Medical Terminology 2
Final Exam
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A blood disorder; red blood cells are larger than normal: megaloblastic anemia
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Specialist treats diseases and disorders of the blood: hematologist
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One cell in thickness and are the smallest blood vessels in the body: cappillaries
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Pulmonary arteries carry oxygen poor blood
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Balloonlike enlargement of an artery wall: aneurysm
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Highest pressure against the artery walls, when the ventricles contract: systolic blood
pressure
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Medication that blocks the enzyme action that causes the blood vessels to contract: ACE
inhibitor
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Most common type of white blood cells: neutrophils
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Iron containing pigment from erythrocytes, Transports oxygen hemoglobin
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Irregular quivering action of the muscular wall of the atria: atrial fibrillation
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Portable electrocardiograph that is worn by an ambulatory patient : Holter monitor
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Cancerous blood condition (preleukemia): myelodysplastic syndrome
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Leukocytes less than normal: leukopenia
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Medication controls irregularities of the heartbeat: antiarrythmic
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Heart is unable to pump out all of the blood: congestive heart failure
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For nonprofessionals, externally shocks the heart to restore a normal cardiac rhythm: AED
Automatic external defibrillator
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Smallest formed elements of the blood, important role in the clotting of blood: throbocytes
(same as platelets)
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Systemic condition caused by microorganisms and their toxins: Septicemia
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Tissue plasminogen activator Dissolve blood clots
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A physician who specializes in the disorders of the blood vessels: Vascular surgeon
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Infects wounds, causes toxic shock syndrome, and produces food poisoning: Staphylococcus
aureus
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Toxoplasmosis: from feces of pets
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Acyclovir is an antiviral
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Bacteria form chains: streptococci
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Not life threatening and does not recur: benign
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Autoimmune disorders attacks the digestive system: Crohn's
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Malignant tumor that arises from connective tissues. Sarcoma
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Mark these foreign invaders and attracts phagocytes to destroy these antigens: Complement
cells
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Immune response is weakened, reduced, absent: immunodeficiency disorder
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Malignancies affecting lymphoid tissues: lymphoma
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Also known as the adenoids: nasopharyngeal tonsils
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Major hemolytic function: spleen
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Infectious mononucleosis: viral
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Malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue: myosarcoma
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Blood test is used to confirm an HIV diagnosis: Western blot test
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Hodgkin's lymphoma: Reed Sternberg cells present
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Fungal infection: Tinea Pedis (athletes foot)
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Chickenpox: varicella
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Causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever: rickettsia
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Treatment that disrupts the blood supply to the tumor: antiangiogenesis -anti blood supply
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Sarcomas: connective tissue, NOT GLANDULAR TISSUE (that would be lymphoma)
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Process by which cancer spreads from one place to another: metastasize
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Breast cancer at its earliest stage: Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
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Exchange of gases within the cells: Internal Respiration
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Pumps air or oxygen through a liquid medicine to a vapor, then inhaled by face mask or
mouthpiece: nebulizer
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Measures the oxygen saturation level in the blood: pulse oximeter
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Surgical incision pharynx: pharyngotomy
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Viral infection during the colder months: influenza
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Functional endoscopic sinus surgery: enlarges opening between nose and sinus
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The Adam's apple: thyroid cartilage
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A pattern of alternating periods of hypopnea or apnea, followed by hyperpnea: CheyneStokes (last chance breathing)
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Absence of oxygen from the body's gases, blood, or tissues: Anoxia
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Upper respiratory bacterial infection is characterized by a paroxysmal cough: pertussis
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Paralysis of the larynx: laryngoplegia
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The region of the chest containing the heart, aorta, esophagus, trachea, bronchial tubes, and
thymus: Mediastinum
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Loss of speech: aphonia
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Absence of spontaneous respiration: apnea
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Lung fails to expand, because air cannot pass beyond the bronchioles that are blocked by
secretions: atelectasis
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Carries both food and air: oropharynx
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Abnormal buildup (high) of carbon dioxide in the blood: hypercapnia
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Abnormal escape of fluid into the pleural cavity: Pleural effusion
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Airways have become inflamed and thickened, and there is an increase in mucus-producing
cells: chronic bronchitis
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A collection of pus within a body cavity: empyema
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Cystic fibrosis: genetic disorder
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Black lung disease: anthracosis
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Mechanical device for artificial ventilation: ventilator
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Polysomnography: diagnoses sleep apnea
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A portion of the stomach protrudes upward into the chest through an opening in the
diaphragm: hiatal hernia
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Fourth part of the colon: sigmoid (S is 4th)
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Earliest stage of periodontal disease: gingivitis
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Any disease of the mouth that is caused by a fungus: stomatomycosis
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Secretes bile: liver
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Ringlike muscle that controls the flow from the stomach to duodenum: pyloric sphincter
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Single pouch or sac occurring in the lining or wall of a tubular organ such as the colon:
diverticulum
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Difficulty swallowing: dysphagia
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Return of swallowed food into the mouth: regurgitation
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Surgical fixation of the rectum to an adjacent tissue or organ: ProctoPEXY
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Surgical creation of a connection between two hollow or tubular structures: anastamosis
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Breaking down of body cells or substances: catabolism
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Narrow passage that connects the stomach with the small intestine: pylorus
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Involuntary clenching of the teeth during sleep: bruxism
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Endoscopic procedure that allows direct visualization of the upper GI tract: EGD
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
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Bolus: chewed food, ready to swallow
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Eating disorder that is characterized by binge eating: bulemia
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Yellow discoloration of the skin caused by excessive bilirubin in the blood; jaundice
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Pain in the gallbladder: cholecystalgia
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Inflammation of both the renal pelvis and the kidney. This is usually caused by a bacterial
infection that has spread upward from the bladder: Pyelonephritis
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Inability to control the voiding of urine under physical stress such as running, sneezing,
laughing, or coughing: stress incontinence
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Outer layer of the kidney; cortex
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Abnormal narrowing of the tube that carries urine out of the body: urethrostenosis
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Sudden onset condition is characterized by uremia: acute renal failure
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Nnephrotic syndrome; may see edema, high protien in urine, low lipids: not pyelitis
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Urethral meatus: external opening of urethra
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Chronic inflammation within the walls of the bladder: interstitial cystitis
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Placement of a catheter into the bladder through a small incision made through the abdominal
wall: suprapubic
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Pus in the kidney: nephropyosis
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Abnormal enlargement of a ureter: ureterectasis
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Late stages of chronic renal failure, in which there is irreversible loss of function in both
kidneys: End Stage Renal Disease
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Urethral opening is on the upper surface of the penis: EPIspadias
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Freeing of a kidney from adhesions: nephrolysis
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Radiographic study of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder without the use of a contrast
medium: KUB
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Complete suppression of urine formation by the kidneys; anuria
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Toxic condition resulting from renal failure in which kidney function is compromised and
urea is retained in the blood: uremia
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Presence of stones in the kidney: nephrolithiasis
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Neurogenic bladder: interference with nerve pathways for urination
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Removal of a kidney stone through a surgical incision into the kidney: nephrolithotomy
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Surgical removal of a cone-shaped specimen of tissue from the cervix: conization
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Catches the Ovum when it leaves the ovary: fimbrae
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Secretes a thick fluid that aids the motility of the sperm: prostate gland
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Complication of pregnancy that is characterized by convulsions and sometimes coma:
eclampsia
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Direct visual examination of the tissues of the cervix and vagina: colposcopy
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Sexually transmitted diseases is caused by a virus: genital herpes
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Growth of abnormal cells in the cervix that can be detected by a Pap smear: cervical
dysplagia
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Painful erection that lasts 4 hours or more but is not accompanied by sexual excitement;
priapism
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Abnormal absence of menstrual periods for 3 or more months.: ameorrhea
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The fluid secreted by the breasts during the first days postpartum: colostrum
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Developmental defect in which one testicle fails to descend into the scrotum: cryptorchidism
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Difficult or painful monthly flow: dysmenorrhea
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Severe itching of the external female genitalia: pruritis vulvae
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Procedure performed to facilitate a vaginal delivery; episiotomy
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Tough-membrane outer layer of the uterus: perimetrium
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Ovaries cease functioning before the age of 40, is due to disease, a hormonal disorder, or
surgical removal: premature menopause
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Inflammation of the cervix lining: endocervicitis
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Performed to affix sagging breasts in a more elevated position: mastopexy
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Placenta is abnormally implanted in the lower portion of the uterus: placenta previa
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Single cyst or multiple cysts, usually benign, in the breasts: fibrocystic breast disease
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Surgical removal of an ovary: oophorectomy
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Torsion of the testis: twisting vas deference and blood vessels
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A woman who has given birth two or more times: muliparous
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Evaluation or appraisal of a condition: assessment
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): produces images in coronal, sagital or oblique planes
without radiation
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The pulse rate: reflects heart beats
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Albumin in the urine and is a sign of impaired kidney function: Albuminuria
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Radiography: hard structures appear gray or white
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Given in preparation for a nuclear scan: radiopharmaceutical
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Drawing of fluid from the pericardial sac: pericardiocentesis
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Nuclear medicine: used for diagnosis and treatment
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Positron emission tomography: combines tomography with radionuclide tracers
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Medication administration that involves a liquid or ointment that is rubbed into the skin:
topical
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Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA): Combines MRI with contast to locate blood
vessels
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Used to examine the tympanic membrane: otoscope
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Listening for sounds within the body, and it is usually performed through a stethoscope:
ascultatation
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Reflects the amount of wastes, minerals, and solids in the urine: specific gravity
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Very low body temperature: hypothermia
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Abnormal rattle or cracklelike respiratory sound heard during inspiration (breathing in): rale
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Result of medical treatment that yields the exact opposite of normally expected results:
paradoxical drug reaction
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A C-reactive protein (CRP) blood test: inflammation
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Radiographic projection has the patient positioned facing the film and parallel to it:
posteroanterior
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Class of drugs that relieves pain without affecting consciousness: analgesic
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Undesirable reaction: adverse reaction