Name:
Biology 1-2
Period:
Date:
Teacher: Lundgren
Ch 13: RNA & Protein Synthesis
I. Metacognition: By the end of this unit you are expected to be able to do/complete all learning
targets below. Your teacher will help you understand this material, but it is ultimately your
responsibility. Constantly ask yourself whether or not you are meeting these targets, and what are
you doing to master them?
Pre
Check
Post
Check
Objectives (*EOB)
1. Compare and contrast RNA and DNA.
2. Explain the process of RNA synthesis.*
3. Identify the genetic code and explain how it is read.*
4. Summarize the process of translation.*
5. Describe the effects mutations can have on genes.*
II. Vocabulary Building:
Due Date: __________________
How am I going to learn the terms? (select one or create your own idea that is teacher approved)
⃝ Make flashcards of all vocabulary terms and definitions.
⃝ Make a flip chart including all vocabulary terms and definitions.
⃝ Other Ideas (teacher approved)? ________________________________________________
III. Chapter Vocabulary and Root Words:
Term
Definition
RNA
Messenger RNA
Ribosomal RNA
Memory Cue
Name:
Biology 1-2
Period:
Transfer RNA
Transcription
RNA
Polymerase
Introns
Exons
Polypeptide
Genetic Code
Codon
Translation
Date:
Teacher: Lundgren
Name:
Biology 1-2
Anticodon
Gene
Expression
Mutation
Point Mutation
Frameshift
Mutation
Mutagen
Polyploidy
Period:
Date:
Teacher: Lundgren
Name:
Biology 1-2
Period:
Date:
Teacher: Lundgren
IV. Guided Reading Section Questions (*EOB):
Section 13.1 p. 362-365: RNA
Pre
Objectives (*EOB)
Check
1. Compare and contrast RNA and DNA.
2. Explain the process of RNA synthesis.*
Post
Check
1. Use the terms to compare the similarities and differences between DNA and RNA.
Double strand
Single strand
Nucleic Acid
Uracil
Thymine
Nucleotides
Deoxyribose
Genetic Instructions
Build Proteins
Ribose
Both
DNA
RNA
2. What is similar to both DNA and RNA? ____________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Based on Figure 13-1, which part represents DNA? Why? RNA? Why? _________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Name:
Biology 1-2
Period:
Date:
Teacher: Lundgren
4. Complete the table below contrasting the three types of RNA.
Name
Picture
Function
Messenger RNA
Ribosomal RNA
Transfer RNA
5. Explain the process of transcription. * ____________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
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6. Why is it important for a single gene to be able to produce hundreds or thousands of the
same RNA molecules? ________________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________________________
7. Suppose you start with the DNA strand A C C G T C A C. Use the rules of base pairing to
list the bases on a messenger RNA strand transcribed from this DNA strand (hint: remember
what bases are present in DNA vs. RNA).* _________________________________________
8. Compare introns to exons. _________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Name:
Biology 1-2
Period:
Section 13.2 p. 366-371: Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis
Pre
Objectives (*EOB)
Check
1. Identify the genetic code and explain how it is read.*
2. Summarize the process of translation.*
Date:
Teacher: Lundgren
Post
Check
1. Identify the genetic code and explain how it is read. ________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. What are codons and anticodons? _______________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Using Figure 13-6, identify the amino acids specified by codons: AUG, UGG, AAG, UAG.
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Summarize the process of translation. * __________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
5. How is protein synthesis different from DNA replication? ____________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Name:
Biology 1-2
Period:
Date:
Teacher: Lundgren
6. Describe the “central dogma” of molecular biology. * _______________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
7. Why is the genetic code considered universal? _____________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
8. In what way does controlling the proteins in an organism control the organism’s
characteristics? ______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
9. Complete the flowchart below about protein synthesis. *
10. A certain gene has the following DNA base sequence: *
TACGACAAGTCCACAATC
a. From left to right, write the sequence of the mRNA molecule transcribed from this gene.
________________________________________________
Name:
Biology 1-2
Period:
Date:
Teacher: Lundgren
b. Using Figure 13-6, read the mRNA codons from left to right. Then write the amino acid
sequence of the polypeptide.
_____________________________________________________________________
Section 13.3 p. 372-376: Mutations
Pre
Objectives (*EOB)
Check
1. Describe the effects mutations can have on genes.*
Post
Check
1. Define mutations and describe the two main categories of mutations. * ________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Complete the table below regarding mutation types. *
Example
Gene or
Chromosomal
Mutation
Point,
Frameshift, or
both
Specific Name of
Mutation
Name:
Biology 1-2
Period:
Example
Gene or
Chromosomal
Mutation
Date:
Teacher: Lundgren
Point,
Frameshift, or
both
Specific Name of
Mutation
3. What is a mutagen? Give examples of types of mutagens. ___________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Name:
Biology 1-2
Period:
Date:
Teacher: Lundgren
4. List three effects mutations can have on genes. * __________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Can mutations have a positive effect? Explain. * ___________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
6. The effects of mutations are not always visible. Explain how a biologist might determine
whether a mutation has occurred and, if so, what type of mutations it is. *
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
7. What is the significance of mutations to living things? * ______________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
8. A mutation in the DNA of an organism changes one base sequence in a protein-coding region
from CAC to CAT. What is the effect of the mutation on the final protein? Explain.*
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Name:
Biology 1-2
Period:
Date:
Teacher: Lundgren
9. How does the possible impact of a chromosomal mutation that occurs during meiosis differ
from that of a similar event that occurs during mitosis of body cells that is not involved in
reproduction? _______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
10. Use the following table to answer
the questions below. *
a. The table shows DNA codons
for three amino acids. How
would a substitution
mutation in the third nucleotide position of the codons for alanine and valine affect the
resulting protein? _________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
b. The three amino acids shown in the table have very similar – though not identical –
properties. What substitution mutations could result in switching one of these amino
acids for another? What might be the result? ___________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Name:
Biology 1-2
Period:
Date:
Teacher: Lundgren
V. I can statements: Read the following I can statements and complete the table with evidence
you know that I can statement. This could include a sentence, a picture, etc. You MUST complete
this section for credit.
TB
I can statement (*EOB)
Section
13.1
1a. I can describe three
similarities between RNA and
DNA.
Evidence
-
13.1
1b. I can describe three
differences between RNA and
DNA.
-
13.1
1c. I can describe the three main
types of RNA.
-
13.1
1d. I can draw a picture of the
three main types of RNA.
-
-
13.1
2a. I can describe the process of
transcription.*
13.1
2b. I can describe the role of
enzymes in the process of
transcription.*
Name:
Biology 1-2
13.1
2c. I can transcribe a strand of
mRNA from a DNA template.*
13.1
2d. I can explain the role of
promoters in RNA synthesis.
13.1
2e. I can describe RNA editing
during RNA synthesis.
13.2
3a. I can identify codons from a
strand of mRNA.*
13.2
3b. I can read and provide an
example of how to use a codon
chart.*
13.2
4a. I can describe the role of a
ribosome in translation.
13.2
4b. I can describe the role of
tRNA in translation.
13.2
4c. I can describe the role of
anticodons in translation.
Period:
Date:
Teacher: Lundgren
Name:
Biology 1-2
13.2
4d. I can describe the three
major steps in how a
polypeptide is assembled.*
13.2
4e. I can describe the central
dogma of molecular biology.
13.2
4f. I can determine an amino
acid sequence from an original
DNA sequence.*
13.3
5a. I can describe a point
mutation and give an example.*
13.3
5b. I can describe a frameshift
mutation and give an example.*
13.3
5c. I can describe chromosomal
mutations and give an example.*
13.3
5d. I can define mutagens and
provide examples.
Period:
Date:
Teacher: Lundgren
Name:
Biology 1-2
13.3
5e. I can give examples of helpful
mutations.*
13.3
5f. I can give examples of
harmful mutations.*
13.3
5g. I can give examples of
mutations that have no effect.*
Period:
Date:
Teacher: Lundgren
Name:
Biology 1-2
Period:
Date:
Teacher: Lundgren
VI. Study Guide
The final chapter assessment is on ____________________________
To study for the test I have completed the following:
___ Completing the entire reading guide
___ Rereading the entire chapter
___ Making flashcards
___ Making my own study guide
___ Reviewing all of my notes
___ Reviewing all of my labs
___ Reviewing all of my worksheets
___ Reviewing all of my quizzes
___ Quizzing myself
___ Quizzing a classmate
___ Creating a practice test
___ Outlining the chapter
___ Copying my notes
___Making a graph organizer
___ Getting additional help from my teacher
___ Taking online quizzes/tests on Biology.com website
___ Other (explain: _______________________________)
___ Other (explain: _______________________________)
___ Other (explain: _______________________________)
___ Other (explain: _______________________________)
I predict that I will earn the following grade on my assessment ___________ because ___________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________