Phonics Lessons
Chapter 5
Cohen & Cowan
Sight Words
High Frequency List
Instant Words: First 100 (Fry)
50% of material we read
(1-25 = 1/3 of written material)
Many are irregularly spelled or
pronounced
Sight Word Strategies
Labeling
Visual configuration
Shared literacy experiences
Games
Story context
Daily routines
Word Identification strategies
used only with unfamiliar words
Focus on common patterns
 Phonic
 Structural
 Syllabic
Phonic Analysis
 Letters
 Vowels (long,short)
 Consonants
 Consonant blends (sm, sll, br, spr)
 Consonant digraphs (sh, th, ph, wh)
 CVC, CVCe
Nonsense words
dalk, sait, quare, clape, jouse, befuse
(You are familiar with the vowel patterns
and can apply them)
Vowel Sounds
“E”
 end - short
 feet -long
 made-silent
 eat -comined with a for long e
 fern -r-controlled
Vowel Patterns
 Long sounds
 CVCe - Fate, game
 Digraphs (oa, ea, ee, ai, oy)
 2 vowels walking, second does the talking)
 Single vowel at end of syllable usually long
 (me/ter, be, ti/ger , lo/co/mo/tive)
Vowels….cont.
 Short vowels
 CVC rule
 Bit, tin, top, fat, thin
Vowel digraphs (one sound, 2 vowels)
ay-day
ey - monkey
ai - bait
oa - boat
ee- feet
au - haul
Vowels…cont.
 Dipthongs (vowel blends - 2 sounds)
 oi - foil
 oy - boy
ou - our, loud, house
ow - growl
R-controlled = blend
bar
fern
car
bird
farm
torn
horn
worm
guard
Vowels … cont.
 “y” at end of word with no other vowel
 Has long “I” sound
 Sky, my, try, shy
“y” at end of word with 2 syllables
- has long “e” sound
- country, happy, sorry
Structural Analysis
prefixes
suffixes
roots
Inflectional Endings
Plurals
Boy, boys
Half, halves
Church, churches
Cry, cries
Possessives
Man, man’s
Children, children’s
Inflectional endings … cont.
CVC - double final
consonant (ed, ing)
CVCe (ed, ing)
bat - batting
hop - hoping
hit - hitting
tape - taping
Inflectional endings … cont.
Comparative forms
Compound words
fast, faster, fastest
cowboy
firehouse
sometimes
nowhere
log, longer, longest
Structural Analysis
Prefixes
unbimultiprepropost-
indisnonresemisub-
 Suffixes
-ful
-tion
-less
-sion
-ment
-able
-ship
-ness
-ous
-ward
Syllabication
 Syllables = vowel sounds
(Enclose, defeat, break)
VC/CV (hap/pen, nar/row)
VC/CV (pen/cil, cac/tus)
 VCV
(fa/tal, to/tal, pa/per, o/ver)
Onset-Rime Phonics Approach
-ake
-oad
-ide
-uck
-ue
-ay
(take, cake, make, bake, fake)
(load, toad, road)
(ride, tide, bide, hide, side)
(duck, luck, truck)
(blue, glue, true)
(hay, bay, say, day, may)
37 High-frequency Spelling Patterns
ack
ame
at
ell
ight
ink
op
ump
ail
an
aw
ake
ock
ick
ill
ate
ice
ap
uck
ing
ip
est
in
ay
ale
oke
ore
ain
it
ide
ash
ug
unk
ank
ot
ine
eat