factors?
When temperature __________ (increases or decreases), density decreases.
When salinity _______________ (increases or decreases), density increases.
A movement of ocean water from one place to another is a _______________.
What are the 2 types of currents?
What causes the movement of surface currents?
Density currents are caused by the _______________ and _________________ differences deep in the ocean.
The _________ water flows out towards ____________ water to cause the current motion.
Density currents are also called ________________ circulation.
Why are density currents important specifically?
A current that makes a complete circle is a ________________.
What is an example of a gyre?
Why can gyres be a negative thing?
Give 2 purposes of currents.
What are waves?
Wave ____________ and _______________ depend on wind speed, how long wind has blown, and fetch.
What is fetch?
Do waves travel more rapidly in deep or shallow water? Why?
What are tides?
How often does the ocean level rise and fall?
What are the two main types of tides?
What are the 4 major layers of the ocean in order?
What is the layer past the abyssal layer?
Briefly describe each layer of the ocean and what kind of creatures you would find there.
What are coral reefs and why are they important?
What is coral bleaching? How is it caused?