Life Science Final Exam 2014 Study Guide
Questions 1-75 Multiple Choice
Questions 76-97 Short Answer
Questions 98-99-100 Essay
1.
What evidence indicates that birds are descended from…REPTILES
2.
A bird’s nearly hollow bones help it to…LIGHTWEIGHT IN THE AIR
3.
The toes of perching birds are adapted to help the birds…LOCK ONTO A BRANCH
4.
Birds play an important role in the environment by…CARRY SEEDS TO NEW LOCATIONS
5.
As a bird’s wing moved forward through the air, the air pressure on the wing…IS LESS
ABOVE THE WING THAN BENEATH IT.
6.
During soaring flight, a bird…RISES ON A CURRENT OF WARM AIR/THERMALS
7.
Which characteristic is NOT common to all mammals? DO ON TEST.
8.
Fur is an adaptation that allows mammals to…SURVIVE IN COLD CLIMATES
9.
What characteristic is used to classify a mammal as a monotreme, marsupial, or
placental mammal? THE WAY IN WHICH ITS YOUNG DEVELOPS
10.
A mammal’s gestation period is the length of time…BETWEEN FERTILIZATION AND
BIRTH
11.
Birds are the only animals that have…FEATHERS
12.
What is the name of the upward force that enables a bird to fly? LIFT
13.
Which type of flight requires a bird to exert the most energy? FLAPPING
14.
What is the function of down feathers? TO KEEP THE BIRD WARM
15.
Some birds swallow small stones, which help them to…GRIND FOOD
16.
Unlike most mammals, bats are able to…FLY
17.
Where do many birds store food that they are not ready to digest? IN THE CROP
18.
A strand of hair or fur is composed of…DEAD CELLS
19.
The large muscle that enables mammals to breath in and out is called the…DIAPHRAGM
20.
Most mammals have teeth with how many different shapes? FOUR
21.
What is the function of canine teeth in most mammals? STAB AND TEAR FOOD
22.
Which of these structure help birds get enough oxygen to fly? AIR SACS
23.
Which type of mammal lays eggs? MONOTREME
24.
Which of these animals is a monotreme? DO ON TEST
25.
What adaptation helps an ostrich survive in its environment? STRONG LEGS
26.
Where does a placental mammal develop before its body systems can function
independently? INSIDE THE MOTHER’S BODY
27.
The function of the placenta is to…PASS MATERIALS FROM THE MOTHER TO THE
EMBRYO/FETUS
28.
Differences in pressure above and below a bird’s wings cause a force called…LIFT
29.
The upward force on a bird’s wing causes the bird to…RISE
30.
Diving is a type of flight that…DOES NOT REQUIRE LIFT/ENERGY
31.
At some point in their lives, all chordates have a flexible supporting rod in their backs
called a…NOTOCHORD
32.
The latest group of vertebrates to arise was probably the…BIRDS
33.
If an animal is an ectotherm, it has…A BODY THAT DOES NOT PRODUCE MUCH
INTERNAL HEAT
34.
What does the backbone surround and protect in a vertebrate? THE SPINAL CORD
35.
Fishes take in oxygen through their…GILLS
36.
Most fishes reproduce by means of…EXTERNAL FERTILIZATION
37.
Which of the following fishes has a skeleton made of hard bone? DO ON TEST
38.
The scales of many cartilaginous fishes are…POINTED GIVING THE SKIN A ROUGH
TEXTURE
39.
Most adult amphibians can obtain oxygen through…LUNGS AND THIN, MOIST SKIN
40.
How many chambers are there in a typical adult amphibian’s heart? THREE
41.
An adaptation that helps amphibians move from place to place on land is…A STRONG
SKELETON
42.
Amphibians are especially sensitive to changes in the environment because…THEIR
SKIN IS DELICATE
43.
An adult reptile can survive on dry land because its kidneys…PRODUCE
CONCENTRATED URINE
44.
Which of these organs help a reptile keep water in its body? SKIN AND KIDNEYS
45.
How is a reptile egg different from an amphibian egg? IT HAS A SHELL AND INTERNAL
MEMBRANES
46.
What is one way in which a reptile’s egg is adapted to survive on land? THE EGG HAS
MEMBRANES THAT KEEP THE EMBRYO MOIST
47.
One major difference between lizards and snakes is that lizards…HAVE LEGS
48.
Which of the following statements is true of the feeding behavior of all snakes? THEY
ARE CARNIVORES
49.
Fossils are most often found in…SEDIMENTARY ROCK
50.
Which of these is LEAST likely to be learned by studying animal fossils? DO ON TEST
51.
To which phylum do vertebrates belong? CHORDATA
52.
When the temperature of the environment changes, the body temperature of a
reptile…CHANGES
53.
An animal whose body temperature does not change much, even when the temperature
of the environment changes is called…ENDOTHERM
54.
What type of fish is a lamprey? JAWLESS FISH
55.
All turtles obtain food by…USING SHARP EDGED BEAKS TO TEAR FOOD
56.
If a fish’s swim bladder was destroyed, the fish would be unable to…STABILIZE ITS
BODY AT DIFFERENT DEPTHS
57.
The larva of a frog or toad is called a(n)…TADPOLE
58.
A large part of a turtle’s body is covered by a protective…SHELL
59.
Dinosaurs were a major group of…REPTILES
60.
Dinosaurs are the earliest vertebrates known to have legs…POSITIONED DIRECTLY
BENEATH THEIR BODIES.
61.
Which of the following is a characteristic shared by all animals? THEIR BODIES HAVE
MANY CELLS
62.
An animal that has a backbone is called a(n)…VERTEBRATE
63.
Which of these animals has radial symmetry…SEA ANEMONE
64.
An animal has bilateral symmetry if…ONE LINE CAN BE DRAWN TO DIVIDE THE
ANIMAL INTO HALVES THAT ARE MIRROR IMAGES
65.
What does a cnidarian use to capture prey…STINGING CELLS
66.
What makes up a coral reef? THE SKELETONS OF DEAD CORALS
67.
Which of the following best describes the kinds of animals found in a coral reef?
INVERTEBRATES AND VERTEBRATES
68.
Which of these is NOT a major kind of worm? DO ON TEST
69.
Which of the following describes a roundworm’s digestive system? THE DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM IS LIKE A TUBE THAT IS OPEN AT BOTH ENDS
70.
The process by which a new organism forms from the joining of an egg cell and sperm
cell is called? SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
71.
Which of these is a phylum of worms? ANNELIDA
72.
Organisms that grow on or in other organisms are called…PARASITES
73.
Sponges belong to the phylum…PORIFERA
74.
Which of the following is true of all mollusks...THEY HAVE SOFT BODIES
75.
An arthropod’s tough outer covering is called…AN EXOSKELETON
-----------------------#s 76-100 require your own research------------------------------------------
76.
Which organisms shown are producers?
77.
Which organisms shown are consumers?
78.
What would happen to the other organisms if all the plants in this ecosystem died?
79.
Use the organisms pictured in this ecosystem to construct a food chain.
80.
Describe two things that prairie dogs need to live that they obtain from their habitat.
81.
What is the smallest unit of organization in an ecosystem? Give one example from the
diagram.
82.
Describe one of the prairie dog’s adaptations and how it helps the prairie dog to survive.
83.
What level of ecological organization do all of the owls in a certain area represent?
84.
Is the prairie soil a biotic factor or an abiotic factor? Explain.
85.
Describe 3 factors that could limit the growth of the prairie dog population.
86.
How was the pheasant population changing at Point A?
87.
Which letter marks the peak of the pheasant population?
88.
What happened to the pheasant population between Point B and Point C?
89.
What are some of explanations for the change in pheasant population between Point B
and C?
90.
In 1990, a large resort hotel was built on the island where these pheasants live. Explain
how this might have affected the pheasant population.
91.
What was the population density of pheasants in 1968, 1976, and 1990?
92.
How did the eggshell thicknesses of bird species A and B change between 1945 and
1950?
93.
How is eggshell thickness related to the survival of bird species A and B?
94.
How might bird species A and B come into contact with DDT, a pesticide used by
farmers?
95.
Which species of bird has a thicker eggshell?
96.
What happened to the eggshell thickness of both species after 1973? Suggest a reason
for this change.
97.
Had the eggshells of either species returned to their original thickness by 1980? Suggest
a reason to explain your answer.
98.
Explain why the population of a predator and its prey often follow regular cycles.
99.
Describe how oxygen and carbon dioxide cycle in the environment.
100.
Compare and contrast the temperatures of the following biomes: tropical rain forest,
deciduous forest, boreal forest.