All Consonants 1 b ban tab c cat d dig had f frog if g gum hog Consonants 2 h hand j jet k kid lock l lamp pal m man gum Consonants 3 n not fun p pat sip q quick r rob car s sun bus Consonants 4 Consonants Short Vowels Digraphs 6 Blends Long Other Vowel Other Vowels Other Vowels 1 Other Vowels 2 Other Vowels 3 t ten bent b, c, d, f, a fan thorn bath smudge Vowels ‘y’ as a vowel march thorn Harder Digraphs Vowel Vowel Diphthong vowels combined v vet g, h, j, e pet ship wish flies VCe hope by , gym, boot /book her hurt Diphthong with w or y to make make a short ‘o’ w wig cow k, l, m, n, i dig chew lunch lump VV wait tummy tough/cough third new sounds sound want x x-ray box p, q, r, s, t, o rob when duck tries igh fright as a consonant thread /great prowl sour malt saw y yam v, w, x, y, u gum CV so yellow, yip weigh boy toil haul sought z zip buzz z caught Other Vowels 4 Complex Complex Consonants 2 Inflected Endings 1: Inflected Endings 2: Inflected Endings 3: Inflected Endings 4: Inflected Endings 5 Syllable Junctures: Unaccented Final Unaccented put shook Consonants 1 switch smudge 1st vowel not long, Syllables 1 Final Syllables doubling the change ‘y’ to an ‘i’ add ‘s’ or ‘es’ 3 sounds of : ‘ed’ dropping ‘e’ or not soon crew c as ‘s’ g as ‘j’ scrape knotted foxes wishes chewed ‘d’ ride - riding 2 consonant ‘f’ to a ‘v’, add es consonant doubled ‘or’ & ‘ar’ make the caught fawn city logical squirt buses misses shouted ‘ed’ serve - served rr car-ries ‘er’ sound al LOY-al VCCing pounce page clap- clapping try - tries lunches potatoes camped ‘t’ fat - fatter ll cel-lar SAIL-or el TUN-nel cycle gym leaf - leaves wet - wettest CEL-lar le BOT-tle Harder Affixes Affixes 1 disloyal Affixes 2 terrible Affixes 3 Affixes 4 Suffixes Reduced Vowels in assimilated prefixes (prefix spelling cyber- (computer related) cyberstudent un-, disdislodge -ible sensible -tion -sion -ence -ance Unaccented Syllables changed) super-(over, above) superscript -able reliable -fidCON-fi-dent in + legible changes to reversal, negative, unable action, result, state quality, action multi-(many) multitask undo manageable relation information dominance clearance -lizCIV-i-lize il + legible = illegible separation capable, fit for, -er (verb to noun) worker vision expression circumference tolerance tending to -ful (to do) playful -est (most) brightest Latin Roots Latin Prefixes Latin Suffixes Greek Roots Greek Prefixes Greek Suffixes -dict- (to say) contradiction trans - (across) transport -able (worthy, capable) likable -chron- (time) chronic anti- (against) antibody -ism (act, theory) optimism -duct- (lead, lead to) productive sub- (under, behind) submarine - ation (process) civilization -dem- (people) pandemic bio- (life) biology -ist (nouns from verbs) cyclist - -gress- (to walk) progress pre- (before) prepay -ment (nouns from verbs) amazement -phon(o)-(sound) microphone geo- (earth) geography -ize (verbs from nouns) hospitalize -ject- (to throw) ejection post- (after) postdate -ible (worthy, capable) flexible -path- (feeling) empathy hyper- (excessive) hyperactive -logue (talk, speech) dialogue neo- (new) neoplasm -logy (law, theory) biology Consonants 1 b ban tab c cat d dig had f frog if g gum hog Consonants 2 h hand j jet k kid lock l lamp pal m man gum Consonants 3 n not fun p pat sip q quick r rob car s sun bus Consonants 4 Consonants Short Vowels Digraphs 6 Blends Long Other Vowel Other Vowels Other Vowels 1 Other Vowels 2 Other Vowels 3 t ten bent b, c, d, f, a fan thorn bath smudge Vowels ‘y’ as a vowel march thorn Harder Digraphs Vowel Vowel Diphthong vowels combined v vet g, h, j, e pet ship wish flies VCe hope by , gym, boot /book her hurt Diphthong with w or y to make make a short ‘o’ w wig cow k, l, m, n, i dig chew lunch lump VV wait tummy tough/cough third new sounds sound want x x-ray box p, q, r, s, t, o rob when duck tries igh fright as a consonant thread /great prowl sour malt saw y yam v, w, x, y, u gum CV so yellow, yip weigh boy toil haul sought z zip buzz z caught Other Vowels 4 Complex Complex Consonants 2 Inflected Endings 1: Inflected Endings 2: Inflected Endings 3: Inflected Endings 4: Inflected Endings 5 Syllable Junctures: Unaccented Final Unaccented put shook Consonants 1 switch smudge 1st vowel not long, Syllables 1 Final Syllables doubling the change ‘y’ to an ‘i’ add ‘s’ or ‘es’ 3 sounds of : ‘ed’ dropping ‘e’ or not soon crew c as ‘s’ g as ‘j’ scrape knotted foxes wishes chewed ‘d’ ride - riding 2 consonant ‘f’ to a ‘v’, add es consonant doubled ‘or’ & ‘ar’ make the caught fawn city logical squirt buses misses shouted ‘ed’ serve - served rr car-ries ‘er’ sound al LOY-al VCCing pounce page clap- clapping try - tries lunches potatoes camped ‘t’ fat - fatter ll cel-lar SAIL-or el TUN-nel cycle gym leaf - leaves wet - wettest CEL-lar le BOT-tle Harder Affixes Affixes 1 disloyal Affixes 2 terrible Affixes 3 Affixes 4 Suffixes Reduced Vowels in assimilated prefixes (prefix spelling cyber- (computer related) cyberstudent un-, disdislodge -ible sensible -tion -sion -ence -ance Unaccented Syllables changed) super-(over, above) superscript -able reliable -fidCON-fi-dent in + legible changes to reversal, negative, unable action, result, state quality, action multi-(many) multitask undo manageable relation information dominance clearance -lizCIV-i-lize il + legible = illegible separation capable, fit for, -er (verb to noun) worker vision expression circumference tolerance tending to -ful (to do) playful -est (most) brightest Latin Roots Latin Prefixes Latin Suffixes Greek Roots Greek Prefixes Greek Suffixes -dict- (to say) contradiction trans - (across) transport -able (worthy, capable) likable -chron- (time) chronic anti- (against) antibody -ism (act, theory) optimism -duct- (lead, lead to) productive sub- (under, behind) submarine - ation (process) civilization -dem- (people) pandemic bio- (life) biology -ist (nouns from verbs) cyclist - -gress- (to walk) progress pre- (before) prepay -ment (nouns from verbs) amazement -phon(o)-(sound) microphone geo- (earth) geography -ize (verbs from nouns) hospitalize -ject- (to throw) ejection post- (after) postdate -ible (worthy, capable) flexible -path- (feeling) empathy hyper- (excessive) hyperactive -logue (talk, speech) dialogue neo- (new) neoplasm -logy (law, theory) biology Emergent Consonants 1 b ban tab c cat d dig had f frog if g gum hog Consonants 2 h hand j jet k kid lock l lamp pal m man gum Consonants 3 n not fun p pat sip q quick r rob car s sun bus Consonants 4 t ten bent v vet w wig cow x x-ray box y yam z zip buzz Consonants b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, z Short Vowels a fan e pet i dig o rob u gum Digraphs 6 thorn bath ship wish chew lunch when duck Within Word Pattern Blends smudge flies lump tries Long Vowels VCe hope VV wait igh fright CV so Other Vowel ‘y’ as a vowel by , gym, tummy as a consonant yellow, yip Other Vowels Harder Digraphs boot /book tough/cough thread /great weigh caught Other Vowels 1 Vowel Diphthong Other Vowels 2 Vowel Diphthong make a short ‘o’ sound vowels combined with w or y to make new sounds want malt saw haul sought Other Vowels 3 march thorn her hurt third Other Vowels 4 put shook soon crew caught fawn prowl sour boy toil Complex Consonants 1 Complex Consonants 2 c as ‘s’ g as ‘j’ switch smudge city logical scrape knotted pounce page squirt cycle gym Syllable and Affixes Inflected Endings 1: doubling the consonant VCCing clap- clapping Inflected Endings 2: change ‘y’ Inflected Endings 3: add ‘s’ or Inflected Endings 4: to an ‘i’ ‘es’ 3 sounds of : ‘ed’ foxes wishes buses chewed ‘d’ ‘f’ to a ‘v’, add es misses shouted ‘ed’ try - tries lunches potatoes camped ‘t’ leaf - leaves Inflected Endings 5 dropping ‘e’ or not ride - riding serve - served fat - fatter wet - wettest Syllable Junctures: 1st vowel not long, consonant doubled rr car-ries ll cel-lar Unaccented Final Syllables 1 ‘or’ & ‘ar’ make the ‘er’ sound SAIL-or CEL-lar Unaccented Final Syllables 2 al LOY-al el TUN-nel le BOT-tle Derivational Relations Harder Affixes Affixes 1 disloyal cyber- (computer related) cyberstudent un-, disdislodge super-(over, above) superscript reversal, negative, unable multi-(many) multitask undo separation -er (verb to noun) worker -ful (to do) playful -est (most) brightest Latin Roots Latin Prefixes -dict- (to say) contradiction trans - (across) transport -duct- (lead, lead to) productive sub- (under, behind) submarine - -gress- (to walk) progress pre- (before) prepay -ject- (to throw) ejection post- (after) postdate Affixes 2 -ible -able capable, fit for, tending to terrible sensible reliable manageable Latin Suffixes -able (worthy, capable) - ation (process) -ment (nouns from verbs) -ible (worthy, capable) Affixes 3 -tion -sion action, result, state relation information vision expression likable civilization amazement flexible Greek Roots -chron- (time) -dem- (people) -phon(o)-(sound) -path- (feeling) Affixes 4 Suffixes -ence -ance quality, action dominance clearance circumference tolerance chronic pandemic microphone empathy Greek Prefixes anti- (against) bio- (life) geo- (earth) hyper- (excessive) neo- (new) Reduced Vowels in Unaccented Syllables -fidCON-fi-dent -lizCIV-i-lize antibody biology geography hyperactive neoplasm assimilated prefixes (prefix spelling changed) in + legible changes to il + legible = illegible Greek Suffixes -ism (act, theory) -ist (nouns from verbs) -ize (verbs from nouns) -logue (talk, speech) -logy (law, theory) optimism cyclist hospitalize dialogue biology