THE ANALYSIS OF CODE-MIXING USED IN THE MOVIE ENTITLED
“AKU ATAU DIA?” BY AFFANDI ABDUL RACHMAN
Dewi Agnes Vitaloka
agnesvitaloka@yahoo.com
English Education Study Program Language and Arts Department Sekolah Tinggi Keguruan Dan Ilmu
Pendidikan (STKIP) Siliwangi Bandung
ABSTRACT
The objectives of the research entitled “The Analysis of Code-Mixing Used in the Movie Entitled “Aku atau
Dia?” by Affandi Abdul Rachman” are to find out the usage of code-mixing, the types of code-mixing, and
to analyze the types of code-mixing are used in dialogue in “Aku atau Dia?” movie. The researcher used
qualitative research method. The subjects of this research are all dialogues or conversations among the actors
and actresses of “Aku atau Dia?” movie, and the instrument of the research is DVD movie consisting of the
collected data relating to code-mixing. The data are collected by reading all the movie script in order to find
out the types of code-mixing used, and the data are analyzed by theory of McArthur (1992:228-9) in Kaswan
(2010:30) using percentage category by formula of Sudjana (1996:47) in Miftahudin (2011:47). The results
of the research showed that there are 1263 Indonesian words, 149 Sundanese words, 34 Javanese words, 144
English words, 66 Tag Mixing, 103 Intra-sentential Mixing, 25 Inter-sentential Mixing and 7 Intra-word
mixing.
Key Words: Code-mixing, movie
(Webster,1979:64). Hence, analysis consists of parts
such as: nature, proportion, function, relationship.
2) Code
A. BACKGROUND
As future teachers, we are expected to learn
general subjects and subjects of proficiency. One of
the subjects of proficiency is sociolinguistics.
Indonesian societies are bilinguals and
multilingual. When they communicate or interact
with each other, they may use code-mixing or codeswitching.
The phenomenon of code-mixing happens not
only between vernacular and Bahasa Indonesia, but
also between Bahasa Indonesia and English. The
phenomenon of code-mixing does not only occur in
daily life situations. But it is also used by some
programmers, broadcasters of radio, television, or
cinema.
The writer chooses “Aku atau Dia?” movie by
Affandi Abdul Rachman, because four languages are
used in this movie, they are Bahasa Indonesia,
Sundanese, Javanese, and English. The writer
chooses the mentioned movie because the writer
found effect from this movie, influencing the
audience, especially the teenager to follow their
conversation.
According to Wardhaugh (1998:86) in
Kaswan (2010:24) code is defined as ”any kind
of system that two or more people employ for
communication”.
a) Code Choice
Holmes (1998) in Kaswan (2010:24) states
that code or language choice is “influenced by
certain social factors - who we are talking to, the
social context of the talk, the function and the
topic of the discussion”.
b) Social Factors Affecting Choice
Some dimensions may be relevant in accounting
for the choice of variety or code in a particular
situation. They are:
(a) Social distance: How well do the participants
know each other, i.e. what is the social
distance between them? Are they strangers,
friends, and brothers.
(b) The status relationship between people may be
relevant in selecting the appropriate code.
(c) Features of the setting and the dimension of
formally.
(d) Function or goal of interaction (Kaswan,
2010:26).
B. LITERATURE REVIEW
1) Analysis
Analysis is “a separating or breaking up of any
whole into its parts so as to find out their nature,
proportion,
function,
relationship,
etc”
1
c) Bilingualism
C. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1) Research Method
In this research, the writer used qualitative
research method. According to Fraenkel, Wallen, &
Hyun (1990:696) qualitative research refers to “the
research in which the investigator attempts to study
naturally occurring phenomena in all their
complexity”.
2) Instrument of the Research
According to Heigham and Croker (2009) “there
are several qualitative data collection methods:
observation, interviews, questionnaires, introspective
techniques, and discourse analysis”. So, instrument
of this research is DVD movie consisting of the
collected data relating to code-mixing.
3) Research Subjects
In this research, the writer took the all dialogues
or conversations among the actors and actresses of
“Aku atau Dia?” movie as the subject of the
research.
4) Data Collection
The data was collected through documentary
investigation and interpretation. The documentary
and interpretation are used to gather the data about
code-mixing.
The data are collected from the whole script of
“Aku atau Dia?” movie. Furthermore, the writer read
carefully and identified each sentences for in depth
analyzed based on types of code-mixing that is the
main of data collection technique of this research.
After watching the movie and printing the whole
script of “Aku atau Dia?” movie the writer took a
notes consisting of the collected data relating to codemixing, these data are presented in the form of table.
All tables of the data are presented and discussed in
chapter four. The data collected are classified into the
following table:
Table 1: The Data Collected in “Aku atau
Dia?” Movie
Kaswan
(2010:28)
explains
that
“bilingualism is the use of at least two languages
either by an individual or by a group of
speakers”.
d) Code-Mixing
Muysken (1995) in Mesthrie (2011:301) explains
that code-mixing means “the use of more than one
language during a single communicative event”.
Code-mixing is usually used in informal situation; we
can mix the code freely, especially if there are terms
which cannot be expressed in other language. Codemixing occurs in either bilingual society.
According to McArthur (1992:228) code-mixing
refers to “terms in sociolinguistics for language and
especially speech that draws to differing extents on at
least two languages combined in different ways”.
Richard, et al. (1995:43) in Kaswan (2010:29)
states that code-switching or code-mixing means “a
change by a speaker (or writer) from one language or
language variety to another one”.
According to McArthur (1992:228-9) in Kaswan
(2010:30) there are four major types of code-mixing:
(a) Tag Mixing, in which tags and certain set phrases
in one language are inserted into an utterance
otherwise in another.
Example: Friends, ayo kita liburan ke pantai!
(b) Intra-sentential Mixing, this type of code-mixing
occurs within clause or sentence boundary.
Example: Untung aja ada moment yang tepat.
(c) Inter-sentential Mixing, this type of code-mixing
in which a change in one language occurs at a
clause or sentence boundary, where each clause
is in one language or the other.
Example: Adit ngajakin Tita married!
(d) Intra-word Mixing, this type of code-mixing in
which a change occurs within a word boundary.
Example: Jangan lupa upload-in foto kita ya!
3) The Movie Entitled “Aku tau Dia?”
Movies are “a type of visual communication
which use moving pictures and sound to tell stories
or inform (help people to learn about new ideas)”
(http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/movie).
“Aku atau Dia?” is an Indonesian comedyromantic movie directed by Affandi Abdul Rachman
was released on October 28, 2010 and the movie
starred by Fedi Nuril, Julie Estelle, Rizky Hanggono,
Ringgo Agus Rahman, Ananda Omesh, Sophie
Types of Code Mixing
No
Text/
Tag
mixing
Dialogue
(TM)
Navita, Edo Borne, TJ, Aline Adita, and Shara
Aryo. This movie focuses on the relationship
between Novi and Dafi.
2
Intrasentential
mixing
Intersentential
mixing
Intraword
mixing
(Intra
SM)
(Inter
SM)
(Intra
WM)
5) Data Analysis
The data of this research are analyzed based on
theory of McArthur (1992:228-9) in Kaswan
(2010:30) which describe that there are four major
types of code-mixing. The types are: tag mixing,
intra-sentential mixing, inter-sentential mixing and
intra-word mixing.
The writer watched the movie, transcribe, and
read the whole script of “Aku atau Dia?” movie.
Then, the writer identified and classified each
sentences to analyzed it based on theory of McArthur
(1992:228-9) in Kaswan (2010:30).
In accordance with the data collected, the writer
used the technique of percentage. It is considered to
be the most practical way for presenting and
analyzing the data. Percentage is determined by using
formula of Sudjana (1996:47) in Miftahudin
(2011:47) as follows:
f
P = n × 100%
As note:
P = percentage
f = total frequency of code-mixing
n = total words
6) Research Procedures
This research was intended to know further about
the using of English, and vernacular (Sundanese and
Javanese) in Indonesian movie. Concerning with the
aims of the research, the writer took the following
steps.
The research employed procedures as follow:
1) Choosing the subject of the research.
2) Watching the “Aku atau Dia?” movie repeatedly
and thoroughly to find the gist of the movie and
to get better understanding.
3) Printing the whole script of “Aku atau Dia?”
movie and read thoroughly and carefully.
4) Identifying all the script.
5) Classifying each sentence that used code-mixing.
6) Analyzing and interpreting the data collected
based on type of code-mixing.
7) Drawing conclusions and suggestions.
D. Findings and Discussion
Table 2: The Findings and Analysis of CodeMixing in “Aku atau Dia?” Movie
Types of Code Mixing
No
Text/
TM
Dialogue
1
2
3
4
5
6
3
Tapi sekarang
masalahnya
beda
kalau
kamu
sekarang
masih
fine
bisa ngerti.
Nov
sini
sayang, lagi
apa
atuh
kamu beresberes terus
Novi
cuma 
lagi
ingin
sendiri
aja,
harus
Novi
yang bersihin
teh.
Kamu adakan
orang-orang
yang
kamu
percaya yang
bisa dimintain
tolong, untuk
kasus
kamu
personal
approach
akan sangat
membantu.
Nyun
sewu
bu, maaf anu
diluar
ada
tamu.
Dan mungkin
nanti kita bisa
arrange
waktu
lagi,
Dafi mungkin
kapan
bisa
ada
waktu
yang kosong
untuk ketemu
mereka lagi?
Intra
Inter
SM
SM





Intra
WM
Types of Code Mixing
Types of Code Mixing
No
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Text/
TM
Intra
Dialogue
SM
Keputusan aku
waktu itu pure
karena
kerjaan bukan
karena
siapapun
termasuk
Amara
Kurang ya, ini
perfect. yang
Sorry ganggu
ini
ada
kiriman bunga
lagi
dari
Philipe.
Rama
saya
belum selesai
bicara do not
leave again
Rama!
Saya
harus
kerja dengan
orang seperti
Asep
dan
Wawan dalam
waktu
yang
singkat,
bagaimana
saya
bisa
antisipasi ini
kalau
saya
kerja dengan
orang
yang
tidak
competent.
We are just
friend dan ini
bukan
saat
yang
tepat
untuk bahas
ini.
Right
whatever
kamu bilang
teman, lihat
kenyataannya
?

Inter
SM
No
Intra
WM
Text/
TM
Dialogue
14
15


16
17

18

19
20

Good, malah
sesuai dengan
rencana awal
kita.
Sayang tadi
aku ke rumah
kamu ternyata
dia
ada
calling-an,
dia ga bisa
ikut.
Congratulati
on dan ini ada
paket
untuk
kamu.
Kamu
yakinkan plan
ini
benarbenar berjalan
ya.
Bukan
itu
alasan
dari
awal
kamu
hire kita.
Bapak punten,
maaf lagi ini
serius
ketinggalan.
Partnership
itu akhirnya
aku
tolak
setelah
aku
sadar kalau
aku ambil itu
aku jadi orang
lain, aku mau
aku yang dulu.
Intra
Inter
SM
Intra
WM
SM







After analyzed and interpreted the data collected
based on types of code-mixing, the writer found out
there are 201 dialogues usage of code-mixing in “Aku
atau Dia?” movie and there are 1263 Indonesian
words, 149 Sundanese words, 34 Javanese words and
144 English words.
The writer calculated the total percentage of the
types of code-mixing are used in dialogue in “Aku
atau Dia?” movie using formula of Sudjana
(1996:47) in Miftahudin (2011:47) as follow:

4
f
5) The speaker and the writer can use the types of
code-mixing in conversation. For example:
a) Intra-sentential Mixing: Kamu adakan
orang-orang yang kamu percaya yang bisa
dimintain tolong untuk kasus kamu personal
approach akan sangat membantu.
b) Tag Mixing: Sorry ganggu ini ada kiriman
bunga lagi dari Philipe.
c) Inter-sentential Mixing: Saya harus kerja
dengan orang seperti Asep dan Wawan
dalam waktu yang singkat, bagaimana saya
bisa antisipasi ini kalau saya kerja dengan
orang yang tidak competent.
d) Intra-word Mixing: Sayang tadi aku ke
rumah kamu, ternyata dia ada calling-an dia
ga bisa ikut.
6) In “Aku atau Dia?” movie there are 201
dialogues using code-mixing, it possible there is
code-mixing in another movie. So, the next
researchers can analyze the code-mixing in
another movie.
P = × 100%
n
As note:
P = percentage
f = total frequency of code-mixing
n = total words
Based on the formula above, the calculation
of the percentage of the types of code-mixing are
used in dialogue in “Aku atau Dia?” movie is
presented in this follow:
Table 3: The Percentage of the Types of CodeMixing
No
1
2
3
4
The types
of
Code-mixing
Tag Mixing
Intrasentential
Mixing
Intersentential
Mixing
Intra-word
Mixing
Total
Dialogue
Codemixing
P
(%)
201
66
21,77%
201
103
21,91%
F. BIBLIOGRAPHY
201
25
5,33%
201
7
1,11%
Anonymous. (2013). Movie. [Online]. Available
at:
http://simple.wikipedia.org/
wiki/movie [February 20, 2013]
Fraenkel, J.R.; Wallen, N.E. & Hyun, H.H. (1990).
How to Design and Evaluate Research in
Education (Eighth ed.). New York: McGrawHill Company.
Based on the table above, there are 201 dialogues
usage of code-mixing in “Aku atau Dia?” movie, that
the most used are Intra-Sentential Mixing (21,91%),
Tag Mixing (21,77%), Inter-Sentential Mixing
(5,33%) and Intra-Word Mixing (1,11%).
Heigham, J. & Croker.R.A. (2009). Qualitative
Research in Applied Linguistics A Pratical
Introduction. New York: St Martin’s Pres
LLC.
E. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
1) Code-mixing used in dialogue in “Aku atau
Dia?” movie is frequent; there are 201 dialogues
using code-mixing.
2) There are four types of code-mixing used in
“Aku atau Dia?” movie according to the order of
frequency:
a) 103 Intra-sentential Mixing
b) 66 Tag Mixing
c) 25 Inter-sentential Mixing
d) 7 Intra-word Mixing
3) To analyze the types of code-mixing, the writer
watched the movie, printed and read the whole
script “Aku atau Dia?” movie. After that she
identified and classified the dialogues, and
matched with the types of code-mixing.
4) The speaker and the writer can use code-mixing
to create a more intimate atmosphere.
Kaswan. (2010). A Brief Introduction to Language in
Society. Cimahi: STKIP Siliwangi Press.
McArthur, Tom. (1992). The Oxford Companion to
The English Language. New York: Oxford
University Press
Mesthrie, Rajend. (2011). The Cambridge Handbook
of Sociolinguistics. United Kingdom:
Cambridge University Press.
Miftahudin, Hendra. (2011). An Analysis of Code
Switching Used by Presenter of “Gaul
Bareng Bule” Reality Shown on Trans TV
Program. Unpublished Paper. Bandung:
STKIP Siliwangi Bandung.
5
Webster, Noah. (1979). Webster’s Deluxe Unabridge
Dictionary. United States of
America:
New World Dictionary.
6