Answer Key_
Name: _
Pretest Score: _____/51
Posttest Score: _____/51
Ch 10+ Pretest: Cell Growth and Division
Matching:
I
1. __ __ Having the normal number of
chromosomes, 2n. 46 for humans
T__ When homologous chromosomes have
2. __
replicated and paired up, this forms
A__ Stage where the centromere splits and
3. __
A. anaphase
B. autosome
C. binary fission
D. chromatid
sister chromosomes move to opposite
sides of a cell
E. chromatin
F. chromosome
G. crossing over
to its homolog, usually occurs during
prophase I of meiosis
H. cytokinesis
I. diploid
J. DNA
are separated and nucleus reforms
K. haploid
L. homologous chromosome
daughter cells are haploid
M. interphase
N. meiosis
determine gender, come in pairs
O. metaphase
P. mitosis
contains instructions for cell functions
Q. prophase
R. sex chromosome
genes and same shape
S. telophase
T. tetrad
G__ Exchange of DNA from one chromosome
4. __
S__ Final stage of cell division, chromosomes
5. __
N__ Cell division where gametes form,
6. __
B__ A “regular” chromosome, does not
7. __
J__ Chemical that is the basis of all life,
8. __
L__ Pairs of chromosomes that have the same
9. __
D__ A single copy of a chromosome, 2 of them
10. __
are joined at the centromere together during cell division
P__ Cell division where identical cells are made, daughter cells are diploid
11. __
H__ The stage of cell division where the contents of the cytoplasm are divided
12. __
O__ Stage of cell division where chromosomes line up in the center of the cell
13. __
F_ A complete set of genetic material; copies itself during cell division; humans
14. __
have 46 of them, DNA is “wound up.”
Q__ Stage of cell division where the nucleus breaks down, and chromosomes
15. __
become visible
C__ Process of cell division for prokaryotes
16. __
R__ X or Y chromosome, two of them together determine gender
17. ___
M__ Stage in the cell cycle, not usually considered cell division. The cell is
18. __
growing and performing specialized functions
K__ Half the number of chromosomes, 23 for humans; products of meiosis
19. __
contain this number
E__ Form of DNA that is “unwound” long, thin strands.
20. __
Label each of the following stages of Meiosis and identify each as haploid or diploid
26. _Prophase I_
27. _Prophase
II _
28. _Telophase
II_
29. _
Telophase I_
30. __Anaphase
II_
31. _Anaphase I_
32. _Metaphase I_
33. _Metaphase II
Short answer:
_
34. - 37. Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis by naming at least 2 similarities
and 2 differences between the two processes.
Similar:
DNA replicates
cell divides
cytokinesis
stages same order
Stages same general events
Differences:
Haploid vs. diploid daughter cells
Homologs pair up during meiosis
Meiosis has 2 sets of division
Meiosis has 4 daughter cells
Mitosis associated with asexual
reproduction; meiosis associated with
sexual reproduction
38. – 41. Compare and contrast cell division in prokaryotes and eukaryoes by naming
at least 2 similarities and 2 differences between the two processes.
Prokaryotes: undergo binary fission
Compare: 2 daughter cells
DNA replicates
daughter cells are diploid
binary fission and mitosis associated with
asexual reproduction
Contrast: DNA is circular in prokaryotes
DNA is attached to inside of cell membrane
(not in nucleus)
Prokaryotic DNA doesn’t “line up”
No cytokinesis (no organelles)
42. – 47. DNA takes many forms during the cell cycle. Explain/describe these forms
and give an example of when in the cell cycle they can be found.
Chromatin:
DNA is long, thin strands. Interphase
DNA is “wound” into short stubby pieces.
1 single copy is called a chromatid. Anaphase,
telophase
Chromatid:
DNA is “wound” into short stubby
pieces. 2 chromatids held together by a
centromere is a chromosome (prophase,
Chromosome:
metaphase) as well as 1 chromatid by itself is a
chromosome (anaphase, telophase)
48. – 51. Differentiate (tell the difference) between sexual and asexual reproduction.
Explain whether each of the following is associated with sexual or asexual
reproduction: mitosis, meiosis, binary fission.
Sexual reproduction: there is an exchange of
DNA. Meiosis prepares for sexual reproduction
by making gametes.
Asexual reproduction: there is no exchange of
DNA. Mitosis and binary fission are considered
asexual reproduction.
Original images:
http://www.biology.iupui.edu/biocourses/n100/2k4ch9meiosisnotes.html