Genetics and Meiosis Review
Define OR identify the correct word for the definition AND give examples for the ones marked “*”:
1. _______________ - the study of heredity.
2. Homozygous
Homo rec:
Homo dom:
3. Heterozygous
4. ________________ - an allele that is able to cover the recessive. It is represented by a capital
letter.
5. Recessive
6. Genotype
7. Phenotype
8. ______________ - forms that a gene can take. Usually there are two (2), but you can have
more than
9. ____________________ - a picture that represents all member of a family and the presence or
absence of particular traits. Female are represented by circles and males are represented by
squares.
10. Polygenic*
11. _____________________________* - this type of inheritance shows a blending effect. In other
words, the dominant allele does not completely cover the recessive allele.
12. Co-Dominance*
13. _______________* - type of inheritance with the allele is found on the sex chromosomes;
usually the X chromosome.
14. Zygote
15. Universal Donor
16. Universal Recipient
17. Epistasis*
18. Karyotype
Short Answer.
1. If two heterozygous parents mate, what percentage of their children will be homozygous
dominant?
2. Which of these individuals is taller?
a. AABbccDdEe
b. AaBbCcDdEe
c. AAbbCCDDee
d. AaBbccDdEe
This is considered a _____________ __________.
3. What is the genotype for a male?
4. How would you write the genotype for a female with hemophilia? (remember hemophilia is sex
linked and recessive)
5. How does the male determine what sex his children will be?
6. Is the “O” allele for blood dominant or recessive to A and B?
Blood types are determined by ____________ ______________
7. If a patient has type A blood, what possible genotypes could he have
8. What is the probability that a family will have a boy?
9. Know how to do monohybrid crosses, dihybrid crosses, given F1 be able to find parents,
Pedigrees, and how to read a Karyotype.
10. Understand multiple alleles, incomplete dominance, and codominance problems.
Chromosomes & Mutations:
1.) Having a complete set of chromosomes, 2n (one from the mother and one from the father) is known as
_____________.
2.) Draw an example of the following mutations using the original chromosome:
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
Deletion:
Duplication:
Inversion:
Translocation:
3.) Describe a point mutation and a frameshift mutation and explain which one is worse for an organism and
why.
4.) Complete the chart below
Body Chromosome
Number
46
Chromosome Number
in Eggs
23
38
Chromosome Number
in Sperm
38
5.) What is the end result of Meiosis? ______ Are these haploid or diploid?
Where is the DNA replicated?
Where are the gametes produced?
3.) Assuming that you start with 1000kb at the start of G1, how many kb will be in each daughter cell
after the end S? After the end of cytokinesis 1? After the end of cytokinesis 2?
Genetic Crosses:
Define Monohybrid –
Solve the following monohybrid crosses, show your work –
1. Homozygous recessive parent x homozygous dominant parent
2. Homozygous recessive parent x heterozygous parent
3. 2 heterozygous parents
4. If out of 100 offspring of corn, 74 have round kernels and 26 have wrinkled, what are the
probably genotypes and phenotypes of the parents? Assume that round kernels are dominant.
Define Dihybrid –
Solve the following dihybrid crosses, show your work –
1. SsYy x SSYy
2. In summer squash, white fruit color (W) is dominant over yellow fruit color (w) and disk-shaped
fruit (D) is dominant over sphere-shaped fruit (d). If a squash plant homozygous for white, diskshaped fruit is crossed with a homozygous for yellow, sphere-shaped fruit, what will the
genotypes and phenotypes be for the F1 generation?
3.
Mice color is controlled by epistasis. It involves 2 coat-color loci. At loci A, black is dominant
over albino. At locus B, agouti (bands of light and black, looks tabby or grizzled) is dominant
over black. A mouse that is homozygous for the albino gene will show no pigment regardless of
the genotype at the other locus. What is the resulting genotypes and phenotypes from the
parents AaBb x aaBb.