Unit 2 Topographic Maps
Topography is the study and description of the ____________ of the land and _______________ features.
Topographic Map:
 Show _____________ information about ______________ features
 Show ________________ or height above _______ level
measured from _________ sea level (point between high and low tide) which is ___________
 the shape of the land is shown by _____________________ points
of the __________ elevation to form a line – contour line.
Contour lines: An __________________ line that connect points
of ______________ elevation.
Contour interval:
 The ____________ distance between contour lines.
 _____________________ in elevation between one contour line and the next
 Set up by ____________- difference in elevation between highest & lowest points
 Index Contours: The heavier, ____________ contour line
(usually every ______line) that gives us the elevation above sea level.
 Widely spaced contour lines indicate the change
in elevation is ______________ & that the land is level
 Closely spaced contour lines indicate that the change
elevation is __________ & that the slope is _______________
 Q: What is the distance between each index contour?
 Q: What is the contour interval for the map?
in
Contour Properties
 Contour lines form a _____ when crossing streams.
The V always points _______________ to mouth of river
 V-shaped contour lines show a ________________,
(V points to _____________ end of valley)
 Contour lines that form closed _________
indicate a _______________ or mountain peak.
 Concentric circles with short straight ________
indicate a closed ___________________.
Maps & Globes
 Earth’s Shape: Oblate spheroid – polar ___________________ and equatorial bulge, caused by rotation
 Latitude: lines showing North and South of the equator (_________________)
 ___________________ is 0 º
 Each latitude has _____ equal parts known as ________________.
 Each minute equals ________ km (symbol ’)
 Each minutes has 60 equal parts known as __________________ (symbol”)
FRACTIONS OF A DEGREE
 1 degree = 60 minutes or 1 minute is 1/60th of a degree
 Use minutes if location is ______ directly on the latitude/longitude line
 Written ----- Degree/minute = ______° ______’ compass direction
 Longitude: lines showing _________ and ________ of the
prime meridian (meridians)
 ____________ Meridian: 0º pass through Greenwich, England
 Meridian ______________ prime meridian is 180º

180º ____  prime meridian 0º
 180º _____
 Distance between longitudes depends on __________ you measure
 Distance in between each line ____________________ as you
move from the equator to the poles
LONGITUDE & TIME
 The world rotates (spins) __________° in _____ hours.
360° / 24 hours = _________° per hour
 The world has 24 _____________ zones, each l5° apart.
THERE IS A _____HOUR TIME DIFFERENCE FOR EVERY 15° OF _____________________
 Greenwich, England is the _______________ point for time zones
 The world rotates __________ to __________ (counterclockwise), time zones to the east are
______________ of the those time zones to the west
 Great circles: any circle that divides the globe into ______________
 Equator is only _______________ that is a great circle
 Any _______ longitudes across from each other is a great circles
 Used for ______ travel and _______ travel
PARTS of a MAP
 Legend: list of _____________ and their _______________
 Direction: Maps drawn with north at _____, east at the __________, _________ at the left, and
____________ at the bottom
↑N
 Scale: shows relationship between _______________ on map to distance on ___________
Types of Scales
 Graphic Scale: printed line divided into ___________
parts and labeled
 Verbal Scale: a ___________ statement
Ex: one centimeter equals one kilometer
 Fractional Scale: (ratio) 1 ________ of distance on map
to same unit on the __________