Study Guide Ch.9
Roundworms have radial symmetry (F; bilateral)
The cells of most animals are organized into higher levels of structure, including tissues, organs, and
systems (T)
Collar cells help move water through sponges (T)
Corals spend their adult lives as medusas (F; polyps)
Sexual reproduction is the process by which a single organism produces a new organism identical to
itself (F; asexual)
Segmented worms have a(n) closed circulatory system
Roundworms have a digestive tract with two openings (s)
The organism that supports a parasite is called the hosts
A (n) adaptation is a characteristic that helps an organism to perform basic functions in their
environment
Three major worm phyla are flatworms, roundworms, and segmented worms
An organism that lives in or on another organism is called a parasite
Cnidarians are invertebrate animals
Sponges obtain food and oxygen from the water
Cnidarians capture food and defend themselves by using stinging cells
Having stinging cells is NOT a characteristic of a sponge
An invertebrate is an animal with no backbone
One characteristic by which animals are classified is their body structure
Budding is a form of asexual reproduction
Cnidarians are invertebrates that have two different body plans – a polyp and a medusa
Structures or behaviors that allow animals to perform basic functions in their environments are called
adaptations
Describe how coral reefs form – coral reefs forms when a free-swimming coral larva attaches to a solid
surface. The coral larva becomes a polyp and secretes a hard, stony skeleton. Over time, many coral
larvae attach to the surface and the polyps reproduce asexually. As more and more polyps secrete stony
skeletons, the colony eventually forms a coral reef
Describe the circulatory system of an earthworm. Explain how this type of system benefits the
earthworm – earthworms have a closed circulatory system. In this type of system, blood flows through
a network of blood tubes called vessels. A closed circulatory system benefits the earthworm because is
more efficient than an open circulatory system. A closed system can move blood more quickly
Predators have many special adaptations to catch prey. List four adaptations and tell how they help
the predator – sharp teeth, sharp claws, the ability to run fast, good vision, and good hearing. Sharp
teeth allow predators to hold, kill and eat prey. Sharp claws help predators catch and hold their prey.
The ability to run fast helps predators chase down and catch their prey. Good vision helps predators
spot their prey at great distances. Good hearing helps predators hear their prey.
Describe four characteristics of animals – animals are made of many cells. They must eat other
organisms for food. They can reproduce sexually, asexually, or both. Most animals can move from place
to place
Describe the advantages that bilateral symmetry gives an animal – animals with bilateral symmetry can
move quickly and efficiently because they have balanced, streamlined bodies. Also, they have sense
organs concentrated at their front ends, so they are able to get information about food or predators
that are in front of them. Efficient movement and sense organs help them get food and avoid enemies
What characteristics do biologists use when they classify an animal – biologists study the structure of
animal bodies, the way they develop as embryos, and their DNA