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The Earth’s Changing Surface
HOMEWORK #8
DIRECTIONS: o Answer the questions below in complete sentences where appropriate.
1.
If we compare the temperature and density of the Earth’s mantle to the core, what differences can we expect as we descend from the mantle to the core?
A.
Both temperature and density decrease.
B.
The temperature decreases and density increases.
What does descend mean? _____________
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C.
Both temperature and density increase.
D.
The temperature increases and density decreases.
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2.
The density of the mantle ranges from 3.4 g/cm 3 to 5.4 g/cm 3 . Which layer would most likely have a density of 2.7 g/cm 3 to 3 g/cm 3 ?
A.
Outer Core
B.
Mesosphere
What prior knowledge about density of the layers of the earth helped you answer this questions? _______________________________________________________
C.
Crust
D.
Inner Core
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Use the data table below to answer question 3.
Earth’s Composition
Layer Density (g/cm 3 ) Thickness (km)
Continental crust ~2.7 ~30 to 100
Oceanic crust
Mantle
~3.0
~3.4 to 5.6
~5
~2,900
Core ~9.9 to 13.1 ~3,430
3.
Which layer of the earth has the greatest density?
A.
Continental Crust
B.
Oceanic Crust
C. Mantle
D. Core
4.
The mantle ranges in temperature from 870 0 C to 3,700 0 C. After doing research you discover another layer of the earth has a temperature of 3,700 0 C to 7,200 0 C. Which layer have you probably discovered?
A.
Asthenosphere
B.
Core
C.
Crust
D.
Lithosphere
What prior knowledge about the temperature of the layers of the earth helped you answer this questions? _________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
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5.
The crust is different from the core in terms of composition (“stuff”/material it is made up of) because
A.
the crust is a solid ball of iron and the core is composed of silicon, calcium, and magnesium.
B.
the core is made mainly of nickel and iron and the crust is made of silicon, magnesium, aluminum, and many other elements.
C.
as you descend through each of the layers, the composition increases.
D.
…actually they aren’t different in terms of composition. They are made of the same things.
6.
You discovered a layer that is part of the lithosphere, has a temperature range of 0 0 C to
1,000 0 C, has a density range of 2.7 g/cm 3 to 3 g/cm 3 , and is composed (made up of) many elements including oxygen, calcium, iron, aluminum, nickel, and silicon. What layer have you MOST likely discovered?
A.
Asthenosphere
B.
Crust
Which two choices could you eliminate for sure and why? _________________
_________________________________________________________________
C.
Mantle
D.
Core
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7.
What would be the correct order of Earth’s layers from the surface to the center?
A.
lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core
B.
asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, lithosphere, inner core
C.
lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, inner core, outer core
D.
outer core, lithosphere, mesosphere, inner core, asthenosphere
8.
Because the pressure inside the earth increases as you go deeper inside the earth, which statement about the density of the layers is true?
A. The density is the same for all the layers
B. The density of the layers increases as you go deeper
C. The density of the layers decreases as you go deeper
D. The least dense layer is the core and the densest layer is the mantle.
9.
Which describes the temperature of Earth near the inner core?
A. hotter than the temperature at the crust
B. cooler than the temperature at the crust
C. the same as the temperature at the crust
D. more changeable than the temperature at the crust
10.
Examine the picture to the right. Write the correct densities beside each object.
__________ Chess Piece A.
5 g/cm 3
__________ Corn Syrup B.
2 g/cm 3
__________ Rock C.
3 g/mL