Geography 12 PPT Worksheet: Rivers
A ________________ is the land area from which a river or stream
gets its ___________ supply. _____________ or ___________ are the
highland areas which ______________ one basin from another.
A ______________ river pattern is like the veins of a __________.
This pattern is found in ___________areas with a ___________
bedrock or surface.
A _____________ river pattern is found where there are differences in
the ______________ or in _____________________ regions. There
may be inclined layers of _____________ resistances that help form
this pattern.
A ___________________ pattern develops where there are long
______________ ridges in mountains or hills.
A ________________ river pattern develops around a volcano or
circular mountain or ____________ hill.
A _________________ river pattern develops over __________ which
has strong _______________ or joints in a rectangular pattern.
A _____________ river pattern develops where continental
___________ have __________ the land’s surface, rearranging the
flows of streams and rivers.
Rivers which flow year round are called ____________ rivers.
Rivers flowing only during a wet season are called _____________
rivers.
Rivers that __________ flow, every now and then, are called
________________________ rivers. Rivers in ____________ are
commonly ephemeral or intermittent.
A river or stream’s velocity is affected by _____________,
____________, ___________________ and __________________.
Geography 12 PPT Worksheet: Rivers
A stream’s _______________ refers to the ____________ of water
flowing ______________(m3/s) that it carries. A stream’s velocity is
__________________ to its discharge.
The profile, _______________ or degree of ___________ of a stream
affects its velocity with _______________ favouring _____________
velocities. Streams in _____________ have ____________ profiles
while streams in ______________ have more __________ profiles. A
stream typically flows ____________ near its mouth where it joins a
lake or ocean. Since rivers generally flow faster ______________
than upstream, _______________ is not the only factor affecting
stream velocity.
The ______________ the channel of a stream, the ______________ its
velocity which is _______________ by rough features slowing the
flow. ____________ in a river channel and __________ along the
bottom and sides of a channel _________ a river’s velocity. A mud
bottom has less _____________ than a rocky bottom which helps to
________________ a river.
A stream’s ________________ is the ratio of its cross-sectional area to
its wetted perimeter. A ___________ hydraulic radius generally
means ___________ friction which produces a ___________ flow and
therefore _____________ velocity. The hydraulic radius is a measure
of how ___________ a river flows.
For two rivers with the ___________ cross-sectional area, a
_______________ river has a _____________hydraulic radius which
produces a _____________ velocity. This is because the river water
has more contact with its channel which produces _______________,
slowing the river down.
Geography 12 PPT Worksheet: Rivers
For a river with an even channel, the water ______________ in the
______________, near the ___________. In deeper places the flow is
_____________ while in shallower places the flow is ___________
because there is ____________ surface contact and ____________ in
shallower places.
____________ of a stream’s bed and sides happens when the stream’s
velocity is higher. _________________ (very fine sand) erodes away
first. In low velocity streams, clay and silt are transported the easiest
________________ being carried in a river or stream is
______________ unless the velocity is very high. The ___________ a
river’s velocity, the _____________________ particles it can carry. As
a river slows down, it is likely to _______________ materials.
Water has four main erosion processes: _____________,
_____________, _______________ and ______________________.
The ____________ of a river’s bed and sides by suspended particles in
the moving water is called _____________.
The ________________ of rock and gravel fragments against each
other is called ___________________.
The _________________ of soluble minerals and transporting them to
an ocean is called __________________.
The reason _______________ are ______________ is that rivers
continually carry _________________ from their beds and sides to the
oceans.
The ___________ of moving water against the bottom and sides of a
river channel which slowly erodes it away is referred to as water’s
___________________. Water’s hydraulic action is more pronounced
in _____________ and ____________.
Geography 12 PPT Worksheet: Rivers
____________________ refers to the amount of __________-sized
particle that a river can erode and carry away.
The _________________________ of materials a stream or river
carries depends on its _______________ and the _______ of
sediments of the river. A river’s _____________ is the maximum
amount of _____________ materials that it can carry suspended in its
waters.
As the ______________ of a river increases (volume per time), the
capacity or sediment load increases _______________ by a factor of
two or three. For instance, if a stream’s discharge is ___________ in a
flood, its capacity may increase by _____________ times.
Streams carry particles by ______________, _____________,
______________ and ________________.
When streams ______________ along this is called ______________.
When ______________ are _____________ along the bottom of a
stream bed, this is called ______________.
________________ is the process by which water ______________
keeps particles afloat.
______________ is the process by which _______________
substances are carried by a river.
_____________ is the term used to describe river-deposited sediment.
Alluvium is usually deposited in _____________. _______________
are usually __________ because heavier particles settle out
__________, with the lightest (finest) particles settling out ________.