Tennessee Tech University LESSON PLAN 1 Name: Katie Mattie Date: January 22, 2013 Lesson Title: Author’s Purpose Estimated Duration: 45-60 minutes Where in the Unit does this lesson occur? Grade/Level: 3rd Number of Students: 21 Structure(s) of grouping for the lesson: (Check One) __Beginning __Middle ___End (Check any that apply) Whole Class _____ Small Group _____ One-to-one _____ Other (specify) ______ Curriculum Standards Central Focus Question/Big Idea/Goal Rationale/Theoretical Reasoning Standard 0301.8.5 Literature: Identify author’s purpose. Goal: The students’ will recognize and comprehend the different types of author’s purpose. Big Idea: The students’ will distinguish between the types of author’s purpose for selected reading passage. Central Focus Questions: 1. What is author’s purpose? 2. What are the different types of author’s purpose? 3. What key elements can help you determine what the author’s purpose is? Rationale: The assessments both formal and informal), technology integration tools, differentiated strategies, motivator, and instructional procedures support the pedagogy of this lesson. The learning tasks, which explain, in detail, the procedures the teacher will take to certify that the objectives for the lesson have been met, support the methodology of this lesson. Based upon my observations, the students’ seem to respond well to technology interaction before assigning them work. The teacher will provide assistance, where needed, while the students’ complete the worksheets. The teacher will provide more instruction and examples to build their comprehension. All these strategies will give these students’ the extra assistance they need to work independently with no assistance and increase their comprehension of the concept. Theoretical Reasoning: Based upon Tomlinson’s theory of differentiated instruction, my instructional approaches will be adapted to meet the needs of the individual and diverse students’ in the classroom by providing one-toone assistance for any students who need help with the worksheets. Through engaged learning, the students’ will be involved in activities that promote active cognitive processes such as creating and evaluating (Greg Kearsley & Ben Schneiderman). The students’ are engaged in small groups and whole class where they will interact with their peers to evaluate the author’s purpose for selected passages and to create their own author’s purpose passage. By integrating technology, the students’ will assess, evaluate, and analyze information in order to represent their knowledge and communicate with their peers and teacher (Scheffler and Logan (1999)). The teacher will integrate technology through the use of an online Identifying the Author’s Purpose lesson and practice. By Lesson Objective(s) 1. 2. 3. The students’ will be able to define author’s purpose. The students’ will be able to distinguish between the types of author’s purpose. The students’ will be able to point out key elements from a text to determine author’s purpose. Vocabulary/ Academic Language (Language Function) The language function is identifying author’s purpose. The language is supported through the use of printed and auditory materials, visuals, examples, and online resources. The language is used within the use of discussion, worksheets, instruction, practice, visuals, and group work. The language is also supported through the use of an “I Can” statement which will be posted on the whiteboard and will be discussed at the beginning of the lesson. Assessment/Evaluation Formative (Informal): The teacher will monitor students’ progress by circulating the classroom to provide feedback and answer questions. The teacher will use the Identify the Author’s Purpose online lesson and practice to pre-assess and activate the students’ prior knowledge. The students’ will complete an After-Work Reflection Form to reflect back on their participation, strengths and weaknesses, the assignment, and think about how to better succeed for future references. Summative (Formal): The students’ will complete two sets of worksheets: Writing With More Than One Purpose worksheet and Worksheet 1 and 2, front to back. Writing With More Than One Purpose worksheet will be used for the students’ to practice identifying key elements in a paragraph to determine the author’s purpose. Worksheet 1 and 2 will be used for extra practice in using the students’ identifying key elements skills to identify author’s purpose for six questions. Instruction Set/Motivator: The students’ will be pre-assessed using the Identifying the Author’s Purpose online lesson and practice. The students’ will review author’s purpose and read teacher-selected passages to determine the author’s purpose. Instructional Procedures/Learning Tasks: The teacher will conduct a whole class activity called “Purpose Sort” using teacher-selected passages. Three different author’s purpose will be placed on the board. The students’ and the teacher will read the passages and place them within their purpose category. The students’ will be placed within their small groups (3 groups of 4; 2 groups of 5). By implementing the Alternate Writing Technique, the students’ will create their own passage reflecting their choice of author’s purpose. The students’ and teacher will read the student-created passages and place them within their correct purpose category. After the activity is complete, the students’ will complete the two sets of worksheets for extra practice. Questions and/or activities for higher order thinking: 1. What key elements can help you determine what the author’s purpose is? Closure: Once the students’ have completed both sets of worksheets, they will place them within their folders and read silently while others finish. Material/Resources: Identifying Author’s Purpose online lesson and practice Author’s Purpose Visuals (Labels for Sort activity) Selected Passages for Purpose Sort Activity Writing With More Than One Purpose Worksheet Worksheet 1 and 2 (front to back) After-Work Reflection Form Revised Spring 2011 Adaptations to Meet Individual Needs: The teacher will provide feedback and answer questions by monitoring students’ progress. The teacher will provide one-to-one assistance to students’ who are struggling with the worksheets. Management/Safety Issues: There are no safety issues. There are two students’ who do not pay attention well, listen to directions, or do their work. If these students’ decide to not do what is expected of them, the teacher will conference with them individually about their behavior. Any misbehavior will be reported by the students signing their name in the consequence book and stating the reason why they have to sign the book. If the students’ get one check, ten minutes will be taken from their recess. If the students’ get two checks, twenty minutes will be taken from their recess. If the students’ get three checks, parents are contacted and no participation in Fantastic Friday. Reflections/Future Modifications: The class learned how to identify author’s purpose and what the different types of author’s purpose was. The class learned how to use key elements to determine the author’s purpose and how to implement an author’s purpose within their group writing activity. My next steps for instruction will be to revisit author’s purpose and the types of author’s purpose. I will also demonstrate to the students’ how to write a story using author’s purpose. I learned that my students’ are hard workers and good listeners. Some of my students’ informed me that my activities were enjoyable and that they wish they could do more. A few students’ wished that I would have provided them with harder material to work with. Other student’s were disappointed in the worksheets because they felt they were too difficult. I learned that I have a wide range of abilities within my classroom, but when I present material that is challenging my students’ will step up to the plate in order to succeed. preparing beforehand, actively participating, and reflecting after, the students’ will have the opportunity to reflect on their self as a learner and an individual (Rowntree (1988)). The students’ will use the After-Work Reflection Form to reflect back on their self as a learner and adjust their behavior/learning skills for future references. By implementing the Alternate Writing Technique, the students will write for a specified amount of time, during the Purpose Sort Activity, with each person alternately continuing the development of a cohesive story line. Each person’s contribution to the story line must build upon their prior information in the composition in order to lead to the next event. Categorizing is the process in which ideas and objects are differentiated and grouped into categories. Categorizing reflects a relationship between the subjects and objects of knowledge. By categorizing the reading passages into different genres of author’s purpose during the Purpose Sort activity, the students’ will have a deeper understanding of how to recognize or what to use to create a story reflecting their author’s purpose. Sources: 1. Karen DeRitter. (2001-2008). Identifying Author’s Purpose Lesson. http://www.studyzone.org/testprep/ela4/h/authorpur.cfm. 2. Lisa Webber, C. Johnson. (2008). Sock Puppets, A Firefighter’s Thanksgiving, Egg Fizz, The Need to Eat, Tigers: Claws and Jaws. http://www.freereading.net/index.php?title=Passages_to_practice_advanced_phonics_skills%2C_fluency%2C_and_comprehension. 3. Marianne Tillman. (2003). Differentiated Instruction. http://www.3villagecsd.k12.ny.us/Instructional_Technology/TchLrn/Differentinstructoverview.htm. 4. Mustafa Koc. (2005, May). Implications of Learning Theories for Effective Technology Integration and Pre-service Teacher Training: A Critical Literature Review. http://www.tused.org/internet/tused/archive/v2/i1/fulltext/tusedv2i1s1.pdf. 5. Greg Kearsley, Ben Schneiderman. (1999, April 4). Engagement Theory: A framework for technology-based teaching and learning. http://home.sprynet.com/~gkearsley/engage.htm. 6. Rowntree. (1988). Unit Three: Reflection On and In The Work Place. http://www.science.ulster.ac.uk/nursing/mentorship/docs/toolkits/Reflection.pdf. 7. (1999-2012). Writing With More Than One Purpose. http://www.teach-nology.com/worksheets/language_arts/authors/ap5.html. 8. Worksheet 1 and 2. http://viking.coe.uh.edu/~scstowe/quest_2/cuin3202_3112/learning_support.pdf. 9. Barbara J. Walker. (2005). Alternate Writing Approach. Techniques for Reading Instruction and Assessment. Tennessee Tech University LESSON PLAN 2 Revised Spring 2011 Name: Katie Mattie Date: January 23, 2012 Lesson Title: Author’s Purpose Estimated Duration: 60 minutes Where in the Unit does this lesson occur? Grade/Level: Number of Students: 21 Structure(s) of grouping for the lesson: (Check One) __Beginning __Middle ___End (Check any that apply) Whole Class _____ Small Group _____ One-to-one _____ Other (specify) ______(Individual) Curriculum Standards Central Focus Question/Big Idea/Goal Rationale/Theoretical Reasoning Standard 0301.8.5 Literature: Identify author’s purpose. Goal: The students’ will recognize and comprehend the different types of author’s purpose. Big Idea: The students will create a rough and final draft reflecting their own author’s purpose for their story. Central Focus Questions: 1. What is author’s purpose? 2. What are the different types of author’s purpose? 3. What key elements can help you determine what the author’s purpose is? 4. What are the three main writing steps? Rationale: The assessments (both formal and informal), technology integration tools, differentiated strategies, motivator, and instructional procedures support the pedagogy of this lesson. The learning tasks, which explains in detail the procedures the teacher will take to certify that the objectives for this lesson have been met, supports the methodology of this lesson. Based upon my observations, the students seem to respond well to technology interaction before assigning them work. The teacher will provide assistance where needed while the students’ brainstorm ideas with their partner and while they work individually on their written assignment. The teacher will display teacher-made examples to aid in the brainstorming process. All these strategies will give these students’ the extra assistance they need to work independently with no assistance and increase their comprehension of the concept. Theoretical Reasoning: Based upon Tomlinson’s theory of differentiated instruction, my instructional approaches will be adapted to meet the needs of the individual students’ by allowing use in word processor to complete the rough and final draft of the written assignments and by providing feedback and answering questions during partner and individual work. Through engaged learning, the students’ will brainstorm, with their partner, ideas they have for their author’s purpose story. Through this one-to-one interaction, the students’ will use their cognitive processes such as creating and evaluating (Greg Kearsley & Ben Schneiderman). By integrating technology, the students’ will assess, evaluate, and analyze information in order to present knowledge and communicate with peers and teacher (Schefflar and Logan (1999)). The teacher will integrate technology through the use of an online Author’s Purpose online practice quiz and interactive game. The technique of concept mapping was developed by John Novak in 1972 as a means of representing the emerging science knowledge of Lesson Objective(s) 1. 2. 3. 4. The students’ will be able to define the author’s purpose. The students’ will be able to distinguish between the types of author’s purpose. The students’ will be able to point out key elements from a text to determine the author’s purpose? The students’ will be able to explain and apply the three writing stages within the given assignment. Vocabulary/ Academic Language (Language Function) The language function is identifying author’s purpose. The language is supported through the use of printed and auditory materials, visuals, examples, and online resources. The language is used within the use of discussion, practice, visuals, partner brainstorming and the students’ author’s purpose stories. The language is also supported through the use of “I Can” statements which will be posted on the whiteboard and will be discussed and reviewed at the beginning of the lesson. Assessment/Evaluation Formative (Informal): The teacher will monitor students’ progress by circulating the classroom to provide feedback and answer questions. The teacher will begin to assess the students’ prior knowledge with the preassessments (Author’s Purpose online quiz and interactive game). The students’ will complete an After-Work Reflection Form to reflect back on their participation, strengths and weaknesses, the assignment, and think about how to better succeed for future references. Summative (Formal): Mastery will be defined as achieving 85% or above on the essay. The score for the essay will be given based upon punctuation usage, paragraph indention, complete sentences and paragraphs, and demonstration of author’s purpose. Instruction Set/Motivator: The students’ will be pre-assessed with an online practice quiz and interactive game. The online practice quiz called Author’s Purpose will be used to quiz the students’ on their prior knowledge of author’s purpose. There are three questions that contain a paragraph. At the end of the quiz, the questions answered correctly and the passing score will be displayed. The Author’s Purpose Interactive Game is where the students’ match the given inserts with the correct author’s purpose. At the end of the game, a positive remark will be displayed for the students’ to see how well they succeeded. Instructional Procedures/Learning Tasks: The students’ will be assigned a partner (boy to boy; girl to girl). The students’ will brainstorm, with their partner, ideas for their story on which choice of author’s purpose they would like to implement. The students’ will create their own concept web map where their topic for their story represents the main idea. Their map should reflect an author’s purpose. The students’ will use their time with their partner to brainstorm ideas to one another and offer suggestions for their story. This will help the students’ prepare for the assignment and allow them to see if they are heading in the right direction for the assignment. Independently, the students’ will begin the written assignment. They will use their map to organize their thoughts and add detail to create their own author’s purpose story. The students’ are not allowed to state what their author’s purpose is for their story. Once the students’ are finished, and if their partner is finished, they will meet with their partner to peer edit. The students’ will check each other’s work for to see if they did prewriting and writing for their assignment as part of their rough draft. The students’ will also check each other’s work for details, correct sentence and paragraph usage, punctuation usage, and to see if they can determine their partners author’s purpose. Once the students’ are finished peer editing, the teacher will edit their paper and look for the same items in their story as their partner did. The students’ will complete their final drafts of the story for homework. Refer to the summative assessment for determining mastery of this assignment. Questions and/or activities for higher order thinking: 1. What key elements can help you determine what the author’s purpose is? 2. When you are brainstorming, what process of writing are you using? Revised Spring 2011 3. When you are working on your story, what process of writing are you using? 4. When you are peer and/or teacher editing, what process of writing are you using? Closure: Once all editing is complete, the teacher will explain to the students’ the following that must be completed for their assignment: the concept web map; rough draft with peer and teacher comments; and final draft. Material/Resources: Teacher model of concept web map Online Author’s Purpose practice quiz Online Author’s Purpose interactive game After-Work Reflection Form Sources: 1. Rbut8396. Author’ Purpose. http://www.quibblo.com/quiz/bGskOrN/Authors-Purpose. 2. Karen DeRitter. (2001-2011). Author’s Purpose. http://www.studyzone.org/testprep/e3topic.cfm?TopicID=125. 3. Joseph D. Novak. The Origins of the Concept Mapping Tool and the Continuing Evolution of the Tool. http://cmap.ihmc.us/publications/researchpapers/originsofconceptmappingtool.pdf. 4. Marianne Tillman. (2003). Differentiated Instruction. http://www.3villagecsd.k12.ny.us/Instructional_Technology/TchLrn/Differentinstructoverview.htm. 5. Mustafa Koc. (2005, May). Implications of Learning Theories for Effective Technology Integration and Pre-service Teacher Training: A Critical Literature Review. http://www.tused.org/internet/tused/archive/v2/i1/fulltext/tusedv2i1s1.pdf. 6. Greg Kearsley, Ben Schneiderman. (1999, April 4). Engagement Theory: A framework for technology-based teaching and learning. http://home.sprynet.com/~gkearsley/engage.htm. 7. Rowntree. (1988). Unit Three: Reflection On and In The Work Place. http://www.science.ulster.ac.uk/nursing/mentorship/docs/toolkits/Reflection.pdf. 8. Barbara J. Walker. (2005). Story Writing Approach. Techniques for Reading Instruction and Assessment. Adaptations to Meet Individual Needs: One student has a writing disability. During the writing process, the teacher will allow the student use in Word Processor or Word Pad to type out their rough and final draft of their assignment. Management/Safety Issues: There are no safety issues. There are two students who do not like to pay attention, listen to directions, or do their work. If these students’ decide to not do what is expected of them, the teacher will conference with them individually about their behavior. If they continue to misbehave, then they will write their names in the consequence book. One check results in 10 minutes of their recess time. Two checks results in 20 minutes of their recess time. Three checks results in no participation in Fantastic Friday. students’. By applying the concept web map during the brainstorming process, the students’ will be able to connect their prior knowledge with their new knowledge. By implementing the Story Writing Approach, the students’ will be able to produce a professional piece of writing. Story writing includes three stages: prewriting, writing, and evaluating. By writing their own stories, the students’ will increase their awareness of story parts. By preparing beforehand, actively participating, and reflecting after, the students’ will have the opportunity to reflect on their self as a learner and an individual (Rowntree (1988)). The students’ will use the After-Work Reflection Form to reflect back on their self and adjust their behavior/learning skills for future references. Reflections/Future Modifications: The class learned how to identify author’s purpose and the types of author’s purpose. The class learned how to implement an author’s purpose of their choosing within their own story and brainstorming web. My next steps for instruction will be to test my students’ comprehension level of the overall objective and standard. My students’ enjoyed being creative with their stories and being allowed the opportunity to use the internet to research some ideas for their stories. A couple of the students’ struggled with their stories, but performed well overall. My students’ were pleased with the opportunity I provided them with by allowing them to be creative with their stories. I believe this increased their level of comprehension of the concept because they became an author them self. Tennessee Tech University LESSON PLAN 3 Name: Katie Mattie Date: January 24, 2013 Lesson Title: Author’s Purpose Estimated Duration: 30 minutes Where in the Unit does this lesson occur? Grade/Level: 3rd Number of Students: 21 Structure(s) of grouping for the lesson: (Check One) __Beginning __Middle ___End (Check any that apply) Whole Class _____ Small Group _____ One-to-one _____ Revised Spring 2011 Other (specify) ______ Curriculum Standards Central Focus Question/Big Idea/Goal Rationale/Theoretical Reasoning Standard 0301.8.5 Literature: Identify author’s purpose. Goal: The students’ will recognize and comprehend the different types of author’s purpose. Big Idea: The students’ will demonstrate their understanding of author’s purpose through a multiple choice exam. Central Focus Questions: 1. What is author’s purpose? 2. What are the different types of author’s purpose? 3. What key elements can help you determine what the author’s purpose is? Rationale: The assessments (both formal and informal), technology integration tools, differentiated strategies, motivator, and instructional procedures support the pedagogy of this lesson. The learning tasks, which explain in detail the procedures the teacher will take to certify that the objectives have been met, support the methodology of this lesson. Based upon my observations, the students’ seem to respond well to technology interaction before assigning them work. The teacher will provide assistance by answering questions during the exam and extra practice, but will not provide answers. All these strategies will give these students the extra assistance then need to work independently with no assistance and increase their comprehension of the concept. Theoretical Reasoning: Based upon Tomlinson’s theory of differentiated instruction, my instructional approaches will be adapted to meet the individual students’ needs by providing four different level worksheets to students’ who do not score 100% on the exam, and by providing one-toone assistance to students’ who score below 60% on the exam. The teacher will not provide answers for students’ who have to re-take the exam due to a low percentage on the exam. By preparing beforehand, actively participating, and reflecting after, the students’ will have the opportunity to reflect on their self as a learner and an individual (Rowntree (1988)). The students’ will use the After-Work Reflection Form to reflect back on their self and adjust their behavior/learning skills for future references. Lesson Objective(s) 1. 2. 3. The students’ will be able to define author’s purpose. The students’ will be able to distinguish between the types of author’s purpose. The students’ will be able to point out key elements from a text to determine the author’s purpose. Vocabulary/ Academic Language (Language Function) The language function is identifying author’s purpose. The language is supported through the use of printed materials, visuals, examples, and exams. The language is used within the use of discussion, different levels of practice, and the final exam which tests the students’ mastery of the concept. The language is also supported through the use of “I Can” statements which will be posted on the whiteboard and be discussed and reviewed at the beginning and end of the lesson. Assessment/Evaluation Formative (Informal): The teacher will monitor the students’ progress by circulating the classroom to provide feedback and answer questions. The students’ will revisit the types of author’s purpose and how to identify them through teacher-class discussion. The students’ will complete an After-Work Reflection Form to reflect back on their participation, strengths and weaknesses, the assignment, and think about how to better succeed for future references. Summative (Formal): Mastery will be defined as achieving 100% on the multiple choice exam. There are 10 questions and each question is worth 10 points. The students’ who score 90% or below will be required to complete an extra worksheet to allow for an opportunity to increase their score and for extra practice. Each worksheet contains 3 questions that are worth 2 points each. This extra practice will allow an opportunity for a 6 point increase on their scores. The students’ who score 90% will complete Version 1 Worksheet. The students’ who score 80% will complete Version 2 Worksheet. The students’ who score 70% will complete Version 3 Worksheet. The students’ who score 60% will complete Version 4 Worksheet. The students’ who score below 60% will re-take the exam under teacher supervision. These different version worksheets for author’s purpose require the students’ to provide constructed responses. The final grade will be related to the Author’s Purpose Exam and the students’ author’s purpose stories. The written assignment (students’ author’s purpose stories) will be graded based upon punctuation usage, paragraph indention, complete sentences and paragraphs, and demonstration of author’s purpose. Instruction Set/Motivator: The teacher will revisit the concept of author’s purpose and the types of author’s purpose to prepare the students’ for the exam. Instructional Procedures/Learning Tasks: The students’ will take a multiple choice exam (Author’s Purpose Exam) that will demonstrate their comprehension of author’s purpose. In order to ensure success on this exam, the students’ must score 100% (refer to the summative assessment). Questions and/or activities for higher order thinking: 1. What key elements can help you determine what the author’s purpose is? 2. Aside from the types of author’s purpose previously discussed, what are some other types of author’s purpose? 3. What are some ways to use the types of author’s purpose in the real world? 4. When have you ever used a type of author’s purpose? Closure: The teacher will ask the students’ the central focus questions to transition the lesson to an end. The teacher will ask the students’ what they learned from this unit. The teacher will ask the students’ how they will apply their new and prior academic learning for future learning. Material/Resources: Author’s Purpose Multiple Choice Test Author’s Purpose Version 1, 2, 3, and 4 Worksheet After-Work Reflection Form Sources: 1. Marianne Tillman. (2003). Differentiated Instruction. http://www.3villagecsd.k12.ny.us/Instructional_Technology/TchLrn/Differentinstructoverview.htm. 2. Rowntree. (1988). Unit Three: Reflection On and In The Work Place. http://www.science.ulster.ac.uk/nursing/mentorship/docs/toolkits/Reflection.pdf. 3. Determine the Author’s Purpose Intent Version 1, 2, 3, and 4. http://www.teachnology.com/worksheets/language_arts/authors/. 4. What’s the Author’s Purpose. http://www.teachnology.com/worksheets/language_arts/authors/ap4.html. Adaptations to Meet Individual Needs: The students’ who score 90% on the test will complete Version 1 Worksheet. The students’ who score 80% on the test will complete Version 2 Worksheet. The Revised Spring 2011 students’ who score 70% on the test will complete Version 3 Worksheet. The students’ who score 60% on the test will complete Version 4 Worksheet. The students’ who score below 60% will re-take the exam with teacher guidance. The teacher will now provide answers to the test, but provide assistance so the student can understand what the test is asking. Management/Safety Issues: There are no safety issues. There are two students’ who do not pay attention well, listen to directions, or do their work. If these students’ decide to not do what is expected of them, the teacher will conference with them individually about their behavior. Any misbehavior will be reported by the students signing their name in the consequence book and stating the reason why they have to sign the book. If the students’ get one check, ten minutes will be taken from their recess. If the students’ get two checks, twenty minutes will be taken from their recess. If the students’ get three checks, parents are contacted and no participation in Fantastic Friday. Reflections/Future Modifications: The class overall was successful with author’s purpose. I had no one receive below 70%. Only one person was required to complete the third version of the author’s purpose worksheet after taking the test. The class was able to successfully distinguish between the types of author’s purpose. My next instructional steps would be to provide extra instruction and practice of the different types of author’s purpose. My students’ are exceptional learners and will work hard when a challenge has been presented to them. My students’ work well within different learning environments and with technology integration at the beginning of a lesson. My students’ seemed pleased with my instruction. Some students’ requested more challenging material. Revised Spring 2011