Physical Science Exam Study Guide
1. 2 Fe2O3 + 3 C
4 Fe + 3 CO2 is an example of a balanced chemical equation
2. A balanced chemical equation shows the proportions of reactants and products necessary for
mass to be conserved.
3. A boy exerts an average force of 65 N when he lifts a box 1.2 meters. How much work does
he do? W= f/d
4. A carbon atom can bond to four other atoms because it has four valence electrons.
5. A chemical equation that shows the same number of each kind of atom on both sides of the
equation is said to be balanced
6. A chemical reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat is described as endothermic
7. A compound differs from a mixture because it is held together by chemical bonds
8. A dropped racquetball will not return to its original position because some of the
mechanical energy is converted to nonmechanical energy.
9. A nuclear chain reaction occurs when excess neutrons collide with other nuclei.
10. A place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion is call
reference point
11. A shorter, easier way to show chemical reactions, using symbols instead of words, is called
a chemical equation
12. A substance that undergoes a change in a chemical reaction is reactant
13. According to the law of conservation of momentum, when two objects collide in the
absence of friction, momentum is not lost.
14. Air resistance is a type of friction
15. Alpha particles are positively charged
16. An ionic bond is the attraction between two oppositely charged ions.
17. Any force that causes an object to move in a circle is called a centripetal force
18. Archaeologists use the half-life of carbon to date organic materials.
19. As a dropped penny falls toward the ground, Kinetic energy is converted to POTENTIAL
energy.
20. At the top of its arc, a thrown ball has Maximum potential energy.
21. Atoms and ions are held together by chemical bonds
22. Atoms often join so that each atom will have a filled outer energy level (valance shell)
23. CaCO3 represents a chemical formula
24. Chemical energy is energy that is stored in atoms
25. During fission, some of the nuclear mass is converted into energy
26. Each family in the periodic table has its own characteristic properties based on the number
of valance electrons.
27. Energy is the ability to do work
28. Free-fall acceleration near Earth’s surface is the same for all objects
29. Fusion occurs when nuclei combine
30. Heat is transferred from one particle of matter to another without the movement of matter
itself in a process called radiation
31. Heated air moves from baseboard heaters to the rest of a room in a process called
convection
32. How does the total momentum of two objects before a collision compare with the total
momentum after the collision? It is the same
33. How much power is required to do 180 J of work in 2.4 s? P= work/time
34. How would you calculate an object’s mechanical energy? ME= KE+ PE
35. If a bicyclist travels 30 kilometers in two hours, her average speed is 15 m/s
36. If the net force acting on a stationary object is zero, then the object will not move (be
balanced)
37. If two objects with different masses and traveling with different velocities collide, what law
allows you to predict the motion of the objects after the collision? Conservation of
momentum
38. In a stable nucleus, the attractive forces are stronger than the repulsive forces.
39. In the chemical formula for an ionic compound, which item is written first? (anion/cation)
40. In the equation E = mc2, c stands for speed of light
41. In which type of bond do atoms share electrons? Covalent bond
42. Ionic compounds are electrically neutral
43. Ionic compounds form Crystals
44. Is a dart thrown at a dartboard an example of projectile motion?
45. Kinetic energy increases as both mass and velocity increase.
46. Magnesium bromide is an ionic compound with the chemical formula MgBr2. What does
the “2” tell you? That there are 2 bromine atoms for every magnesium atom
47. Moving water can be used to produce electricity because Energy can be converted into
other forms.
48. Name the types of nuclear radiation. Alpha, Beta, Gamma, neutron
49. On the Celsius scale 0 degrees is the freezing point of water.
50. One way to increase acceleration is by (increasing mass/ decreasing mass)
51. Potential energy that depends on height is called Gravitational Potential Energy
52. Power is work/time
53. Radioactive materials have unstable nuclei
54. Speed equals distance divided by time
55. The achievement of lifting a rocket off the ground and into space can be explained by
Newton’s 3rd law
56. The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of a substance by 1
kelvin is called its Specific Heat
57. The chemical formula for an ionic compound of aluminum and chlorine is AlCl3
58. The combination of all of the forces acting on an object is called the net force
59. The covalent compound N2O5 would be named DiNitrogen PentaOxide
60. The decomposition of water can be brought about by Electrolysis
61. The energy associated with motion is called kinetic Energy
62. The energy source in photosynthesis is light energy.
63. The force of gravity on a person or object on the surface of a planet is called weight
64. The law of conservation of energy states that energy energy cannot be created or
destroyed
65. The law of universal gravitation states that any two objects in the universe, without
exception, attract each other
66. The law that states that every object maintains constant velocity unless acted on by an
unbalanced force is Newton’s 1st law
67. The law that states that for every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force is
Newton’s 3rd law
68. The law that states that the unbalanced force acting on an object equals the object’s mass
times its acceleration is Newton’s 2nd law
69. The name for the compound with the formula Cr2O3 would be written as Dichromium
trioxide
70. The number placed below an element’s symbol in a chemical formula is called a subscript
71. The rate at which velocity changes is called acceleration
72. The SI unit for speed is m/s
73. The substances listed on the left side of a chemical equation are the products
74. The tendency of an object to resist change in its motion is known as inertia
75. The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves is called Radiation
76. The transfer of energy to a body by the application of a force that causes the body to move
in the direction of the force is called Power
77. The type of nuclear radiation that can penetrate farthest through matter is called neutron
emission
78. Unlike kinetic energy, potential energy is stored
79. Water freezes at 32 degrees on which temperature scale? Fahrenheit
80. What force causes a skater sliding on the ice to gradually slow down? Friction
81. What happens in a chemical reaction? Atoms are rearranged
82. What holds protons and neutrons together in a nucleus? Strong Nuclear Force
83. What is inertia? The tendency of an object to resist change in its motion is known as
inertia
84. When an object is in free fall, the only force acting on it is gravity
85. When an object’s distance from another object is changing it is in motion
86. When nickel combines with fluorine to form nickel (III) fluoride, the charge of the nickel
ion is Ni3+
87. When the only force acting on a falling object is gravity, the object is said to be in Free Fall
88. When you know both the speed and direction of an object’s motion, you know the velocity
89. When you rub your hands together on a cold day, you use friction to convert mechanical
energy into thermal energy.
90. Which scale shows Absolute zero? Kelvin