6th Grade Study English Guide
Noun – names a person, place, thing, or idea.
Types of nouns
Common noun – names any one of a class of people, places, things, or ideas.
Proper noun – names a particular person, place, or thing.
Collective noun – denotes a group of persons, places, or things, considered as
one.
Concrete nouns – person, place, or thing that you can experience with your
senses.
Abstract noun – expresses a quality, condition, or an action apart from any
object or thing.
Qualities of nouns
Person – quality of a noun through which the speaker, the one spoken to, or the one
spoken about is indicated.
First person denotes the speaker.
Second person denotes the one spoken to.
Third person denotes the one spoken about.
Number – the quality of a noun that denotes whether is refers to one person,
place, or thing or more than one person, place, or thing.
Gender – the quality of a noun that expresses which sex is distinguished.
Masculine
Feminine
Neuter – denotes objects
Some nouns may be taken as wither masculine of feminine.
Cases of nouns
Case is the quality of a noun that shows its relation to some other word or words in the
sentence.
Nominative Case – subject nouns
Subject – the person, place or thing the sentence is about.
Subject complement – refers to the same person, place, or thing as the
subject.
- renames or describes the subject
- follows a linking verb
(Some linking verbs- is, am, are, was, were, be, being, been)
Possessive Case – expresses possession, ownership, or connection
Objective Case – object nouns
Direct object – answers whom or what after the action verb.
Indirect object – answers to whom or for whom the action is done.
Object of the proposition – follows a preposition
Object complement – follows the direct object, renames the object
Sentences – group of words that express a complete thought.
Sentences must have a subject and a predicate.
Classified by purpose
Declarative Sentence – Classified by form
Simple Sentence – consists of one independent clause
Compound Sentence – contains two or more independent clauses joined by a comma and a
coordinate conjunction, a semicolon, or a semicolon, and an adverb
Complex Sentence – contains an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses
Clause – group of words that has a subject and a predicate
Independent Clause – expresses a complete though
Dependent clause – does not express a complete thought and cannot stand alone out of the
sentence.
Classified by form
Simple Sentence – consists of one independent clause
Compound Sentence – contains two or more independent clauses joined by a comma and a
coordinate conjunction, a semicolon, or a semicolon, and an adverb
Complex Sentence – contains an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses
Pronoun – a word that takes the place of a noun
Antecedent – a word to which a pronoun refers
Personal Pronouns
Nominative case – subject pronouns – used as subjects and subject complements
1st person
2nd person
3rd person
Singular
I
you
he, she, it
Plural
we
you
they
Objective case pronouns – used as direct objects, indirect objects, objects of prepositions
1st person
2nd person
3rd person
Singular
me
you
him, her, it
them
Plural
us
you
Possessive case pronouns – stand alone (while possessive adjectives precede nouns)
1st person
2nd person
3rd person
Singular
mine
yours
his, hers, its
Plural
ours
yours
theirs
Compound pronouns – intensive and reflexive
Singular
1st person
myself
2nd person
yourself
3rd person
himself, herself, itself
Plural
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
Interrogative pronouns – used to ask a question
who, whom, whose, which, what
Demonstrative pronouns – point out a particular person, place, or
thing
this, that, these, those
Indefinite pronouns – refer to any or all of a group of persons,
places, or things
Singular:
another, anybody, anyone, anything, each, either, everybody, everything, much, neither, nobody,
no one, nothing, one, other, somebody, someone, something
Plural:
both, few, many, others, several
Singular & Plural:
all, any, more, most, none, some
Writing Traits
Ideas
Organization
Word Choice
Sentence Fluency
Voice
Conventions
Writing Process
Prewriting – think and plan
Drafting – writing it down
Revising – improve my ideas, words, sentences, and organization
Editing – correcting grammar, spelling, punctuation, capitalization
Publishing – sharing my writing